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Biomedical subjects

K Sekiba

Publications and source records attributed to K Sekiba.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Approaches to treatment for gynecologic malignancies--particularly on hyperthermic treatment].

Diagnosis and treatment at the early stage are bases of therapy for cancer. Great efforts have been made from this policy also in treatment of cervical cancer most frequently encountered in gynecology. Recent progress of cytodiagnosis and prevalence of mass screening enable us to more frequently detect intraepithelial lesions, such as dysplasia, CIS, and early cancer at Stage Ia, and are about to achieve the initial object with 5-years surgical cure rate close to 100%. For the last decade, however, detection rates of cancers at Stages III and IV remain at the same level (19.1%) but result of treatment has not been remarkably improved during last 30 years. Therefore, efforts should be made to improve the therapeutic results in advanced cancer as well as in early cancer. In addition, maintenance of functions, as well as radical treatment, should be taken into consideration. I. Treatment of cervical cancer In Okayama University, treatment for gynecologic malignant tumors has been developed with emphasis on cervical cancer. Now clinical problems are reviewed from retrospective study of cervical cancer treated for 50 years. From 1934, when Dr. Yagi took office as the professor, to end of 1987, 10,587 cases of cervical cancer, including 788 cases of the disease at Stage 0, were treated during the period of 54 years.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1988

Automated direct assay system for the measurement of sex steroid hormones in serum using high-performance liquid chromatography.

An automated direct assay system using high-performance liquid chromatography was developed for the simultaneous measurement of estradiol, estrone, progesterone, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, 20 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, testosterone and androstenedione in biological fluids. A comparison between the values measured by this method and by radioimmunoassay revealed good correlation for estradiol (r = 0.938, p less than 0.001) and progesterone (r = 0.903, p less than 0.001). Estradiol and estrone could be analysed above the level of 250 pg/ml, and progesterone, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, 20 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, testosterone and androstenedione could be analysed above the level of 5.0-7.5 ng/ml. The method was applied to the clinical appraisal of placental function and maturation of ovarian follicles.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1988

[Ultrasonically guided puncture of endometrial cysts--aspiration of contents and infusion of ethanol].

Ultrasonically guided transvaginal or transabdominal puncture of an endometrial cyst with a transvaginal or transabdominal sector probe was done safely and correctly. In 7 endometrial cysts in 5 patients, we aspirated the contents, flushed with saline solution and cleaned the interior cysts. At last 99.9% ethanol was infused into 6 cysts for 30 minutes. In all cases puncture of the endometrial cyst was successful and the contents of the endometrial cyst were collected. There were no major side effect and no recurrence of endometrial cyst. It was proven that the aspiration of contents and infusion of ethanol were superior methods for treating endometrial cysts.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Pharmacokinetics of carboplatin (CBDCA) and tissue concentration of platinum in gynecologic organs].

A pharmacokinetics and platinum concentration in the gynecologic organs were measured following the intravenous drip infusion of 375 mg/m2 of CBDCA. Total platinum (TP) in plasma decreased biphasically and free platinum (FP) was almost monophasically eliminated. The t 1/2 of FP was about 51 min. and the percentage of FP out of TP at four hours after administration was more than 92%, which was much higher proportion compared with that of cisplatin (CDDP). A cumulative excretion of platinum in the urine within 24 hours was 69%. The platinum concentration in the benign part of portio and endocervix were higher than that of malignant portion, although there were no significant differences in other pelvic organs such as ovary and tubes. However, pelvic lymph-nodes showed less platinum concentration both in metastatic and non-metastatic tissues. Platinum concentration in the tissue did not change significantly with lapse of time. Bone marrow suppression was observed especially in the patients who had received chemotherapy or radiotherapy. No renal toxicity was observed even without any hydration and gastro-intestinal toxicity was much milder than that of CDDP.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1988

[Hyperthermia in gynecological malignancy].

This paper mainly reports our clinical findings so far obtained from thermotherapy performed as part of a multimodality treatment for gynecological malignant tumors. In our thermotherapeutic method, microwaves at 2.45 GHz were applied for superficial tumors and RF waves at 13.56 MHz capable of warming deeper lesions were locally applied, whereas 70-80 MHz radial-type waves were regionally administered when heating of the entire pelvic cavity was required. However, only three of 103 patients were given thermotherapy alone, 47 were given combined chemotherapy, 47 were given radiotherapy and 6 were given both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The microwave heating was mainly combined with chemotherapy, and when the results obtained from chemotherapy alone were compared with those of thermochemotherapy in the same regimen, the group treated with thermochemotherapy was found to have a more favorable chemotherapeutic effect and prognosis. RF radial-type hyperthermia with radiotherapy was proved to be more effective for reduction of tumor size and histopathological effect than radiotherapy alone.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

RI lymphography by submucous injection in the pars vaginalis of the cervix uteri.

We have improved conventional RI lymphography, and investigated its usefulness as a screening method for lymph node metastasis. We injected 99mTc-sulfur colloid directly under the mucous membrane of the pars vaginalis of the cervix uteri of patients with cervical cancer, and took images every 5 minutes for 2 hours. At the same time, we analyzed the data stored in a computer, and attempted to observe the movement of radioisotopes taken into the lymph nodes. The subjects were 100 patients (200 study units) with cervical cancer, on whom histological examinations were performed. Of these, 41 study units were seen to be clouded by invasive cancer in the lymph nodes or parametrium. In the group in which both lymph nodes adjacent to the uterine cervix and the common iliac lymph nodes were delineated, lymph node metastasis was ruled out in 96.2%. Also, in some of the cases in which metastasis was seen, even though the lymph nodes were delineated, there was some delay in taking up the isotope. Therefore, it seems that as the main method, a diagnosis of "true negative" in the case of no metastasis is more useful than a "true positive" for the existence of metastasis.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1987

Use of transrectal radial scan ultrasonography in evaluating the extent of uterine cervical cancer.

Transrectal radial scan ultrasonography has been performed in 180 cases of stage Ib, IIa, or IIb uterine cervical cancer. Increases in the parametrial length, width, their product, and internal echo intensity as well as shift of the cervix to the side of more severe induration have been demonstrated, irrespective of the presence or absence of menstruation, as the clinical infiltration becomes more severe. Furthermore, concerning the presence or absence of histologic infiltration, there is a very strong possibility of a cancerous infiltration in cases of mass formation in the parametrium.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effect of guanidinoethyl sulfonate on taurine concentrations and fetal growth in pregnant rats.

Guanidinoethyl sulfonate (GES), a transport antagonist of taurine, was given to pregnant rats from day 11 to 21 of gestation as a 1% solution in drinking water. On day 21 of gestation in GES-treated pregnant rats, the concentration of taurine markedly decreased in the fetal whole body (54% of the control), the fetal liver (37%), the fetal whole brain (87%), the placenta (32%), the maternal liver (33%), the maternal whole brain (32%), and the maternal plasma (46%). The wet weight of fetal whole body, liver and brain of fetus, and placenta also showed a significant drop. But there were no differences of weight gain, in the liver and brain weights of the mother of the control and GES-treated pregnant rats. The urinary excretion of taurine in pregnant rats treated with GES was much higher than that of the controls. These results suggest that the administration of GES to pregnant rats induces much urinary taurine excretion with a resulting decrease in the tissue taurine content and readily produces taurine-deficient fetal rats.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1987

Clinical evaluation of antithrombin III concentrate (BI 6.013) for disseminated intravascular coagulation in obstetrics. Well-controlled multicenter trial.

Antithrombin III (AT III) is known to be the most important inhibitor of serine protease in the coagulation system. In the presence of heparin, AT III is converted from its progressive activity state to an immediate activity state. In disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in the field of obstetrics, the treatment has to be initiated very early. Heparin treatment, on the other hand, is critical since frequently postpartal or postoperative wound bleeding is present. We, therefore, established diagnostic criteria for the early diagnosis of DIC and investigated the clinical efficacy of a therapy with AT III in a well-controlled comparative study versus the injectable synthetic protease inhibitor FOY. The results of the trial showed that the AT III group (92%; n = 24) was significantly (p less than 0.001) superior in clinical efficacy to the FOY group (60%; n = 15). No side effects whatsoever were observed after treatment with AT III concentrate (Behring Institute). From these results, it could be concluded that a single therapy with AT III concentrate can sufficiently control the symptoms of DIC in the field of obstetrics without the risk of increased bleeding.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Changes in free progesterone in the serum, peritoneal fluid and follicular fluid through the menstrual cycle and pregnancy.

Progesterone is said to play an important role in the secretory transformation of the endometrium, maintenance of gestation and relaxation of the myometrium. Progesterone is also said to be involved in ovulation and fertilization, and is contained in large amounts in the follicular fluid and peritoneal fluid. As with other steroid hormones, progesterone exists in the blood in protein-bound and free forms, and it is the free form which exhibits biological activity. In order to evaluate the biological activity of progesterone, we determined the percent free progesterone, employing the method used by Vlahos et al. for the determination of testosterone. No significant difference was noted between the percent free progesterone in the follicular phase (4.44 +/- 0.30%) and luteal phase (4.77 +/- 0.26%) of the menstrual cycle. However, a tendency for the percent free progesterone to rise was recognized in the first, and the value significantly increased to 5.54 +/- 0.51% in the third trimester (p less than 0.005). The percent free progesterone during the follicular phase in the peritoneal fluid was 4.95 +/- 0.30%, and in the follicular fluid, 5.39 +/- 0.22%, both values being larger than the value in the serum during the same phase.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Transamination of L-cysteine sulfinate in the growing rat.

The enzyme activities involved in the transamination of L-cysteine sulfinate (L-alanine 3-sulfinic acid), L-aspartate and L-cysteine were examined in fetal, neonatal and maternal rat liver and placenta. In fetal and neonatal rat liver, aminotransferase activity was most active with L-cysteine sulfinate as a substrate and was also active with L-aspartate, while activity with L-cysteine was very low. The activity of transamination of L-cysteine sulfinate in rat liver developed in parallel with that of L-aspartate and L-cysteine. The aminotransferase activity markedly increased after the 19th day of gestation, reaching the same value as adult liver on the 3rd day after birth. The ratios of transamination of L-cysteine sulfinate to that of L-aspartate and to that of L-cysteine were constant during development. These observations suggest that L-cysteine sulfinate, L-aspartate and L-cysteine are transaminated by the same enzyme in the rat liver during development. Since placental aminotransferase activity was extremely low compared with that of the liver, it was suggested that the placenta did not play an important role in the transamination of these amino acids during pregnancy.

Aging↗
PubMed1987

Therapeutic effect of hyperthermia combined with chemotherapy on vulvar and vaginal carcinoma.

A clinical trial was performed to investigate the efficacy of hyperthermia in combination with chemotherapy for gynecological malignancies. Sixty-nine patients with vaginal or vulvar malignancies (9 primary vulvar, 3 recurrent vulvar, 11 primary vaginal, 4 primary cervical, 40 recurrent cervical, and 2 recurrent ovarian carcinomas) were treated by thermochemotherapy (42 cases) or chemotherapy alone (27 cases). After treatment, 7 patients underwent surgery and 46 patients irradiation. The chemotherapeutic schedule was mainly a combination therapy with bleomycin and mitomycin C (B-M). Microwaves of 2.45 GHz were applied to induce local hyperthermia. The side effects of chemotherapy were not increased by hyperthermia. The rate of partial response plus complete response increased to 84% (16/19) in primary cancers and 45% in recurrent cancers by hyperthermia, compared to the respective values of 40% (2/5) and 17% (3/17) for chemotherapy alone. However, a satisfactory prognosis cannot be expected with thermochemotherapy, unless additional treatments are performed. Subsequent surgery or radiation treatment improved the progression-free interval.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Differentiation between eclampsia and cerebrovascular disorders by brain CT scan in pregnant patients with convulsive seizures.

Six pregnant women with convulsions between 25 to 40 weeks of gestation were experienced. Among them, 4 patients were diagnosed as having intracranial hemorrhage and two as simple eclampsia. With the aid of brain CT scan, one case of arteriovenous malformation was detected and treated surgically with good prognosis for both the mother and the fetus. Two patients were diagnosed to have cerebral hemorrhage with subsequent penetration into the lateral ventricles and were treated conservatively. Their fetuses were delivered alive by cesarean section, but the mothers expired. The other patient with cerebral hemorrhage was treated surgically, and both the mother and the fetus survived. One of the simple eclampsia patients was noted to have a growth retarded fetus at 32 weeks of pregnancy with subsequent intra-uterine death, but the mother recovered after conservative treatment. Another patient at 40 weeks of pregnancy was also treated conservatively and both the fetus and the mother survived. Brain CT scan findings differed between these two eclampsia patients; local brain edema for the second patient and generalized brain edema for the first patient. Thus more active application of brain CT scan is recommended in managing pregnant patients with convulsions.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Determination by ultrafiltration of the fraction of unbound estradiol and its variation in peritoneal fluid during the menstrual cycle.

An ultrafiltration method employing a Centrifree filter for determining the unbound fraction of estradiol was studied. Centrifugation was performed under conditions similar to those in vivo. Good correlation was recognized between this method and the equilibrium dialysis. This method was employed to determine the unbound fraction of estradiol in the serum and the peritoneal fluid of 26 infertility patients classified according to their menstrual dates. The total estradiol and progesterone contents in the peritoneal fluid were high after ovulation. There was no significant difference in the percentage of unbound estradiol in the serum among various groups. In the peritoneal fluid, however, the percentage of unbound estradiol for the day 12-14 patients was 4.5 +/- 0.2% in contrast with 3.8 +/- 0.4% for the day 15-18 group (p less than 0.05) and 3.5 +/- 0.1% (p less than 0.05) for the day 19-28 group. Moreover, the fraction (4.5%) of unbound estradiol in the peritoneal fluid of a patient with luteinized unruptured follicle (LUF) syndrome was comparable with that of patients in the follicular phase. The difference between the percentage of unbound estradiol in the peritoneal fluid before and after ovulation is considered to be due to the transudation of follicular estradiol in the follicular phase and the exudation of estradiol from the corpus luteum into the peritoneal cavity in the luteal phase.

Ascitic Fluid↗
PubMed1987

[Phase II study of 5-FU tablets in cancer of the uterine cervix].

A phase II study of 5-FU tablet for 52 patients with cancer of the uterine cervix was undertaken by a cooperative study group consisting of 13 institutions. The clinical response rate in 44 evaluable cases was 31.8% (CR: 3 cases, PR: 11 cases, MR: 2 cases, NC: 19 cases and PD: 9 cases). Efficacy rates of 5-FU tablet according to lesion sites were 44.4% in the uterine cervix, 42.9% in the vaginal wall and cut vaginal end, 25.0% in the lymph nodes and 16.7% in the lung. Histologically, the effectiveness rate was 26.9% for large-cell, non-keratinizing-type-carcinoma, 42.9% for small-cell, non-keratinizing-type, and 60.0% for the keratinizing-type of squamous cell carcinoma. One of three adenocarcinoma cases (33.3%) showed improvement. Some adverse effects were observed in 16 (32.0%) of 50 evaluable cases. A large proportion of the adverse effects were gastro-intestinal disorders, such as nausea, vomiting and anorexia. These results suggested that 5-FU tablet is a useful chemotherapeutic agent against carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

Adult↗