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Biomedical subjects

K Schelstraete

Publications and source records attributed to K Schelstraete.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Salicylate-induced occult gastrointestinal blood loss: comparison between different oral and parenteral forms of acetylsalicylates and salicylates.

Gastrointestinal fecal blood loss, determined by injecting 51Cr-labelled autologous red blood cells, was measured in 191 orthopaedic patients after oral or parenteral intake of different forms of acetylsalicylates or salicylates. Oral or parenteral administration of non-acetylated salicylates caused nearly no gastrointestinal bleeding, but the anti-inflammatory activity of these products can be questioned since they cannot inhibit prostaglandin synthetase. Buffered, soluble forms of acetylsalicylates caused gastrointestinal bleeding in more than 50% of the patients. However, enteric-coated and intravenous forms resulted in significantly less gastrointestinal bleeding. For both preparations a relationship between serum salicylate level and amount of fecal blood loss was found in the group of "bleeders" (an upper limit of physiological blood loss could definitely be determined by this method). The findings suggested a similar mode of action of enteric-coated and intravenous acetylsalicylates on gastric mucosa through a systemic action. It was concluded that in long-term anti-inflammatory salicylate treatment, enteric-coated forms are probably the galenic form of first choice.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

Epsilon amino caproic acid myopathy: additional features.

In a patient with a proximal myopathy due to Epsilon Amino Caproic Acid (EACA) bedrest led to marked improvement even before withdrawal of the drug. A biopsy showed a selective necrosis of type I fibers. Plasma level of EACA was low and plasma level of lysine was normal. A 99mTechnetium-MDP showed marked uptake in the affected muscles, whereas a 67Gallium scan was negative.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1982

Visualization of muscles involved in unilateral tremor using 13N-ammonia and positron emission tomography.

Using positron emission computerized tomography (PCT), a high uptake of IV injected 13N-ammonia was observed in the muscles of the right forearm and leg of a patient with a rightsided static tremor. In some muscles the concentration of 13NH3 was 8.5 times higher than in the symmetrical normal limb. Confrontation of the clinical, neurological, and electromyographic findings with the results of the PCT proved that the muscles with the high uptake corresponded to the muscles responsible for the tremulous movements. There is strong evidence that the high uptake of 13NH3 was related to the increased blood flow produced by the continuous rhythmic exercise of the muscles involved in the tremor. To our knowledge a similar observation has not been described before. It is suggested that the combined use of suitable positron emitters and PCT might provide a valuable tool for the noninvasive study of perfusion of individual skeletal muscles.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Gastrointestinal blood loss after intake of benoxaprofen.

In order to study gastrointestinal irritation caused by the intake of Benoxaprofen, blood loss in stools before and after intake of the drug was measured by labelling red blood cells with 51Cr. The results were compared with previous studies in which the same method was used to determine fecal blood loss after intake of other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Anti-inflammatory drugs inhibiting prostaglandin synthetase caused abnormal fecal blood loss in 20 to 60% of the patients. Benoxaprofen which is a weak prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor and acts on the leukotrienes, entailed no abnormal fecal blood loss. It was concluded that with respect to microbleeding, Benoxaprofen had no harmful effect on the gastrointestinal tract in this population.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1982

Ga-67 imaging in Hodgkin's disease.

In order to answer the question if Ga-67 imaging has a practical utility for the management of the patient with Hodgkin's disease, 108 scans performed on 60 patients were reviewed. When used during the initial staging of the disease or during restaging because of recurrences, Ga-67 imaging-at least in our experience-gave many false negative results in the cervical, axillary and inguinal areas, whereas the majority of true positive scans was found at the mediastinal level (including the lower mediastinum), and also in the lung parenchyma and the upper epigastric regions. Because of its lack of sensitivity, Ga-67 imaging cannot replace other staging procedures, but nevertheless is a valuable adjunctive test, as it can identify tumor localization that may have remained undetected by other methods. Fifty-four scans were performed to monitor treatment with radiation therapy or chemotherapeutic agents. Disappearance or decreases of Ga-67 uptake after treatment usually corresponded to a disappearance or regression of the tumor as ascertained by other methods. When the treatment was shown to be ineffective, Ga-67 uptake persisted or even became more prominent. When during follow-up, a new concentration of Ga-67 appeared at the original location or elsewhere, a relapse was extremely likely. However, one must be aware of false positive images. In our material, no correlation was found between the intensity of the Ga-67 uptake and the histological subtypes of Hodgkin's disease. Neither did we observe any relation to the blood sedimentation rate or serum iron levels.

False Negative Reactions↗
PubMed1982

Abnormal Tl-201 limb scan due to unilateral tremor.

A abnormal intra- and interextremity distribution pattern on Tl-201 was observed on the limb scan of a patient with a unilateral tremor. This is ascribed to the increased blood flow in the muscles responsible for the tremor. The suggestion is made that the existence of tremor should be considered as a possible explanation for unexpected abnormalities on Tl-201 limb scintigrams.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Uptake of 13N-ammonia by human tumours as studied by positron emission tomography.

Tumour uptake of 13N-labelled ammonia was studied by means of positron emission computerised axial tomography in 46 patients with various extensive neoplastic conditions. Eleven of the patients have been followed sequentially before, during and after radio- and/or chemotherapeutic treatment. Substantial accumulation of 13NH3 (up to five times the amount found in comparable normal tissues) was noted in some cases of breast cancer and their metastases, as well as in soft tissue sarcomas, in malignant neck nodes secondary to head and neck tumours, in lung tumours and their metastases, in melanomas, in malignant lymphomas, in metastasis prostatic carcinoma and in the case of ovarian carcinoma examined. Little or no extra uptake of 13NH3 was found ion necrotic or non-malignant tumours or in primary brain tumours, or in some primary breast cancer which otherwise appeared well vascularized and actively growing. In those patients who were followed sequentially, 13NH3 uptake could be seen to decrease with tumour regression. However, during the course of a radiotherapeutic treatment a transitory increase of 13NH3 uptake could be observed. If the therapy had not been successful, 13NH3 uptake was found to persist after treatment. Uptake of 13NH3 in tumours is to be regarded as the result of a complex interaction of both circulatory and metabolic influences. Studies using more specific tracers of flow and tissue metabolism will probably help to unravel the contributory physiological components.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Short dialysis with a polyacrylonitrilmembrane (RP 6) without the use of a closed recirculating dialyzate delivery system.

Because of excessive eltrafiltration (UF), the RP 6 dialyzer requires a closed recirculating dialyzate delivery system. The purpose of this study is to present the characteristics of the RP 6 dialyzer on a single needle system which programs the UF rate of this dialyzer. The single needle system consists of one blood pu-mp and two roller pump heads, switched on and off at preselected maximum and minimum out let pressures (OP). It is possible to decrease the UF rate by lowering the OP in the bubble trap chamber. By varying OP from 0 to 100 mm Hg, we obtained an UF rate in vitro of 6.5 ml per minute. The clearance values, in ml/min, obtained at OP 0 to -100 NN Hg, QB 300 and QD 500 are (in ml/min): urea: 160.0, creatinine: 145.0, sucrose-C14: 105.4, sodiumiothalamate-i125: 79.9, cyanocobalamin-co58: 73.7 and inulin-3H: 40.7. The priming volume (corn-oil) at OP 0 to -100 MM Hg, QB 250, QD 500 varies between 140 ml (at the minimum OP) and 150 ml (at the maximum OP). We performed 370 dialyses. The dialysis runs were well tolerated: moderate hypotension occurred in 4% and cramps in 1.6% of the dialyses. In most cases no fluid perfusion was necessary. The residual blood volume (Technetium99m) is estimated at 8.2 ml(n equale 11).

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Salicylate-induced gastrointestinal bleeding: comparison between soluble buffered, enteric-coated, and intravenous administration.

Serum salicylate levels and blood loss in stools were compared in 94 patients after intake of various forms of acetylsalicylate. Four different oral soluble forms, an enteric-coated variety and an intravenous form were evaluated. Analysis of the results of blood loss measurement in stools showed that salicylate users could be divided into "bleeders" and "non-bleeders". Administration of enteric-coated and intravenous forms of salicylates showed less blood less than ingestion of soluble forms. Only after administration of enteric-coated or intravenous forms of salicylates was a relationship between serum salicylate level and blood loss in stools observed in "bleeders". This suggests a similar mode of action of both these preparations on gastric mucosa. We conclude that enteric-coated forms of salicylates cause gastrointestinal bleeding by a systemic action on gastric mucosa.

Aspirin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Isotope studies in the detection of pulmonary embolism].

The regional absence of perfusion in the territory situated downstream of a lung embolus can be visualized using a gamma camera and 99m Technetium labelled macroaggregated albumin of albumin microspheres. This is a simple and atraumatic procedure. Following intravenous injection these particles are blocked in the pulmonary capillaries, their distribution in the lungs being proportional to the regional perfusion. A normal perfusion scan virtually excludes pulmonary embolism. Pulmonary embolism typically causes a wedge shaped perfusion defect at one or more sites. However, a regional perfusion defect by itself can not be regarded as a specific sign of pulmonary embolism, since it may be found in many other lung diseases. In most pulmonary diseases matched perfusion and ventilation defects are found. In the case of pulmonary embolism ventilation is usually normal in the ischemic area. To differentiate pulmonary embolism from other lung diseases, a ventilation scan is therefore mandatory in addition to the perfusion scan. For this purpose radioactive inert gases such as 81mKrypton or 133Xenon may be used, or aerosols labelled with 99mTechnetium. Each of these methods has its own advantages and shortcomings. Criteria which may be helpful for the interpretation of combined ventilation/perfusion scans are presented.

Humans↗