[A case of Crohn's disease associated with an intramural sinus tract of the transverse colon demonstrated pathohistology].
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Colonic Diseases↗
Biomedical subjects
K Segawa
Publications and source records attributed to K Segawa.
Effects of prednisolone and human epidermal growth factor on angiogenesis in granulation tissue of gastric ulcer induced by acetic acid.
In an attempt to elucidate the role of granulation vessels in the healing of gastric ulcer, healing and angiogenesis in granulation tissue of acetic acid ulcers were studied in rats. In addition, the effects of prednisolone and synthetic human epidermal growth factor (EGF) on angiogenesis and ulcer healing were investigated. The newly formed granulation vessels in the ulcer base were measured by means of a carmine dye infusion method. Prednisolone, administered subcutaneously at 40 mg/kg/day, significantly decreased angiogenesis in the ulcer base on the 10th day after ulcer production, and on the 30th day ulcer healing was found to be significantly delayed. In contrast, angiogenesis was significantly increased, and ulcer healing was enhanced by intragastric administration of 100 micrograms/kg/day of EGF. With combined administration of prednisolone and EGF, angiogenesis was significantly increased compared to that observed with prednisolone treatment alone. The authors conclude that suppression of angiogenesis by prednisolone is a delaying factor in gastric ulcer healing and that exogenous EGF promotes ulcer healing, partly through restoration of angiogenesis.
Acetates↗
Fluctuation of the mucosal hydroxyproline content in compound 48/80-induced gastric lesions in rats.
Extensive gastric mucosal lesions were observed after i.p. administration of compound 48/80 (0.75 mg/kg) for 3 days to rats. The mucosal hydroxyproline content was significantly increased at 4 h after the last injection of compound 48/80 and subsequently decreased as the lesions were healed. Treatment with cimetidine (50 mg/kg, i.p.) did not prevent compound 48/80-induced gastric lesions. The increase in the mucosal hydroxyproline content was significantly reduced by treatment with cimetidine. This fact suggested that cimetidine might have an inhibitory effect on the regeneration of connective tissue.
Animals↗
The role of prostaglandin D2 in the genesis of indomethacin-induced gastric lesions in rats.
Four kinds of prostaglandins (PGs), 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, PGF2 alpha, PGE2 and PGD2, in rat gastric mucosa were decreased at 1 or 6 h after oral administration of indomethacin (2 or 12 mg/kg). With 2 mg/kg of indomethacin, the PG levels had slightly recovered 6 h later. Gastric lesions were observed 6 h after administration of indomethacin (12 mg/kg), but not with 2 mg/kg. Omeprazole (20 mg/kg, i.p.) prevented ulcer formation caused by indomethacin, without improvement of the reduced gastric mucosal PG levels. PGD2 (0.5 mg/kg, p.o.) reduced indomethacin-induced gastric lesions and considerable amounts of PGD2 existed in the gastric mucosa. We conclude that H+ is a determining factor in the genesis of indomethacin-induced gastric lesions and persistent decreases in tissue PG levels also participate in ulcer formation.
Animals↗
Age and sex-dependent changes in serum amylase in an apparently healthy population.
In order to determine whether changes in serum amylase are age- or sex-dependent, we evaluated age- and sex-stratified serum amylase values in subjects who were proven to be healthy by a precise preventive health examination. Results showed that serum amylase increased as age progressed, except in the 0- to 29-yr-old female group. Mean serum amylase was higher in females than in males. A previous study indicated that the etiology of the increase in amylase in elderly persons is due to a progressive decline in renal function with aging. The etiology of the sex difference, especially in the younger generation, requires further investigation. We should pay attention to the factor of age when we evaluate serum amylase.
Adolescent↗
Ruffled border of osteoclast: its three dimensional ultrastructure.
The ruffled border of osteoclasts in immature bones undergoing bone remodelling was three dimensionally examined with a scanning and a transmission electron microscope. The materials used the mandibular bodies obtained from newborn Wistar-strain rats. Scanning electron microscopic observations of the ruffled border were carried out by maceration and extraction of osteoclast cytoplasmic matrix with 0.1% osmium tetroxide. Multinuclear osteoclasts, which possessed a large number of mitochondria and endocytotic vacuoles, were found on the bone. They abutted on the bone surface by specialized membrane complex well-known as the ruffled border and clear zone. The deepest portions of the membranous invaginations of the ruffled border viewed from the cytoplasmic side showed three kinds configurations: low and narrow ridges (70-110 nm in width), high and wide ridges (180-400 nm in width), and high and large bulges (300-400 nm in diameter). In this scene, hallows varying in size and direction between the ridges or the bulges were observed and appeared as cytoplasmic projections of the ruffled border. The ridges and bulges are probably coincident with the configurations of the proximal margins of deep membranous invaginations such as vacuolated swellings or finger-like protrusions seen in the ultrathin sections of the ruffled border. Small spherical protrusions corresponding to coated pits, from which coated vesicles are probably produced, were found at the summits of the high ridges and bulges, and thus coated vesicles are thought not to arise from the low and narrow ridges. The cytoplasm just adjacent to proximal margins of ruffled border included a large number of vacuoles and large phagosomes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Animals↗
Stacking interactions between protonated nucleic acid bases and aromatic amino acids: spectroscopic and structural analyses of m3CMP-tryptophan derivative complex.
As a stacking model between nucleic acid bases and aromatic amino acids, the interaction on m3 CMP-tryptophan derivative has been studied by 1H-NMR and X-ray crystal analyses. From the comparative 1H-NMR experiments using CMP and m3CMP, it is suggested that the N(3)-protonation by methylation greatly strengthens the stacking interaction with tryptophan. Parallel alignment with a separation distance of 3.38A is shown by the X-ray analysis of m CMP-tryptamine complex. The stacking mode is very similar to those observed in the complexes of indole ring with m1A and m7G.
Cytidine Monophosphate↗
High-resolution scanning electron microscopy of formative osteoblasts, with special emphasis on intracellular membranous organelles.
Formative osteoblasts in immature bone obtained from newborn rats were examined with a high-resolution scanning electron microscope. The three dimensional ultrastructures of intracellular membranous organelles in formative osteoblasts were revealed by the maceration and extraction of cytoplasmic soluble elements with dilute osmium tetroxide after DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) freeze-cracking in liquid nitrogen. Typical formative osteocytes covering self-produced unmineralized matrix were plumply ovoid or ellipsoid in shape. Their cytoplasms were filled with intracellular organelles related to matrix-formation such as Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, and well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). The Golgi apparatus of formative osteoblast was composed of the three kinds of prominent elements, which were lamellar portions stacked several cisterns with some fenestrations, abundant vesicles, and vacuoles. The Golgi cisterns frequently extended continuing in a circle. A large number of spherical protrusions indicative of arising the vesicles and elongated tubular structures were usually observed in a part of the Golgi cisterns. The tubular structures which mediated between adjoining Golgi cisterns, or between the Golgi cisterns and RER in the Golgi area, presumably play an intercommunication role in secretion products. The RER was highly oriented in almost parallel rows from both the Golgi area and nucleus to the cell margins, while small in the Golgi area. The RER had enlarged fenestrations than that of the Golgi cisterns. Minute ribosomes of about 28 nm were associated closely with the membrane surface of the RER facing the cytoplasmic matrix.
Animals↗
[Ultrastructural study of bone resorption in experimental periodontitis].
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Animals↗
[Three dimensional ultrastructure of the chondroid bone cell on the upper pharyngeal jaw in the fish, Cichasoma nigrofasiatumum].
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Animals↗
Environmental conditions favorable for tumor progression in peritoneal cavity induced by peritoneal cells without tumor selectivity.
The incidence of the lethal growth of 10(1) L1210 murine leukemia cells in mice was higher in intraperitoneal (i.p.) (97%) than in intradermal (i.d.) (17%) inoculation, and survival time of mice was shorter in i.p. than i.d. inoculation. It was supposed that resident peritoneal cells (PC) enhanced tumor progression. I.d. inoculation of 10(1) L1210 cells mixed with 10(6) PC induced a lethal tumor growth at higher incidence than that of 10(1) L1210 cells alone or the mixture of 10(1) L1210 cells and 10(4) peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) did. Furthermore, co-inoculation of a tumorigenic number of L1210 cells (10(3] with 10(6) PC resulted in marked shortening of median survival time of mice. Similar growth enhancing effect of PC was observed in Meth 1 fibrosarcoma. Meth A fibrosarcoma and colon carcinoma 26 (C26). Further study showed that PC, intact or X-rayed, helped the in vitro tumor growth under the conditions in which L1210 alone did not grow at all, whereas PBM had no enhancing effect to L1210 growth. We characterized the cells involved in tumor growth enhancement by the in vivo and in vitro tests. Plastic dish adherent cells of PC which were Mac-1 positive, large in size and resistant to X-ray, enhanced L1210 growth, whereas non-adherent cells which were Mac-1 negative and small in size, did not. These data suggest that the cells responsible for enhancing activity of tumor progression in the peritoneal cavity were macrophages (M phi).
Animals↗
Cardiac response to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.
In 54 subjects, cardiac function was investigated during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with a Holter electrocardiorecorder. The heart rate of patients who were premedicated with an anticholinergic agent increased more than did that of patients who received no premedication. In the group who received no anticholinergic premedication, sinus tachycardia was evident during endoscopy, but the only clinically important change was in one patient who converted to atrial flutter from atrial fibrillation. The heart rate increased during endoscopy among patients undergoing the procedure for the first time, but it did not increase in the patients who had previously undergone endoscopy. These results show that endoscopy is a relatively safe examination from the view point of cardiac risk when performed without the administration of an anticholinergic agent, but that cardiac patients should be monitored carefully. The endoscopist should also take into consideration the psychological state of the examinees.
Adult↗
Clinical significance of gastric juice viscosity in peptic ulcer patients.
We developed a simple method of determining gastric juice viscosity using a cone plate viscometer and tested its clinical application in the staging of peptic ulcers. We found a significant positive correlation between viscosity and macromolecular glycoprotein concentration of gastric juice (P less than 0.001). Gastric juice viscosity in active and healing gastric ulcer patients was significantly lower than that in the scarring stage or hospital control patients (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.01, respectively). In duodenal ulcer patients, a significant difference was found between the active and healing stages and hospital controls (P less than 0.01). However, the difference between the active and healing stages and the scarring stage was not significant. Gastric juice viscosity is a simple, reliable, clinically useful measure.
Adolescent↗
The effect of a new gastric proton pump inhibitor on serotonin-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats.
The anti-ulcer effect of NC-1300, a new proton pump inhibitor, and its effect on gastric mucosal blood flow were studied in rats. Acute gastric mucosal lesions were induced by the subcutaneous administration of serotonin, 20 mg/kg. Using the electrolytically generated hydrogen gas clearance technique, it was determined that such gastric ulceration resulted mainly from a decrease in gastric mucosal blood flow. These lesions could be inhibited to a statistically significant extent by the intravenous administration of NC-1300, 20 mg/kg, which markedly inhibited gastric acid secretion. However, the serotonin-induced decrease in gastric mucosal blood flow could not be prevented by pretreatment with 20 mg/kg of NC-1300. It was concluded that protection against serotonin-induced gastric ulceration can be achieved by markedly inhibiting gastric acid secretion.
2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
Transformation by viral and cellular oncogenes of a mouse BALB/3T3 cell mutant resistant to transformation by chemical carcinogens.
The mouse cell line MO-5 is resistant to transformation by various chemical carcinogens and also by UV irradiation (C. Yasutake, Y. Kuratomi, M. Ono, S. Masumi, and M. Kuwano, Cancer Res. 47:4894-4899, 1987). Northern (RNA) blot analysis showed active expression of ras and myc genes in MO-5 and BALB/3T3 cells. The effect of transfection of various oncogenes on transformation was compared in MO-5 cells and parental BALB/3T3 cells. Activated c-H-ras, c-N-ras, and v-mos gene induced transformation foci of MO-5 and BALB/3T3. Introduction of the polyomavirus middle T-antigen (mTag) or the Rous sarcoma virus-related oncogene v-src, however, efficiently transformed BALB/3T3 but not MO-5 cells. Expression and phosphorylation of mTag and the associated c-src proteins were observed in mTag-transfected clones of MO-5 as in BALB/3T3 and phosphorylation of the src protein was observed in v-src-transfected BALB/3T3 and MO-5 clones. Hybrids between mTag- or v-src-induced transformants of BALB/3T3 and untransformed MO-5 maintained the transformation phenotype, suggesting that no dominant suppressor of transformation exists in MO-5. A hybrid clone between BALB/3T3 and MO-5 induced efficient transformation foci after transfection with the mTag gene, suggesting that the deficient transformation phenotype of MO-5 was recessive. Instead, some other alteration of MO-5, plausibly membrane function, might lead to abortive transformation by chemical carcinogens and also by mTag and the v-src gene product.
Animals↗
Bilateral tears of the retinal pigment epithelium.
This paper describes bilateral tears of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) which followed photocoagulation treatment of retinal pigment epithelial detachment (PED) in the right eye and which occurred spontaneously in the left eye. A 66-year-old Japanese male presented with PED approximately 4 X 6 disc diameters in size in his right eye, and one disc diameter in the left eye, both in the macular regions. The right PED was treated by placing a row of argon laser photocoagulation along the margin of the PED, with avoidance of the papillomacular bundle. Five days after treatment the PED enlarged peripherally beyond the coagulated site. Nineteen days later an RPE tear developed at the temporal edge of the detachment in the right eye. The remaining detached RPE retracted centrally, forming curled folds. About 40 days after the initial examination the patient complained of sudden reduction of vision in his left eye. At this time an enlargement of the PED was found in his left eye. One week after this examination a small RPE tear was found in the nasal border of the PED in the left eye. The tear in the left eye gradually developed centrally to the fovea.
Aged↗
Chronic alcohol abuse leads to gastric atrophy and decreased gastric secretory capacity: a histological and physiological study.
We performed morphological and physiological studies in 43 male patients with alcohol dependence (ALC) who had no other apparent lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract except atrophic and erosive gastritis. A gastric secretory study in which tetragastrin was used as the stimulant revealed that acid and pepsin secretion was less in ALC patients than in hospital controls (p less than 0.001). Endoscopic biopsy specimens of gastric mucosa from ALC patients revealed that atrophy of the gastric mucosa advanced with age. A strong negative correlation was also found between the secretory capacity of the stomach and the degree of atrophy. Possibly, the interval between recurrent episodes of acute mucosal damage was too short to allow complete healing of mucosal lesions. Failure to regenerate denuded epithelium would result in a decrease in the gastric secretory area. Thus, chronic alcohol abuse seems to be an etiological factor in atrophic gastritis.
Adult↗
Human trabecular meshwork organ culture.
Human trabecular meshwork obtained from postmortem eyes was maintained in organ culture condition up to 12 weeks. The explants were dissected into specimens of three different sizes. Types 1 and 2 specimens were larger than 4 mm square and 1 mm thick, and type 3 specimens were about 1 mm3. Each specimen was placed in a depression made in the center of an agar block and the block was placed in a plastic culture dish. The space between the agar block and the culture dish was filled with liquid medium consisting of MEM Eagle supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 10% chick embryo extract and 200 U/ml penicillin G. Afterwards, the explant was incubated in 5% CO2 with 100% humidity. Types 1 and 2 specimens maintained a normal appearance on electron microscopy during the entire 12 weeks of culture, while type 3 specimens showed marked cellular activation and cell loss soon after explantation. Morphometric studies regarding cell number in sections for light microscopy obtained from types 1 and 2 specimens revealed good preservation of trabecular cells during the 12 weeks of culture. Our culture system may be useful in investigating the direct effects produced on human trabecular meshwork by photocoagulation and various agents, for example anti-glaucoma drugs, steroids and viscoelastic materials.
Cadaver↗