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Biomedical subjects

K Samii

Publications and source records attributed to K Samii.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Central venous pressure and pulmonary wedge pressure. A comparative study in anesthetized surgical patients.

To determine the reliability of central venous pressure (CVP) as a guide to fluid therapy during an operation, repeated and simultaneous CVP and pulmonary wedge pressure (PWP) measurements were made with a Swan-Ganz catheter in 13 relatively elderly patients without obvious cardiac or respiratory disease- Overall correlation between CVP and PWP was highly significant (P less than .001); there was, however, an important variation of the correlation for each patient. For values of CVP greater than or equal to 8 mm Hg, the correlation was not significant. The disparity between right and left ventricular filling pressures was confirmed by the relationship between serial changes in CVP and PWP. These data strongly suggest that in relatively elderly patients undergoing surgery without evidence of cardiac or respiratory disease, CVP may be misleading index for appreciating PWP.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Effect of weight on prevalence of hypertension, and its interaction with the arm circumference: Belgian Hypertension Committee Epidemiological Study.

1. A first sample of a cross-section of the Belgian population was studied. 2. The presence of hypertension or borderline hypertension was established on the basis of two examinations at 1-3 weeks intervals, during which the blood pressure was measured four times after 10 min rest. 3. The prevalence of both hypertension and borderline hypertension increased with age in the two sexes and, independently of age, with the relative weight. 4. The probable effect of arm circumference in overestimation of blood pressure in heavy subjects was analysed by multivariate correlations. It was concluded that if the influence of arm circumference is excluded, the effect of relative weight on blood pressure is less marked but still present.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Usefulness of 99mTechnetium pertechnetate in periarteritis nodosa.

Radioisotopes have a wide range of application in the clinical investigation of many organs. Muscle diseases are an exception in this expanding field. We report here a case of periateritis nodosa in which unusual scintigraphic images were obtained with 99mTc-pertechnetate. The kinetics of this isotope and the scintigraphic changes were followed during treatment and found to be useful clinical tools.

Half-Life↗
PubMed1975

[Hypovolemic shocks simulating severe pulmonary embolism. 20 cases].

Twenty cases of hypovolemic shock of various etiologies in which initial diagnosis was massive pulmonary embolism are analyzed. The error was due to intensity of respiratory failure symptoms and electrocardiographic changes suggesting acute cor pulmonale. However, although constant, hypoxemia was mild and easily corrected by oxygen administration. Hypovolemia was confirmed by low central venous pressure (CPV EQUALS 1, 3 cm H20); in 7 patients, right heart catheterism showed lowered cardiac output associated to low ventricular filling pressures (VFP). Rapid blood volume expansion simultaneously corrected in all cases both shock and clinical signs of "respiratory failure", while CVP increased only slightly. These findings suggest that CVP must be carefully checked when faced with a clinical picture of massive pulmonary embolism and if low, rapid blood volume expansion must be performed under CVP monitoring, in order to rule out hypovolemic shock.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Additivity of bupivacaine and morphine for peripheral analgesia in rats.

Infiltration of the surgical wound is a classical technique for post-operative analgesia. Recent studies have suggested that local anaesthetic may be combined with other drugs such as opioids. This study has evaluated, in rat, the infiltration with morphine, bupivacaine and their combination. In all groups, the two hind paws were injected with carrageenin. The left hind paw was used as control. The vocalisation threshold to paw pressure (VTPP) of both hind paws was evaluated 2 h after induction of carrageenin inflammation (baseline value), then every 10 min until the return to baseline value after injection of analgesic drugs. The development of oedema was evaluated in both hind paws by measurement of paw circumference (PC) before, then after, carrageenin injection. All analgesic drugs were injected in the right inflamed paw diluted in 0.2 mL of normal saline. The analgesic effect of bupivacaine (0.1, 0.25 and 0.5%), morphine (25, 50 and 100 microg) and their combination (bupivacaine 0.1%/morphine 20 microg, bupivacaine 0.2%/morphine 40 microg and bupivacaine 0.4%/morphine 80 microg) was tested. The effect of naloxone on morphine induced analgesia was tested. The interaction between bupivacaine and morphine was evaluated with an isobolographic analysis. Bupivacaine produced a dose-dependent antinociceptive effect. Morphine infiltration produced a peripheral, dose-dependent analgesic effect antagonised by naloxone. This analgesic effect of morphine was associated with an anti-inflammatory effect. The isobolographic analysis revealed only additivity between bupivacaine and morphine. The infiltration with morphine offers a peripheral analgesic effect which is additive with the effect of bupivacaine. An anti-inflammatory effect of morphine participates in this peripheral analgesic effect.

Analgesics, Opioid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cardiovascular interactions of local anesthetics and calcium entry blockers in conscious dogs.

To assess the pharmacologic risk of regional anesthesia in patients treated with calcium entry blockers (CEBs), the cardiovascular effects of 30-minute infusions of lidocaine (60 micrograms.kg-1.minute-1 after an intravenous bolus of 1.5 mg.kg-1), bupivacaine (15 micrograms.kg-1) or normal saline (1 ml.minute-1) were studied with concurrent 40-minute infusions of equihypotensive doses of verapamil (25 micrograms.kg-1.minute-1) and diltiazem (20 micrograms.kg-1.minute-1) in seven conscious dogs chronically instrumented for continuous recording of arterial pressure and left ventricular (LV) contractility assessed by the peak of LV dP/dt. The effects of CEBs alone (saline group) were stable throughout the infusion time. Besides a 10% decrease in mean arterial pressure, verapamil increased heart rate, prolonged atrioventricular (AV) conduction and decreased LV dP/dt, whereas a lesser and isolated tachycardia was observed in the case of diltiazem. At the end of a 30-minute concomitant infusion: (1) bupivacaine (1.4 micrograms/ml) further decreased arterial pressure (with verapamil and diltiazem; -8% and -11%, respectively) and LV dP/dt (with verapamil, -13%), whereas PR interval was further lengthened with verapamil and diltiazem (+36% and +17%, respectively) without change in heart rate; (2) lidocaine (approximately 3.5 micrograms/ml) increased heart rate (with verapamil and diltiazem; +19% and +14%, respectively) and arterial pressure (with verapamil, +8%) without change in LV dP/dt, while the PR interval was further lengthened during verapamil infusion (+34%). Second-degree AV blocks appeared with lidocaine (one of seven dogs) and bupivacaine (three of seven dogs) during verapamil infusion. Caution should therefore be exercised when patients under effective verapamil or diltiazem treatment are given regional anesthesia resulting in significant plasma levels of local anesthetics.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗