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Biomedical subjects

K Scherer

Publications and source records attributed to K Scherer.

71 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[The value of ultra-sound examinations for tumours and hyperplasia of the adrenals (author's transl)].

The results of ultrasound examination of the adrenals in 76 patients are described. In ten patients, tumours were found and in five there was bilateral hyperplasia of the adrenals due to Cushing's syndrome; these were confirmed at operation or by autopsy or angiography. Two false positive and two false negative findings were corrected at operation. In 57 patients negative findings were confirmed by the subsequent clinical course. An accuracy of 88% in positive and 97% in negative findings is related to the composition of the clinical material and the size of the tumours. The value of sonography is compared with other methods of localisation.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

[The diagnosis of annular pancreas (author's transl)].

Annular pancreas is a rare congenital malformation of the gut; frequently it becomes manifest in adult life. The clinical picture and radiological appearances are dominated by stenosis of the duodenum. The only method for diagnosing annular pancreas up to the present was the barium meal. Its diagnostic accuracy, however, is limited. A knowledge of the characteristic radiological appearances is helpful unless other abnormalities confuse the interpretation. E.R.C.P. is an important advance in diagnosis. The diagnosis of annular pancreas can be made by demonstrating an accessory duct system. The literature is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Studies on the biliary excretion of the hepatotropic contrast media ioglycamate and iotroxinate in pigs and men (author's transl)].

The distribution and biliary excretion of two hepatotropic contrast media, Ioglycamate and Iotroxinate, has been studied in the anaesthetized pig in infusion experiments. The new substance Iotroxinate exceeds the Ioglycamate in two of the investigated parameters: it was excreted faster and reached a higher biliary concentration. The biliary transport maximum, however, was unchanged. On the basis of these experiments the new contrast medium Iotroxinate was tested in men.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Recurrency in primary duodenal carcinoma (author's transl)].

18 months after the operation (duodenectomy and partial pancreatectomy) a tumor recurrency is observed in a 64 years old patient with primary adenocarcinoma of the duodenum. The roentgen diagnostic shows a partial destruction of the upper jejunal loops combined with a free passage.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Nurse practitioners in primary care. VII. A cohort study of 99 nurses and 79 associated physicians.

Long-term surveillance of the employment experience and developing roles of 99 nurses and 79 associated physicians who participated in the first 5 years of the McMaster University educational program for family practice nurses was undertaken with a descriptive survey. Data were gathered by mailed questionnaires; a 97.8% response rate was attained. Sociodemographic profiles of both groups and characteristics of the practice setting where copractitioner teams functioned were determined. Selected noteworthy results show that 92.7% of the nurses were currently employed, and that 82.5% of the graduates continued in their original practice. Nurses' time invested in patient care activities increased by 105%; time devoted to clerical and housekeeping duties decreased by 42%. Changes in roles for both categories of copractitioners were important. The interdisciplinary arrangements resulted in appreciable financial disadvantages to physicians and only modest income incentives to nurses. A series of successes of the model of practice under assessment has been identified; offsetting ongoing difficulties and problems have also been enumerated. The data from this project and preceding studies can facilitate the solution of unresolved problems on the basis of evidence rather than opinion.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The ultrasonically guided puncture of the gallbladder in amimals. A new methodological procedure for a simple and non-surgical collection of gallbladder bile.

In 4 piglets the gallbladder was punctured under sonographic control threetimes during a period of 46 days. Each puncture was proved by X-ray controls after application of 2-4 ml of a water soluble contrast medium. One day after the third puncture all animals were killed in order to look for macroscopic or microscopic lesions of the gallbladder, the adjacent liver tissue and the peritoneum resulting from the experimental procedure. The results indicate that the ultrasonically guided puncture of the gallbladder represents a procedure to obtain pure bile samples in the piglet or animals of similar size in a simple and non surgical and, therefore, most physiological manner.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Sonography and conventional radiography for post-operative local infections in the upper abdomen (author's transl)].

The findings on sonography and radiography were compared in 32 patients with abscesses or empyemas in the upper abdomen following surgery. Sonography demonstrated each of eight liver abscesses, eleven of 21 upper abdominal empyemas and three abscesses or empyemas in other positions. Corresponding figures for radiography were five out of eight liver abscesses, 16 out of 21 upper abdominal empyemas and one of the remaining lesions. The methods are complimentary. Sonography demonstrates fluidfilled cavities, radiography shows particularly the presence of extraluminal gas. Recommendations are made for the proper sequence of these diagnostic measures.

Empyema↗
PubMed1977

[Diagnostic radiology for tumors for the small intestine(author's transl)].

The fractionated gastrointestinal tract presents technical problems which result in a large number of diagnostic errors in regard to tumors of the small intestine. Pharmacoradiologic processes and Sellink's sounding method deal successfully with these problems. The methods were described and their advantages for tumor diagnostics in the small intestine were stressed. The mesenteric angiography is important as an alternative and supplementary examination for small intestine diagnostics. Indications and interpretation possibilities were described.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1976

[The angiographic investigation of duodenal tumours (author's transl)].

The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of primary duodenal carcinomas by conventional radiological methods is difficult. Valuable information can be obtained by angiography, since primary duodenal carcinomas, unlike carcinomas of the papilla and pancreas, are characterised by the formation of pathological vessels arising from the duodenal branches of the gastro-duodenal artery. The integrity of the latter is an important differentiating feature. Exact localisation of the tumour is important in pre-operative assessment and diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gd-DTPA-cascade-polymer: potential blood pool contrast agent for MR imaging.

Gadolinium-DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid)-cascade-polymer, a potential new blood pool contrast agent for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, was compared with a known blood pool agent, Gd-DTPA-polylysine, in an animal model. The relative signal intensities of liver, renal cortex, pancreas, and trunk muscle were assessed in 12 pigs between 4 seconds and 120 minutes after injection of a 20 mumol/kg dose of each contrast agent, by using a FLASH (fast low-angle shot) sequence. Except for muscle, all tissues showed visible enhancement after injection of either contrast agent. After injection of Gd-DTPA-polymer, enhancement patterns in the liver, renal cortex, and pancreas were similar to those seen after injection of Gd-DTPA-polylysine. No statistically significant differences in enhancement between the two contrast agents were found at any time point. The authors conclude that the contrast kinetics of Gd-DTPA-cascade-polymer are similar to those of Gd-DTPA-polylysine and that this agent may also be used as a blood pool contrast agent for MR imaging.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Drug monitoring and viral response to lopinavir/ritonavir or saquinavir/ritonavir containing regimens in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

The aim of this study was to correlate results of therapeutic drug monitoring, genotypic resistance and viral response to lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) or saquinavir/ritonavir (SQV/r) containing antiretroviral regimens. The retrospective short-term study included 20 patients with LPV/r and 20 patients with SQV/r containing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). At baseline 7 LPV/r patients and 10 SQV/r patients had CD4+T cell counts above 410 cells/microl. After 6 months CD4+T cells had doubled in 5 LPV/r and 2 SQV/r patients. In LPV/r patients the mean serum concentration of lopinavir (LPV) was 2.6 ppm and 67% of all LPV/r samples had 50 or fewer viral copies/ml. In SQV/r patients the mean serum concentration of saquinavir (SQV) was 2.1 ppm. 79% of all SQV/r samples had 50 or fewer viruses/ml. Pharmacoenhanced regimens efficiently suppress human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and the risk of developing resistance mutations is therefore reduced. The implementation of drug monitoring is an additional tool to determine optimal treatment conditions.

Adult↗