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Biomedical subjects

K Schaller

Publications and source records attributed to K Schaller.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Effect of long-term therapy with prazosin/propranolol on blood pressure and cardiopulmonary function in essential hypertension].

In 25 hypertensives (42 +/- years), predominantly at stage I according to WHO-criteria, by the application of daily 5 +/- 4 mg prazosine and as combination of 9 +/- 6 mg with 73 +/- 31 mg propranolol the blood pressure normalized itself from on an average 183 to 148 mgHg systolically and 113 to 93 mgHg diastolically. In a long-term experiment confirmable also echocardiographically prazosine alone decreased the afterload of the heart in an unchanged high energy requirement at rest, and in a submaximal ergostasis the aerobic metabolic situation deteriorated. This could again be balanced by the combination with propranolol, whereby oxygen pulse, product of the pressure frequency and PWC 130 even improved. Function and size of the left ventricle remained echocardiographically uninfluenced in the two forms of therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Ambulatory therapy regimen in patients following myocardial infarct in relation to echocardiography and the stress test].

In 105 patients at the age of 32-80 years after myocardial infarction the therapy with glycoside, diuretics and coronary pharmaca was analysed in dependence upon anamnesis, clinical treatment, ergometric and echocardiographic findings in the period from the discharge from the hospital to the first year. While glycosides, diuretics and nitrates were frequently prescribed unchanged, the intake of the beta-blockers increased from 19 to 28 per cent and that of the calcium antagonists from 21 to 39 per cent for the first year. In glycosides and diuretics the possible disadvantages of a withdrawal trial in clinically and paraclinically compensated patients were more taken into consideration than the side effects by uncritical administration. On the other hand, the advantages of the beta-receptor blockers and calcium antagonists were obviously not yet exhaustively used.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1988

[Relation of elevated ST segment in the electrocardiogram to echocardiography determined wall kinetics in patients after myocardial infarct].

The connection of ECG findings and disturbances of the kinetics after myocardial infarction was controlled on 104 patients in correlation to the echocardiography. The investigations were performed at discharge from hospital and in the 3rd month after infarction by means of ECG at rest and exercise electrocardiogramme as well as echocardiography. In this case was shown that the elevation of the ST-segment after anterior-wall infarction was above all the expression of an ischaemia and was in most cases accompanied by an akinesia of the anterior wall. Only patients with a precordial ST-elevation over 2 mm at rest with increase to more than 4 mm under exercise or patients with a smaller ST-elevation, but a symptom-limited performance to 50 Watt, connected with ST-elevation, ventricular extrasystoles or pathological diastolic pressure of the pulmonary arteries as withdrawal criterion belonged to the group with dyskinesias and aneurysms, respectively.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Effective use of study procedures using instruments in infarct patients before discharge from the clinic].

81 males and 23 females after myocardial infarction at the age of 61 +/- 12 and 69 +/- years, respectively, were examined at the end of the stay in the clinic and after one year by means of ergometry and echocardiography. While at the discharge from the clinic the females reached maximally only 50 Watt, 34.7% of the males transgressed this achievement. Also in the watt pulse and in the product of the pressure frequency these patients reached high values, less frequently showed pathological ST segments under exercise and echocardiographical revealed a smaller left ventricle, a greater shortening fraction as well as more insignificant disturbances of the kinetics. This group-typical behaviour remained up to the first year. In patients with pathological diastolic pressure of the pulmonary artery at rest in 8% the latent left heart insufficiency could clinical not be recognized and in those patients with pathological pressure under exercise 54% finished the ergometry without any other recognizable reasons of discontinuation. Finally, the patients who died up to the first year belonged to the group with complications in the intensive care unit, with high resting pulse rate, pathological diastolic pressure of the pulmonary artery, large left ventricle as well as left atrium and low shortening fraction at rest and low watt-number, when discharged from hospital.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Long-term behavior of echocardiography findings of the left ventricle following myocardial infarct].

110 patients at the age of 62.5 +/- 10.7 years were echocardiographically investigated by means of M-mode and section-picture on the 6th and 27th day as well as 3 and 12 months after the infarction. In all investigations patients with anterior wall infarctions showed lower systolic thickenings of the septum, disturbances of the kinetics of the anterior wall of higher degree and up to the 3rd month a compensatorily increased systolic thickening of the posterior wall. Up to the 1st year this was replaced by an increasing hypertrophy of the posterior wall. After a posterior wall infarction the systolic thickening of the posterior wall and the disturbance of the kinetics had less clear results so that compensation mechanisms in the anterior wall were not proved.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Long-term ergometry and echocardiography results in patients following acute myocardial infarct with the best possible completion of rehabilitation phase I in accordance with the indications].

55 patients (43 males at the age of 60.3 +/- 10.8 years and 12 females at the age of 71.6 +/- 8.4 years) with earliest possible end of the rehabilitation phase I after acute myocardial infarction beginning with the end of the second week were as to their ergometric and echocardiographic parameters compared with an identical control group with usual duration of mobilisation. When discharged from hospital and one year after infarction they obtained with 50 to 23 and 72-26 watt respectively, the same numbers of watt as the patients of the control group. In the two groups the increase in vitality after the first year was obtained exclusively by men. In a short duration of phase I of two weeks they obtained the most favourable values with regard to number of watt, product of pressure rate, diastolic pulmonary pressure, diameter of left ventricle and atrium as well as to the shortening fraction at discharge from hospital and one year after infarction. The values were identical to those in the control group with usual duration of the rehabilitation phase I.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Timely execution of the first stress test in patients with acute myocardial infarct].

110 patients with acute myocardial infarction who survived the acute phase were individually randomized into the groups A and B. The two groups were identical with regard to age, sex, risk factors before the infarction, localization of the infarction, complications on the intensive care unit, therapy when being taken over from the intensive care unit and stay on the intensive care unit. With the same frequency in lethality (5.5% each) and morbidity (25.0% to 28.8%) the patients undergoing rehabilitation of group B significantly earlier underwent the first functional test (20.5 +/- 8.4 to 32.7 +/- 10.8 days). In group B this was possible in 21% of the patients after 2 weeks, in 46% after 3 weeks and in 21% after 4 weeks. An age over 60 years, the heart insufficiency in the acute phase and a dilated or dyskinetic left ventricle at the end of the acute phase had a prolonging effect on the provisional plan of time, when the patient was taken over from the intensive care unit. Of the complications during the rehabilitation phase I particularly Dressler's syndrome and the heart insufficiency prolonged the time up to the first functional test, whereas haemodynamically ineffective disturbances of rhythm show an insignificant influence.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1986

[Behavior of contractile and functional cardiac parameters of patients in the early stage of type I diabetes mellitus].

The echocardiographically obtained data for contractility and function of the heart showed that patients with type I diabetes mellitus known up to 1 year at the age of 29 +/- 7 years showed more unfavourable parameters concerning the contraction fraction of the two chambers and the ejection fraction of the left ventricle and had also a larger diastolic diameter of the posterior wall, those patients were compared with persons with healthy metabolism aged 43 +/- 2 years. Since the two groups did not show any evidences as to cardiovascular diseases, the echocardiographic results might be explained as early symptoms of a diabetic cardiopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Psychological development up to the 1st year following acute myocardial infarct in relation to physical and social rehabilitation].

In 64 patients with definitive myocardial infarction the development of the neurotic-functional disturbances up to the 12th month after myocardial infarction depending upon the duration of the rehabilitation phase I, the physical functional capacity, the cardiovascular morbidity and the professional rehabilitation was examined by means of the standardized questionnaire of complaints and the questionnaire of behaviour after Hess and Höck. The great proportion of psychic disturbances (questionnaire of complaints = 39%, questionnaire of behaviour = 33%) after admission of the patients from the intensive care unit had reduced spontaneously by 1/3 both in a 5-6 weeks and in a 3 weeks duration of the phase I without fully decreasing to the level of the average population. In these cases patients with low watt energy up to the 3rd month showed more frequently neuroses, whereas cardiovascular complications, the enlargement of the left ventricle and the unsolved situation of the professional rehabilitation increased the number of neuroses in rehabilitands in phase III. The investigations confirmed the connection of physical and social with psychic rehabilitation, particularly the use of the further shortening of the early mobilisation in suitable patients for their psychic stability. But the results of the study also emphasize the necessity of the early beginning psychotherapy, in order to prevent neurotic developments after myocardial infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

School absence among children with chronic illness.

This paper reports school attendance for 336 chronically ill, Medicaid-eligible children living in rural areas of northern Florida. Demographic data were obtained by a questionnaire administered in a home interview. Attendance data were collected directly from the schools. The mean number of days absent the previous year was 16.9; the mean percentage of days absent was 9.4%. Regression analysis indicated that lower education level of parents and the child's inability to participate in physical activities were significant in predicting days missed from school. No individual diagnostic category was predictive of school absence. Thus, the chronicity of an illness and its impact on the child may be a more significant influence on school attendance than the actual diagnosis of the illness.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1984

[Results and value of a submaximal and symptom-limited stress test in the 3d week following acute myocardial infarct].

In the third week after acute, definitive myocardial infarction in 45 patients (34 males, 11 females) at an average age of 63 years a submaximal and symptom-limited, respectively, exercise test was performed. With 57 watt and a watt pulse of 0.53 the males reached significantly higher performances than the females. 17 patients who had to finish the test above all on account of the transition of the submaximal heart rate showed a high performance of more than 50 watt. On the other hand, patients showed low performances who in the acute phase had transient, medicamentously controllable bradytachycardias, right cardiac insufficiency or depression of the blood pressure or finished the test on account of the depression and the elevation, respectively, of the ST segment. In the first year died 5 patients who all were older than 70 years and had shown low performances between 25 and 50 watt in the exercise test of the third week, connected with depressions of the ST segment of higher degree.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1984

[Behavior of pulmonary artery pressure during ergometer stress in sitting position in patients with ischemic heart disease].

In 40 patients (33 men, 7 women) at the age of 62 +/- 9 years with acute definitive myocardial infarction after the end of the rehabilitation phase I a Pulmoflex catheter was introduced through an arm vein into the pulmonary artery. After having measured the rest values in lying position the systolic, diastolic, end-diastolic and mean pressure of the pulmonary artery in sitting position were established. After this the continuous pressure determination during increasing ergometer loading in sitting position was performed. At the transition into sitting position the systolic pressure of the pulmonary artery decreased by on an average 4 Torr, while the diastolic and end-diastolic values remained constant. In the trend the mean value decreased by 2 Torr. During the ergometry the pressure values could be recorded in good quality. With increasing load all measuring values continuously increased. Thus it was possible to determine the blood pressure in the pulmonary artery during the ergometer load in the physiological and for the practice more evident sitting position.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1982

[The effect of beta-receptor blockers and cardiac glycosides on the heart rate, systolic blood pressure and ST interval in submaximal ergometer exertion].

14 males at the age of 49 +/- 6.4 years with condition after myocardial infarction were loaded on the bicycle ergometer according to the criteria of the WHO. After injection of a beta-receptor blocker at the submaximal functional level the product of the pressure frequency decreased by 25% and the watt-pulse increased by 17%. The oxygen pulse and the respiratory quotient remained constant. An additional injection of glycosides did not significantly change these parameters. At the same time no falsely positive evidence concerning the behaviour of the ST-distance as criterium of withdrawal was provoked. The results of the submaximal and symptom-limited function were not falsified in the therapy with beta-receptor-blockers and glycosides, when the criteria of withdrawal recommended by the WHO are used unchangedly.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Colicin M is an inhibitor of murein biosynthesis.

Colicin M inhibited the incorporation of DL + meso-2,6-diamino[3,4,5-3H]pimelic acid into the murein (peptidoglycan) of growing cells of Escherichia coli W7 dap lys. The inhibition of the UDP-N-acetylmuramyl pentapeptide-dependent incorporation of UDP-N-acetyl-D-[U-14C]glucosamine into isolated cell envelopes indicated interference with a late step of murein biosynthesis. After the inhibition of murein biosynthesis, cells lysed, and they released lysis products of murein. In vitro, the murein biosynthesis of colicin M-tolerant mutants (tolM) was inhibited by colicin M. Therefore, tolerance is probably conferred by an impaired uptake of an altered fixation close to the target site and not by a mutation of the target itself. Preliminary studies with beta-lactam antibiotics and with mutants in penicillin-binding proteins did not reveal a specific enzymatic step inhibited by colicin M. The unique action among the colicins renders colicin M a potentially useful tool for studying murein biosynthesis.

Amdinocillin↗
PubMed1982

In vitro antibacterial activity of different clotrimazole formulations.

The antibacterial activity of two different clotrimazole formulations was tested in vitro. A neutral vaginal tablet with 100 mg active ingredient has a partial bactericidal effect on gram-positive bacteria. A new formula containing 500 mg clotrimazole and lactic acid, designed for a one-dose therapy of vulvovaginal mycoses, shows an improved bactericidal activity against gram-positive bacteria and, owing to the lactic acid content, a broad bactericidal effect on gram-negative species.

Bacteria↗