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Biomedical subjects

K Satoh

Publications and source records attributed to K Satoh.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Lipid peroxidation in the pancreas and other organs in streptozotocin diabetic rats.

We studied the relationship between changes in lipid peroxides and those in catalase activity in pancreases, livers and hearts of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Animals were killed 2 or 7 weeks after saline or streptozotocin (32 mg/kg, i.v.) injection. The levels of blood glucose and plasma insulin in the 2-week streptozotocin-treated rats were 176.8+/-20.5 mg/dl and 29.9+/-3.2 microU/ml, respectively. In the pancreas, the lipid peroxide level significantly decreased and the catalase activity significantly increased 2 weeks after streptozotocin injection. These changes recovered after 7 weeks. In the heart, the lipid peroxide level significantly increased without any change of catalase activity 2 weeks after the initiation of diabetes. After 7 weeks, the catalase activity significantly increased and the lipid peroxide level returned to the control level. In the liver, there was no change in the lipid peroxides and catalase in the 2-week streptozotocin-treated rats, whereas the catalase activity significantly increased 7 weeks after the injection. It was suggested that the defense system in the pancreas to oxidative stress may be evoked in an early stage of streptozotocin-induced diabetes.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Comparison of nasopharyngeal growth between patients with clefts and noncleft controls.

OBJECTIVE: This study was a comparison of the cephalometric growth characteristics of the nasopharyngeal structures between UCLP and noncleft controls. METHOD: Eighty patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP group) and 82 noncleft controls (NCC group) were assigned to four developmental stages (i.e., stage 1, at 4 years; stage 2, at 8 years; stage 3, at 12 years; and stage 4, at 17 years of age). Measurements on the anteroposterior and the vertical dimensions were derived from reference lines and points of nasopharyngeal structures on the lateral cephalograms. RESULTS: The results showed that there were no growth differences between the two groups at any stages in the regions of cranial base and cervical vertebrae, and that growth of the posterior maxilla in the UCLP group was significantly less at any stage in both A-P and vertical dimensions than in the NCC groups. As well, the nasopharyngeal triangle (Ho-At-PMP) in the groups showed almost parallel increase with stage, though with short vertical dimension in the UCLP group, and the soft palate length in the UCLP group was significantly less at stages 2, 3, and 4 compared to that in the NCC group. The adequate ratio (soft palate length/pharyngeal depth) in the UCLP group tended to decrease and was significantly less at stage 4 compared to that in the NCC group. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the growth of the cranial base and the upper cervical vertebrae is independent of the effect of clefts or of surgeries on clefts, and that the growth inhibition at the posterior maxilla results in morphologic disharmony of upper nasopharyngeal structures. This could be a potential factor for the reappearance of velopharyngeal incompetence at a later age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Apical ectodermal ridge-dependent expression of the chick 67 kDa laminin binding protein gene (cLbp) in developing limb bud.

Apical ectodermal ridge (AER)-mesoderm interaction is important for morphogenesis in the developing chick limb bud. Genes whose expression is dependent upon the presence of AER, are likely to play important roles in the AER-mesoderm interaction. We report here the gene expression pattern of the chick homolog of the 67 kDa laminin binding protein (LBP), which is a non-integrin laminin receptor whose function relates to cell attachment, spreading, and polarization. Northern analysis showed that a single 1.4 kb transcript exists in stage 20 limb buds and which is dramatically reduced 24 hr after removal of AER. In situ hybridization analysis revealed that the chick 67 kDa laminin binding protein gene (cLbp) was expressed in the mesodermal region overlapping the Msx1-expressing domain and in the AER in early stage limb buds. Expression in the mesoderm was gradually restricted to the distal region underneath the AER as development proceeds. The expression in the limb mesoderm could be induced by local application of FGF-2 which could thus mimic the AER functions. These results indicated that the expression of cLbp depends on AER signals and that the 67 kDa non-integrin receptor binding to laminin plays a role in the AER-mesoderm interaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Phosphorylation of myosin light chain in resting platelets from NIDDM patients is enhanced: correlation with spontaneous aggregation.

Platelet function in patients with NIDDM is enhanced. We have found that spontaneous aggregation (i.e., the formation of small-sized aggregates in the absence of agonist stimulation) occurs at a high rate in platelets from NIDDM patients. We then investigated basal myosin light chain 20 (MLC) phosphorylation, which plays a key role in platelet shape change and aggregation, using a monoclonal antibody against a phosphorylation site (serine 19 residue) in the MLC molecule in platelets from these patients. Standard calibration curves obtained from purified MLC or the phosphorylated form of myosin light chain 20 (MLC-P) were linear within the range of 0-150 ng for MLC and 0-3 ng for MLC-P. The amount of MLC or MLC-P in platelets was estimated, and basal MLC phosphorylation was calculated. Platelets were obtained from 9 young healthy control subjects, 13 age- and sex-matched nondiabetic control subjects, and 13 patients with NIDDM. The basal MLC phosphorylation in platelets was significantly higher in the NIDDM patients than in the control subjects, irrespective of age. These findings suggest that platelets from NIDDM patients are activated in vivo. Platelets obtained from NIDDM patients generated spontaneous aggregation, the degree of which was significantly higher than that in control subjects. Platelet spontaneous aggregation correlated well with basal MLC phosphorylation. These findings suggest that increases in basal MLC in platelets may be one factor leading to hyperaggregability of platelets in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Pleural-origin malignant lymphoma in an elderly patient with chronic empyema and infection with the Epstein-Barr virus].

A 73-year-old woman with a long-standing history of right-sided chronic empyema complained of lumbago. An artificial pneumothorax had been induced to treat pulmonary tuberculosis about 40 years previously. The year after she began to complain of lumbago, a tumor mass over the right anterior chest wall had grown rapidly. Pathologic examination revealed that it was a malignant lymphoma (Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, diffuse large cell, B cell type). Chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine, and prednisolone, and then radiation therapy were given. The patient responded very well. The tumor mass on the surface of the chest wall disappeared completely. She was alive and well and there was no evidence of recurrence at the seven-month follow-up examination. Analysis with the polymerase chain reaction showed that the tumor contained DNA of the Epstein-Barr virus. The chronic empyema and local infection with the Epstein-Barr virus might have been a factor in the development of the malignant lymphoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Results of surgical treatment of T4 lung cancer].

A total of 381 patients with primary lung cancer including 30 cases of T4 lesion, were surgically treated at our hospital from June 1975 through July 1996. Extended resection was performed in 11 patients. The 5-year survival rate after operation for all cases of T4 lung cancer, including one with operative death was 15.2%. Six patients who had curative operation showed no significant prolonged survival when compared to 24 patients who resulted in non-curative operation, but the median survival time of the former was longer than that of the latter. Six patients survived over 3 years; malignant pleurisy and/or intrathoracic dissemination of lung cancer were existed in 3 cases of those patients. In conclusion, extended resection for patients with T4 lung cancer should be limited to patients who are expected to have curative operation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

[Endoscopic cancer surgery--uterine and ovarian cancer].

In recent years, laparoscopic surgery, with its minimum invasiveness, has been introduced in the field of gynecology, and continues to spread rapidly in conjunction with the development of peripheral equipment. In Japan, however, its use has been limited to patients with benign tumors. In a number of other countries, there are specialists now attempting to apply this technology to malignant tumors. The number of case studies is still small, making evaluation difficult, thus we will consider its effectiveness through a study of the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[131I SPECT-imaging with body outline using convenient lightweight source].

In order to make the body outline clearly in SPECT images, we devised a simple line source holder with the objectives to have a lightweight line source, to reduce the radiation exposure to the staff and to make the system readily available. This technique was applied to evaluate the localizing lesions in patients with radioiodine treatment of thyroid cancer. 131I-SPECT imaging with body outline was found to be effective in 86.7 percent (13/15) of the cases compared with planar imaging. Clinically, the results significantly helped in the discrimination between cervical lymph node metastasis and thyroid bed, and between mediastinal lymph node metastasis and bone metastasis. In the case of multiple lung metastasis demonstrating diffuse accumulation in the lung fields, 131I-SPECT imaging with body outline did not provide an increase in sensitivity compared with planar imaging. This method is easy to perform and it is considered to be useful for localization of abnormal accumulation, relative to the body outline.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Intraarterial infusion of papaverine in experimental cerebral vasospasm.

PURPOSE: To determine the effectiveness of intraarterial infusion of papaverine hydrochloride (PPV) in an experimental model of cerebral vasospasm and to measure the mean blood flow velocity of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). METHODS: Seven Japanese monkeys were divided into three groups: those studied 3 days-after surgery (the third-day group, n = 3); those studied 7 days after surgery (the seventh-day group, n = 3); and a control group (n = 1). Vasospasm was induced in the experimental groups by placing a blood clot in the subarachnoid space around the top of the internal carotid siphon. PPV (5 mg/kg) was infused (over 60 minutes) into the internal carotid artery (ICA). The vascular diameters of the ICA and MCA were measured on angiograms before and after infusion. The mean blood flow velocity in the MCA was measured on transcranial Doppler sonograms before and 24 hours after infusion. After fixation, the MCA was dissected out, stained, and examined microscopically. RESULTS: After vasospasm induction, both arteries were narrowed more than 30% in the third-day group and more than 50% in the seventh-day group. After PPV infusion in both groups, vascular dilatation of about 20% was seen. The mean increase in blood flow velocity in the third-day group (30%) was smaller than in the seventh-day group (70%). The mean blood flow velocity in the MCA decreased by about 30% in both groups, but increased again after 24 hours nearly to the level before PPV infusion. The intimal layer was more corrugated in the seventh-day group, and hypertrophy in the smooth muscle layer was also seen. Clinical examination showed no neurologic deficit in the third-day group 24 hours after PPV infusion; neurologic deficits were observed in the seventh-day group. CONCLUSION: PPV infusion may be more effective in early stages of vasospasm when vascular walls have fewer histologic changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Benign osteoblastoma of the temporal bone.

We report a case of benign osteoblastoma arising in the temporal bone of a 28-year-old woman. Plain radiography showed a mass with an amorphous calcified matrix and a thin radiolucent marginal zone. CT and MR imaging were useful in delineating the extent of the tumor, and angiography showed its hypervascularity. Preoperative transarterial embolization was effective in reducing bleeding during surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Importance of instructing anesthesiologists in handwashing against bacterial contamination].

The importance of handwashing in preventing the spread of nosocomial infection has been stressed. Using a modified glove juice method, we have already shown the efficacy of washing of anesthesiologists' hands with alcohol based antiseptic solutions against bacterial contamination. The efficacy of handwashing, however, varied because many anesthesiologists washed only the palm and the back. In the present study, we instructed them to wash their hands using rubbing method, from finger tip to the wrist until drying the solutions completely. We compared the efficacy of handwashing, by decrease of bacteria counts after general anesthesia, between the instructed method and the customary way which was done ordinarily in the ward. The instructed method was more effective on the decrease of bacteria counts than the customary way. In the instructed method, the efficacy of handwashing was not different between the antiseptic solutions. In conclusion, doctors not only should practice handwashing with the antiseptic solutions after each contact with the patient, but also wash their hands from the finger tip to the wrist until they become completely dry.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1997

[Effect of glucose-insulin infusion on thallium-201 chloride tumor imaging].

Thallium-201 chloride (201Tl) kinetics, may be affected by serum insulin levels like potassium kinetics. The purpose of the present study was to use glucose and insulin to improve 201Tl accumulation in the tumor. The results showed that the tumor-to-normal tissue ratio after simultaneous injection of 201Tl, glucose and insulin was significantly higher than that after the injection of only 201Tl, and that a ring appearance seemed to occur after glucose and insulin injection. This preliminary study suggests that 201Tl accumulation in the tumor is enhanced by glucose and insulin administration.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Highly reproducible technique for the estimation of trabecular bone density: three slice method on peripheral quantitative CT].

The reproducibility of bone mineral density (BMD) measurements with peripheral quantitative CT has been limited by the repositioning error. In this study, 1 mm-step 3-slice scan data were used to compensate for this error in trabecular BMD of the distal radius. The assessment was based on the liner relations between the cross-sectional area and trabecular bone mineral content and trabecular area ratio, on the condition that the trabecular bone is defined by a BMD value. The estimated reproducible errors of less than 2% under clinical conditions indicate that the method is reliable for follow-up examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Construction of pulmonary time-volume curve using MR: comparison with lung volume measurements using CT].

This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of dynamic pulmonary ventilation using MR and to compare it with lung volume measurements using CT. MR images during tidal breathing and CT images at resting expiratory level were obtained in 7 normal volunteers. The correlation between lung volume using CT and that using MR at resting expiratory level was significant (r = 0.993, p < 0.001). Pulmonary time-volume curves for each lobe were constructed by applying a Fourier series. The technique used in this study appears to be potentially useful to assess lobar lung function non-invasively and quantitatively.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Technetium-99m-MIBI and thallium-201 scintigraphy of primary lung cancer.

UNLABELLED: We evaluated the usefulness of 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy in primary lung cancer in comparison with 201Tl-chloride scintigraphy. METHODS: There were 45 patients with primary lung cancer. All patients underwent dual-isotope imaging with 201Tl-chloride and 99mTc-MIBI. Regions of interest were placed over the tumors (T) and contralateral normal lung tissue (N) on one coronal view in the SPECT, and T/N ratio and retention index were calculated. RESULTS: The positive rate was 98% in both the early and delayed images for 201Tl-chloride and 96% in the early and 89% in the delayed image for 99mTc-MIBI. Both early and delayed T/N ratios for 201Tl-chloride were higher than those for 99mTc-MIBI. There was no significant correlation between T/N ratio and histological type of tumor in both images. However, in both images, there was a tendency for the early and delayed ratios to increase as the tumor diameter became larger. The retention index of 201Tl-chloride was higher than that of 99mTc-MIBI. There were no significant differences in the retention index with respect to the histological type and tumor size. CONCLUSION: The results of this preliminary clinical study suggest that 99mTl-MIBI can depict primary lung cancer similar to 201Tl-chloride. However, T/N ratio and retention index of 99mTc-MIBI in the tumor areas are significantly lower compared with those of 201Tl-chloride.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Chronic hemorheological effects of the calcium antagonist nilvadipine in essential hypertension.

Because blood viscosity is significantly raised in patients with essential hypertension (EH), the hemorheological effects of a 4-month chronic treatment with the calcium antagonist nilvadipine (FK 235, 5-isopropyl-3-methyl-2-cyano-1,4-dihydro-6-methyl-4- (m-nitrophenyl)-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate, CAS 75530-68-6) on elevated blood viscosity was investigated prospectively in patients with EH, and compared with those in normotensive individuals of similar age. Hemorheological parameters were measured in 13 patients with EH (mean 63.7 years), before and 16.3 weeks (mean) after treatment with 8 mg nilvadipine, twice a day, following a 2-week placebo period, and in 14 normotensive individuals (mean 65.8 years). Whole blood viscosity of 45.0-562.5 s-1 shear rates and corrected blood viscosity of low (45.0 s-1) and high (225.0 s-1) shear rates at standardised hematocrit (Ht) of 45%, plasma viscosity, Ht, serum albumin, and plasma fibrinogen were measured before and after drug treatment and compared with those in normotensive individuals. Whole-blood and plasma viscosities were measured by cone-plate viscometer. Systolic and mean blood pressures (BPs), whole blood viscosities (at low and middle shear rates), corrected blood viscosity (Ht 45% at a low shear rate), and plasma viscosity were higher in patients with EH than in normotensive individuals before medication (p < 0.001 to p < 0.01). All these parameters decreased significantly after nilvadipine (p < 0.004 to p < 0.05). On the other hand, serum albumin and plasma fibrinogen were not altered significantly after nilvadipine. Ht decreased but not significantly after nilvadipine. Mean BP correlated with corrected blood viscosities at 112.5 s-1 and 225.0 s-1 (r = 0.491 p < 0.01 and r = 0.537 p < 0.005), while systolic BP did not correlate, before and after nilvadipine. Chronic treatment with calcium antagonist nilvadipine brought about significant reductions in BPs and rheological parameters of whole-blood viscosities at low and middle shear rates, corrected blood viscosity (Ht 45%) at a low shear rate, and plasma viscosity without changes in serum albumin and plasma fibrinogen levels, as compared with normotensive individuals. Significant linear correlations between values of mean BP and corrected blood viscosities before and after milvadipine show improved hemorheology in association with BP reduction in EH. Vasodilative effects of nilvadipine may have improved the blood rheology in patients with EH.

Blood Pressure↗