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Biomedical subjects

K Sarkar

Publications and source records attributed to K Sarkar.

85 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The influence of potassium depletion on cardiac growth response to pressure overload.

Previous studies have reported that potassium depletion arrests both body and heart growth, and that aortic ligation can induce myocardial potassium loss. To examine the effects of potassium depletion on the cardiac growth response to an increase in pressure load, we induced severe potassium depletion in rats by dietary means for 3 weeks and then subjected them to aortic ligation. 3 weeks following ligation and after a total of 6 weeks of continued potassium deprivation, the animals were sacrificed. Our results show that after aortic ligation the left ventricular weight in potassium depleted rats significantly increased by an average of 155 mg, a value which was somewhat less than the 208-mg increase observed in normokalemic animals. The presence of focal myocardial necrosis in hypokalemic rats, accordingly, did not appear to prevent the increase in ventricular mass induced by augmented pressure load. Furthermore, despite marked reduction in skeletal muscle potassium content there was no decrease in the myocardial potassium content even after aortic ligation. We conclude that profound dietary potassium depletion for a prolonged period of 6 weeks does not impede the cardiac growth response to an increase in pressure load.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Global review on ORT (oral rehydration therapy) programme with special reference to Indian scene.

This communication is an attempt to review the status and implementation of the Oral Rehydration Therapy in the programme for Control for Diarrhoeal Diseases. The Global and the Indian situations are separately discussed, with more emphasis on the latter. Use of Home Available Fluids (HAF), Salt Sugar Solution (SSS). Commercial packets of ORS and the Government supplied packets of ORS are also assessed.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Report of an outbreak of diarrhoeal disease caused by cholera followed by rotavirus in Manipur.

An outbreak of acute diarrhoeal disease between August and October 1985 in 3 districts of Manipur state was investigated amongst 9,29,077 population at risk. The overall attack rate and case fatality rate were 0.2% and 0.9% respectively. Hospital records revealed that 58.8% of cases occurred amongst older children above 5 years of age. V.cholera was isolated from 25.3% of cases sampled. Interestingly, increased frequency in weekly admission of cases amongst children during first two years of life increased in the beginning of October when the original peak of diarrhoeal outbreak was about to decline. The October peak was caused by rotavirus which could be detected from 50.0% of diarrhoeal children in this age group. This possibly reflected beginning of the usual rotavirus diarrhoea season in the locality.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Calcifying tendinitis of the shoulder: prognostic value of clinical, histologic, and radiologic features in 57 surgically treated cases.

Calcifying tendinitis of the shoulder was studied in 57 patients before and after surgical removal of the calcified material. Many patients with an acute flare of pain prior to surgery also had a "fluffy" calcific deposit on radiograph and histologic evidence of calcium resorption. Conversely, patients with no acute preoperative symptom flare were more likely to have a sharply "defined" calcific deposit on radiograph and less histologic evidence of calcium resorption. Fully 30% of the patients continued to have shoulder pain for more than 12 weeks postoperatively. There were no clinical, radiologic or histologic features which distinguished these patients from those who were symptom free within 6 weeks postoperatively.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical features of HIV infection in drug users of Manipur.

BACKGROUND: The human immunodeficiency virus was first detected in young intravenous drug users in Manipur in 1989 and it quickly reached a high prevalence in this group. Diagnostic facilities are scarce and it is thus important to suspect the presence of the infection by its clinical features. METHODS: We did a cross-sectional survey for 13 months among residents of different detoxification centres of Imphal, Manipur, to study the sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values of different signs and symptoms occurring at the early phase of the infection. RESULTS: Most of the young injectors in this survey were found to be in the early phases (stage I 43%; stage II 32%; stage III 15% and stage IV 9.9%) of the World Health Organization clinical staging of human immunodeficiency virus infection and disease. Herpes zoster, oral candidiasis, pruritic papular eruptions, jaundice and lymphadenopathy had positive predictive values of 100%, 100%, 93%, 93% and 88% respectively. Cryptosporidial diarrhoea and tuberculosis (pulmonary and extrapulmonary) were also encountered. CONCLUSION: Intravenous drug users in Manipur who have human immunodeficiency virus infection suffer from different opportunistic infections which give rise to clinical features that are easily recognizable. It is important to be aware of these in areas which lack diagnostic facilities for confirming the infection.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A cross-sectional study on factors including HIV testing and counselling determining unsafe injecting practices among injecting drug users of Manipur.

In India, a steep increase in the prevalence of HIV (0% to 50% within six months) among the IDUs has been reported in Manipur, a north eastern state in 1990. In spite of large scale intervention program like educational campaign and widespread voluntary HIV testing in this state, the infection has quickly spread to the heterosexual population at large. The determinants of risk taking behaviors like sharing of unclean needle among the IDU population has been explored in this paper. A cross sectional study has been carried out among all of the 488 IDUs who attended any detoxification centers and prison during last two years at Imphal, the capital city of this state. Self reported behaviors based on the pre-scheduled interview were recorded and participation rate was satisfactory. The data was compared to a similar survey carried out by us in 1990. Although there has been decline in risk behavior among the IDUs, a logistic regression analysis reveals that unsafe needle sharing behavior is not influenced by the knowledge on HIV transmission, educational status or history of HIV testing or serostatus of the individual. The limitation of cross sectional nature of the study, bias due to collection of data in prison, self reported behavior, possible differences with street samples of the addict are discussed.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Calcifying tendinitis: a new concept of its pathogenesis.

To elucidate the pathogenesis of calcifying tendinitis, clinical and morphological investigations were done on 46 surgically treated cases. Contrary to the prevalent concept of degeneration preceding dystrophic calcification, we found no evidence for an active or a healed degenerative process. The affected tendon was transformed into fibrocartilage with a predilection for calcification. The formative phase of calcification was followed in course of time by a resorptive phase during which the deposits were surrounded by phagocytosing cells. There was a concomitant proliferation of vascular channels. We found a significant correlation between severe pain and histological signs of resorption. The pathogenetic mechanism of calcifying tendinitis should be reassessed as a unique disorder of the musculotendinous cuff.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship of national highway with injecting drug abuse and HIV in rural Manipur, India.

Earlier study reported that about 1% of general population or urban Manipur was injecting drug users (IDUs). A study was conducted to observe the IDU prevalence in rural Manipur and the role of national highway (NH) in determining the IDU prevalence if any. It was also aimed to study the HIV prevalence among IDUs of different villages. Villages were startified in to 3 categories based on distance and communication facilities from the national highway, which cuts across the villages to the neighboring state, Nagaland. Villages close to NH had the highest IDU prevalence of 1.3% and remote villages had the least prevalence of 0.2% whereas villages in between the above mentioned two groups had a prevalence of 0.9%. It was surprisingly observed that HIV was uniformly distributed among the IDUs of all villages and ranged from 50-51%. This indicates that IDU prevalence at distance is predominantly determined by the presence of drug trafficking route/s like national highway whereas HIV prevalence is mainly determined by the needle sharing behaviour of IDUs.

Adolescent↗