Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Satoh

Publications and source records attributed to K Satoh.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Comparison of 99mTc-technegas scintigraphy and high resolution CT in pulmonary emphysema].

This study was undertaken to assess the usefulness of technetium-99m technegas scintigraphy axial images (technegas) compared with high resolution CT (HRCT) in 12 patients with pulmonary emphysema. All patients were male adult and heavy smokers and their mean age was 65. All patients inhaled 505 MBq technegas in several tidal volume breaths in the supine position without breath holding. SPECT imaging was performed by a Picker model Prism 2000. HRCT was performed after technegas. The technegas images showed different degree of changes from areas of heterogeneity to hot spots or defects. In emphysema, HRCT images showed low attenuation areas varying in size and number. In 4 of 12 patients, the degree of abnormal findings on technegas increased according to the degree of abnormal findings on HRCT. In the remaining 8 patients, however, more detailed findings were shown by technegas than by HRCT. There was no patients in which HRCT showed a greater changes than on technegas. HRCT can demonstrate low attenuation areas, even less than 5 mm in diameter. Moreover previous reports showed that aerosol inhalation would also demonstrate the airway disease. Assessment of the degree of involvement revealed by both methods indicated the superiority of technegas over HRCT. We conclude that technegas can represent the ventilation involvement easily more than HRCT in pulmonary emphysema.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Prediction of postoperative pulmonary function using 99mTc-MAA perfusion lung SPECT].

In order to predict postoperative pulmonary function, 99mTc-MAA perfusion lung SPECT and spirometry were performed preoperatively in 52 patients with resectable primary lung cancer; 44 underwent lobectomy, eight pneumonectomy. Local pulmonary function (called local effective volume) was evaluated according to the degree of radionuclide distribution of each voxel in the SPECT images. The total effective volume was defined as the sum of the local effective volume, and the residual effective volume was the total effective volume excluding loss after operation. Predicted pulmonary function (VC and FEV1.0) was calculated by the following formula: Predicted value = preoperative value x percent of the residual effective volume. Postoperative pulmonary function was predicted in the same patients by means of 99mTc-MAA perfusion lung planar scintigraphy and X-ray CT. The patients were reinvestigated with spirometry at one and four months after surgery, and the values were compared with the predicted values. The correlations between the predicted values using SPECT and measured postoperative pulmonary function were highly significant (VC: r = 0.867, FEV1.0: r = 0.864 one month after operation; VC: r = 0.860, FEV1.0: r = 0.907 4 months after operation). The predicted values calculated using SPECT were accurate compared with the predicted values calculated using planar scintigraphy or X-ray CT. The patients with predicted FEV1.0 of less than 0.8 liter required home oxygen therapy. This method is valuable for the prediction of postoperative pulmonary function before the surgical procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Differential diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules by computerized statistical analysis using CT number].

There have been previous reports on the differentiation of benign pulmonary nodules from malignant ones using CT number. However, most of the nodules were without calcification, and diagnosis could be made only in limited cases. In the present study we established new multiple variables such as relative high density over the 75th percentile, inner gradient number (inner irregular rate), edge gradient number (edge irregular rate) and increased area rate (IAR). They are automatically calculated from CT data by computer. These variables are transformed into relative values, enabling comparisons of nodules without a standard reference phantom. With IAR, pulmonary nodules were classified into three types: type 1 (IAR 1.0-1.4), a high-density solid mass with well-defined margin; type 2 (IAR 1.4-2.0) between type 1 and type 3; and type 3 (IAR > 2.0) a low-density infiltrated mass with ill-defined margin. We studied 52 cases with solitary pulmonary nodules, whose diagnoses were confirmed either histologically or on follow-up. There were 34 benign nodules and 18 primary lung cancers. Using step-wise multiple regression with three variables, 42 of 52 cases were correctly diagnosed. Twenty-four of 28 type 1 cases and all 14 of type 2 cases were correctly diagnosed. This computer analysis is considered to be useful in distinguishing between benign and malignant solitary pulmonary nodules.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Establishment of metastatic sub-clone from estrogen independent Ishikawa cells and its characterization in vitro and in vivo].

An estrogen (E) independent sub-clone (EIIL) was separated from a human endometrial carcinoma cell line, Ishikawa, by culturing the wild type under an E free condition for 350 days. The cells were then implanted into nude mice subcutaneously and tumors allowed to develop for 35 days. The primary lesions were then excised to stimulate recurrence. One animal developed recurrence with multiple distant metastases. The primary tumor and metastatic tumors from the animal were studied for ErbB-2 expression by immunohystochemical techniques or by a reverse transcription followed by polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Expressions of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors, aromatase, nidogen, E receptors, hepatocyte growth factors (HGF) and beta-actin were also examined. The results showed that metastatic lesions expressed high levels of ErbB-2, nidogen and aromatase but unchanged levels of EGF receptors and HGF. The metastatic lesions expressed one third of the E receptors which were detected in the EIIL in vitro. These observations suggest that a decrease in ER along with increased expression of nidogen and aromatase is associated with the process of metastasis and the model appears to be of value in studying the process of the acquisition of a metastatic phenotype.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Estramustine phosphate, estrogen conjugated with nitrogen mustard inhibits the growth of endometrial cancer cells in vitro].

Estra-1,3,5 (10)-triene-3,17-diol (17 beta)-, 3-[bis(2-chloroethyl) carbamate] (Estramustine EM) was tested for its anticancer effect on human endometrial cancer cell lines: Ishikawa and its estrogen (E) independent sub-clone EIIL (Estrogen Independent Ishikawa Line). The results showed: (1) EM inhibited growth of both cell lines in a dose dependent manner giving ID50 for Ishikawa as 12 microM and for EIIL as 65 microM. (2) The addition of EM to the culture medium caused cell detachment and death associated with a breakdown of DNA to approximately 90 base pair fragments. (3) Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to examine expressions of c-erbB-2, nidogen and fas showed that EM completely abolished fas expression and resulted in a 40% decrease in nidogen expression in Ishikawa but not in EIIL. No change was seen in c-erbB-2 expression. The present data indicate that the E component of EM does not stimulate the growth of Ishikawa or EIIL. Since the growth of both cell lines was inhibited but apparently in an E receptor (ER) dependent manner, EM may be of value in an adjuvant therapy for endometrial cancer, especially an ER positive one.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

[Detection of platelet aggregates using light scattering].

Platelets play an important role in hemostasis and thrombosis. Evaluation of platelet function provides useful information on the diagnosis and cure of diseases associated with hemostasis and thrombosis. Among various platelet functions, platelet aggregometry is most widely used in clinical application. Platelet aggregation has been assessed by measuring the changes in the optical density of the platelet suspensions. However, this method has several shortcomings such as failure to detect the formation of small aggregates and lack of correlation between aggregate formation and changes in optical density. Thus, we have developed a new method of platelet aggregometry based on light scattering. This device emits laser beams against platelet aggregates and efficiently detects light scattering produced by these aggregates. The intensity and frequency of light scattering provides information as to the size and number of aggregates present in a limited area. By this method, we were able to determine several different modes of inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation. The high sensitivity of this method also allowed us to detect slight platelet activation, which had not been possible by the conventional method using changes in optical density. Clinical application of this method revealed frequent occurrence of spontaneous aggregation in diabetic patients and a close relationship between this phenomenon and diabetic complications.

Diabetes Mellitus↗
PubMed1995

A 1-h topical therapy for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection.

OBJECTIVE: A novel topical therapeutic methodology for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection was developed and studied in 25 patients with H. pylori to evaluate safety and efficacy. METHODS: The patients had been given lansoprazole (30 mg, hs) orally and pronase (18,000 tyrosine units, b.i.d.) for the 2 days before topical therapy. One hundred milliliters of solution with 80 ml of 7% sodium bicarbonate and 20 ml of contrast medium meglumine sodium amidotrizoate containing bismuth subnitrate (1 g), amoxicillin (2 g), metronidazole (1 g), and pronase (36,000 tyrosine units) were instilled into the stomach through a nasally introduced 16-Fr intestinal tube with a balloon at its radiopaque tip, which was inflated with approximately 25 ml of air and lodged postbulbarly at the superior duodenal angle under fluoroscopy, thus preventing leakage of the solution distally into the jejunum. The solution was kept in the stomach for 1 h, and the patient's position was changed every 15 min from the sitting to the supine, prone, and right lateral position to expose the entire gastric mucosa. The solution was suctioned at the end of the procedure. RESULTS: H. pylori infection was successfully cured in 24 (96%) patients, confirmed 4 wk after the therapeutic procedure by negative smear, culture, and histology of the antral and corpus biopsy specimens. No side effects were observed except for loose stools in one case. CONCLUSION: This 1-h topical therapy is a safe, effective, and well tolerated procedure for the treatment of H. pylori infection. With further improvements and modifications of the method itself, as well as of the drug regimens, this method may become a highly efficient modality for anti-H. pylori therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Induction and intracellular localization of 90-kilodalton heat-shock protein in rat kidneys with acute gentamicin nephropathy.

BACKGROUND: We previously reported the induction of 73-kilodalton heat-shock protein (HSP73) in injured tubular epithelial cells in rat kidneys with gentamicin-induced acute renal failure. In the present study, we examined serial expression of 90-kilodalton heat-shock protein (HSP90), another major HSP, in this animal model. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Sprague-Dawley rats received gentamicin (80 mg/kg/day) for 14 days and developed acute proximal tubular injury. Serial immunohistochemical localization of HSP90 was observed at both light microscopic and electron microscopic levels, using a specific antibody against HSP90. In addition, serial renal extracts were analyzed by immunoblot. RESULTS: On light microscopy, HSP90 was induced in injured proximal tubular epithelial cells and accumulated in fine granules 36 hours after the gentamicin exposure. The size and number of these granules gradually increased to Day 12 and decreased from Day 18, and the granules disappeared on Day 27. Electron microscopy showed the accumulation of HSP90 in the swollen lysosomes and the nucleoli of the injured proximal tubular epithelial cells. On serial immunoblot analysis of renal extracts, increased amounts of HSP90 were found in association with the induction of HSP90 in injured cells. Furthermore, on immunoblot of nuclear fractions from kidneys at Days 0 and 6, HSP90 was detected in the fraction at Day 6. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that HSP90 is induced in the lysosomes and the nucleoli of damaged cells during the course of gentamicin-induced acute tubular injury. HSP90 may have roles in the disposition of degenerated proteins and in the new protein synthesis for the protection and repair of target cells from gentamicin nephrotoxicity.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1995

Combined drug therapy with diltiazem, dextran, and hydrocortisone (DDH therapy) for late cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: assessment of efficacy and safety in an open clinical study.

Late cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a disastrous phenomenon for the patients and a definite treatment has not been established. We studied 48 consecutive patients receiving high-dose diltiazem (5 micrograms/kg/min) injection combined with dextran and hydrocortisone to late cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). All but 2 patients underwent surgery within 72 hours after SAH. Diltiazem was continuously given via a central venous line for up to 2 weeks in conjunction with simple cisternal drainage. 5% of dextran solution (500 ml/day) was infused for 7-10 days. Hydrocortisone was given 1,600 mg on the first day, then the dose was gradually decreased over 14 days. Symptomatic vasospasm (SVS) occurred in 5 patients (10.4%), 4 patients recovered, but 1 had severe neurological deficit. A low density area on CT-scan was observed in 2 patients. Thirty patients (62.5%) had good recovery, 10 patients (20.8%) had moderate disability, 3 (6.3%) had severe disability and 3 (6.3%) had vegetative survival. Two patients died of the initial brain damage. There were no severely hypotensive side effects. However, 3 patients showed atrioventricular blockage on electrocardiogram. These side effects subsided after the dose of the drug was decreased or administration was stopped altogether. These findings show that high-dose calcium antagonist diltiazem therapy combined with dextran and hydrocortisone injection is safe and effective for prevention of late cerebral symptomatic vasospasm after SAH.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Difficult adult airway and endotracheal intubation].

In 1984, Cormack and Lehane defined laryngoscopic view in four grades. As the view worsens, the difficulty of intubation may increase but it is not clear. In this study, we examined the endotracheal intubation techniques to the grade III or IV airways. Some 48 patients were determined as grade III and IV. In 26 patients the conventional endotracheal intubation technique (conventional technique) was selected. In 20 patients endotracheal intubation was performed over the gum-elastic bougie (bougie technique). In two patients laryngeal mask airway, fiberoptic bronchoscope and handmade flexible guide tube were used as aids to endotracheal intubation (guide technique). Nineteen patients with conventional technique and 6 patients with bougie technique required the external laryngeal pressure. In conclusion, the grade III or IV airways were not always difficult to intubate. But when the conventional technique failed, the gum-elastic bougie or laryngeal mask airway was a fairly useful aid to endotracheal intubation. Moreover our handmade flexible guide tube made the intubation through the laryngeal mask airway safe and reliable.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[The effect of cardiopulmonary bypass on the cardiopulmonary function after open heart surgery].

The effect of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on the cardiopulmonary function after open heart surgery was evaluated by multiple regression analysis in relation with preoperative factors. In cases without decompensated heart failure, the depression of cardiac function and its recovery after CPB were mostly related to cross-clamp time. The pulmonary oxygenation was affected with operation time, and the duration of artificial ventilation correlated with CPB time. From these results, we conclude that CPB is the most important factor determining the cardiopulmonary function after CPB.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Helicobacter pylori infection and chronological extension of atrophic gastritis.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and chronological extension of atrophic gastritis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We studied 137 non-ulcer patients. The extent of atrophic gastritis was assessed endoscopically and scored on a scale of 1-6 (endoscopic score) using the atrophic pattern system. H. pylori infection was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with serum anti-H. pylori immunoglobulin G. The correlation between patient age and endoscopic score was determined for H. pylori-positive and -negative patients. RESULTS: A positive correlation between age and extent of atrophic gastritis was found in both H. pylori-positive and -negative patients. In groups of patients aged 20-29 and 30-39 years, those with H. pylori had more extensive atrophic gastritis than those without H. pylori. CONCLUSIONS: Chronological extension of atrophic gastritis was found in patients with and without H. pylori infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Dual therapy with lansoprazole and clarithromycin for eradication of Helicobacter pylori.

AIM: To evaluate the eradication of Helicobacter pylori by therapy with a combination of 60 mg lansoprazole and 800 mg clarithromycin. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In an open therapeutic trial, 30 H. pylori-positive patients with active ulcer disease took 30 mg lansoprazole twice a day and 400 mg clarithromycin twice a day for the first 2 weeks, followed by 30 mg lansoprazole once a day for 4-6 weeks. Endoscopy was performed both before and at the end of therapy, and 4 weeks after the end of the therapy. H. pylori was detected by using a combination of smear, culture and tissue sections. RESULTS: Complete pain relief occurred within 3 days in all patients and all ulcers were healed by the end of the therapy. The H. pylori clearance rate was 83.3% and the eradication rate was 73.3%. A minor side effect (metallic taste) was reported by only one patient (3.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Therapy with a combination of 60 mg lansoprazole and 800 mg clarithromycin is efficacious in the eradication of H. pylori and has the advantage of a low incidence of side effects and quick pain relief for patients with active ulcers.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed1995

Production of platelet-activating factor by porcine brain microvascular endothelial cells in culture.

Endothelial cells produce platelet-activating factor (PAF), which is the key process in the interactions between the vascular wall and blood cells. To examine the production of PAF in brain microvasculature we have cultured brain endothelial cells and performed a comparative study with aortic endothelial cells. Fresh porcine brain was homogenized, and microvascular endothelial cells were separated by enzyme digestion. The cells were cultured in medium containing epidermal growth factor and bovine brain extract. Endothelial cells from the aorta of the same animal were cultured in a similar manner. Production of PAF was assessed by [3H]acetate incorporation into phospholipids or by radioimmunoassay. Prostacyclin was measured by radioimmunoassay of 6-ketoprostaglandin F 1 alpha. The cells produced 1760 +/- 403 and 2892 +/- 347 dpm/10(6) cells (n = 4) of PAF when stimulated with bradykinin and calcium ionophore A23187, each at 1 microM, respectively. Aortic endothelial cells produced 3911 +/- 2006 and 8052 +/- 2270 dpm/10(6) cells (n = 4), respectively, and these values were significantly higher than those in brain endothelial cells (p < 0.01, U-test). Prostacyclin production was also higher in aortic cells as compared to brain microvascular endothelial cells. In aortic endothelial cells both Ca ionophore A23187 and bradykinin significantly stimulated PMN adherence whereas in brain microvascular cells only Ca ionophore enhanced the adherence. Brain microvascular endothelial cells produce smaller amount of PAF and prostacyclin as compared to aortic endothelial cells, and this fact may imply that the functional integrity of the brain microvascular endothelium is maintained at a low level.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Recent problems on the endocrine and chemotherapy].

The endometrial carcinoma, as well as the breast cancers and some kinds of ovarian cancers, was considered to a hormone dependent carcinoma. Even if we tried to do the endocrine therapy using such as medroxy progesterone acetate (MPA), we could expect only 30% of anti-tumor effects on the endometrial carcinoma. Endocrine therapy was thought to have a different action mechanisms from the other anti-cancer drugs. Whereas cisplatin (CDDP) has strongly an effectiveness for ovarian cancers, but the drug resistance of cancer cells for CDDP was causing a serious problem. This paper will be discussed about the problems of the endocrine and chemotherapy from the point of view of cell cycle analysis. Additionally, we would like to describe about the new anticancer drug such as Taxol.

Antineoplastic Agents↗