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Biomedical subjects

K Sakurai

Publications and source records attributed to K Sakurai.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Fibrolamellar carcinoma of the liver: a case report].

This is the first case report of fibrolamellar carcinoma of the liver (FCL) in Japan with reference to the relevant literature. A 56 year-old Korean male with positive HBsAg was complaining of generalized weakness. Alpha-fetoprotein level was elevated and a mass lesion in right lobe of the liver was detected. He underwent a wedge resection, of the liver and the follow-up study failed to show recurrence of the tumor in 15 months. The specimen showed a tumor consisting of a firm, grayish-white, circumscribed solitary mass measuring 4 cm in diameter. Microscopically the tumor was characterized by polygonal and eosinophilic tumor cells and abundant fibrous stroma around the tumor cells in lamellar fashion. FCL is a well-defined disease entirely with a distinct histologic pattern and a favorable prognosis.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1986

Characterization of polyethylene glycol-modified L-asparaginase from Escherichia coli and its application to therapy of leukemia.

For the purpose of clinical application to the therapy of human leukemia and lymphosarcoma, L-asparaginase from Escherichia coli was modified with 2,4-bis(O-methoxypolyethylene glycol)-6-chloro-s-triazine (activated PEG2) by an improved method, which involves a purification step of activated PEG2 by gel filtration. The PEG2-modified asparaginase retained approximately 30% (73 IU/mg of protein) of the enzymic activity of the native enzyme, while it had almost wholly lost the immunoreactivity towards anti-asparaginase antibodies. The modified enzyme retained the characteristics of the native enzyme in terms of the pH- and temperature-dependencies of activity and stability, and the Km value for L-asparagine. Administration of the modified enzyme to a dog with spontaneous lymphosarcoma induced complete remission without any toxic side effects. Seven children with multiple relapses of acute leukemia were treated with a regimen of cycles of methotrexate and native asparaginase. Three of these children developed anaphylactic shock. In contrast to the native enzyme, the successive administration of PEG2-modified asparaginase to those three patients was therapeutically effective without causing any allergic reaction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Breast cancer associated with other organ cancer reviewed from cancer family history].

Double cancers and related family histories were studied in eight patients who had developed cancers in the breasts and other organs. The incidence of double cancer among patients with breast cancer was 1.7% (8/472), and the age at first onset averaged 48. The organs involved were mainly the digestive system, thyroid and female sexual organs. The incidence of cancer was higher in the pedigree of double breast cancer patients than in those with solitary cancer. In follow-up study, it is necessary to elucidate the difference in characteristics between double and solitary breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis and extraglandular extension of well-differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid].

Forty-five surgically removed thyroid glands with well-differentiated carcinoma were histologically analyzed to clarify the relationships among vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis and extraglandular extension. Using Victoria blue-HE stain, vascular invasion can be detected as the evident finding of circular elastic fibers surrounding the cancer cluster. In our series, 60% of the subjects were positive for vascular invasion. Patients with vascular invasion tend to show lymph node metastasis and/or extraglandular extension. This correlation was statistically significant. Therefore, in a patient with lymph node metastasis and/or extraglandular extension, there is a greater possibility of vascular invasion being present as well.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Isosorbide 5-mononitrate effects on isolated rabbit aorta and vena cava: relationship between cyclic GMP and relaxation of vascular smooth muscle.

The effects of isosorbide 5-mononitrate (5-ISMN) on vascular smooth muscle tone and cyclic GMP levels in isolated rabbit aorta and vena cava were compared. 5-ISMN induced concentration-dependent relaxation of noradrenaline-contracted strips of aorta and vena cava. 5-ISMN was over 100 times more potent in eliciting relaxation in vena cava than in aorta. Unlike 5-ISMN, 8-bromo cyclic GMP produced concentration-dependent relaxation with similar potency in both strips. The relaxation induced in both strips by 5-ISMN but not by 8-bromo cyclic GMP was inhibited by pretreatment with 5 X 10(-5) M methylene blue. The 5-ISMN-induced changes in tone of both strips were closely associated with those in cyclic GMP levels. 5-ISMN increased the cyclic GMP levels of both strips in a concentration-dependent manner. 5-ISMN was also considerably more potent in increasing cyclic GMP levels in vena cava than in aorta. This 5-ISMN-induced increases in cyclic GMP levels of both strips were inhibited by pretreatment with methylene blue. These results suggest that cyclic GMP could be involved in the 5-ISMN-induced relaxation of smooth muscle from both aorta and vena cava. Furthermore, the finding that 5-ISMN was more active on vena cava than on aorta both to cause relaxation and increase cyclic GMP levels indicates that cyclic GMP-mediated vasodilatation may be responsible for the pharmacological action of 5-ISMN in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Topography of regenerating optic fibers in goldfish traced with local wheat germ injections into retina: evidence for discontinuous microtopography in the retinotectal projection.

A small injection of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) was injected into dorsal or ventral peripheral retina in normal goldfish and in goldfish with prior optic nerve crush. Serial sections of tectum were subsequently taken for horseradish peroxidase (HRP) histochemistry 18 hours after injection and studied with light microscopy and densitometric reconstructions. In normals, a small, sharply delineated patch of product 200-300 microns wide was observed at the appropriate medial or lateral periphery of tectum. This product filled the entire SFGS, the main optic termination layer, and fell off abruptly at its edges. No labelling was detected in the optic pathways. In regenerates at about 20 days after nerve crush, these retinal injections yielded product that was dispersed across 1,000 microns or more of tectum but not in a uniform fashion. The densest product was biased toward the appropriate tectal position while product of intermediate density was mainly distributed along a path from the anterior end of tectum to this region. Product in the inappropriate half of tectum was much lighter and typically fiberlike in appearance. By about 40 days, product had condensed considerably at roughly the correct region of tectum but it was not as sharply delimited as in normals. Dense label occupied a single area about twice that of normals and exhibited flanking regions of light label extending for several hundred micrometers. At 59-148 days, a further condensation was observed but into more than one patch of product. The patches were of variable size and consisted of sharply delimited dense product which filled the entire SFGS at each position. Morphologically, these patches bore a remarkable resemblance to the ocular dominance columns previously seen in this system.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Ectopic ventricular tachycardia sensitive to calcium antagonists in acute myocardial infarction in dogs.

The effects of antiarrhythmic agents on automatic ventricular tachycardia (VT), which emerged in the early stage of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), were examined in 30 closed-chest mongrel dogs. Antiarrhythmic agents were administered intravenously when the rate of VT became almost equal to sinus rate (5.6 +/- 1.4 hours). VT was slowed significantly by verapamil (0.15 or 0.3 mg/kg), diltiazem (0.2 or 0.4 mg/kg), propranolol (0.1 mg/kg) and amiodarone (5 mg/kg), but not by procainamide (20 mg/kg), lidocaine (2 or 4 mg/kg), nifedipine (0.01 mg/kg) and nicorandil (0.03 mg/kg). The number of ventricular premature complexes was reduced most effectively by verapamil. The significant suppressive effects of calcium antagonist drugs (verapamil and diltiazem) and propranolol indicate that an inward calcium current during diastole may play a critical role in the abnormal enhancement of ventricular automaticity in the early stage (4 to 8 hours) of AMI.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Optimal occluder luminance for seeing stationary visual phantoms.

If the central portion of a vertical grating is covered up by an opaque horizontal occluder, a phantom grating is perceived to continue across the occluded region. The phantoms can be seen even if the inducing grating is stationary, but are not seen when the occluder luminance is near to the space-average luminance of the grating. Optimal occluder luminance for the perception of phantoms was measured, while occluder height and the inducing grating contrast varied. Phantom visibility was maximal when the occluder luminance was near to either the minimum or to the maximum luminance of the grating. When the occluder luminance was set between the two levels, opposite-phase illusory gratings were dominantly observed. The reciprocal relationship between the visual phantoms and the grating induction effect of McCourt (1982) is discussed.

Form Perception↗
PubMed1985

Laryngeal lymphangioma--case report.

Laryngeal lymphangioma is extremely rare. We have been able to find only seventeen cases reported in world literature. We recently, treated a patient suffering from laryngeal lymphangioma in our department. The female patient, aged 36, complained of hoarseness for several months. Indirect laryngoscopy revealed a growth on her right false vocal cord. Under general anesthesia, tracheostomy and laryngofissure were performed for removal of this neoplasm. The tumor was microscopically diagnosed as lymphangioma. The symptoms disappeared after surgery and there has been no recurrence. The pertinent literature on this rare disease is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[A case report of cystadenocarcinoma of the liver].

A 65-year-old woman with cystadenocarcinoma of the liver is reported, and 21 Japanese patients cited in the previous literature are reviewed. In our case, CT and US demonstrated a huge solid tumor with calcification in the right lobe of the liver. Angiograms showed a hypovascular tumor with peripheral irregular neovascularity. ERCP showed compression of the extrahepatic bile duct. Right lobectomy of the liver was performed. The pathological diagnosis was cystadenocarcinoma of the liver. In our case, it was difficult to diagnose cystadenocarcinoma because the cystic mass had viscious contents and necrotic tissues, so CT and US showed findings of a solid tumor.

Angiography↗
PubMed1985

Deranged mineral content in the bone of patients with chronic renal failure, estimated by computed tomography.

To evaluate the extent of renal osteodystrophy in patients with chronic renal failure, the CT numbers of the lateral condylus and mid-shaft of the femur were measured. To adjust for variation due to measurement conditions, calibration phantom was simultaneously scanned with the femur. The CT numbers of the lateral condylus were significantly lower than the control in both nondialyzed (p less than 0.005) and dialyzed patients (p less than 0.05). The CT numbers of the mid-shaft of the femur in dialyzed patients correlated significantly to the duration of hemodialysis (r = 0.807, p less than 0.001). In 15 patients subjected to both CT scan and the photon absorptiometry, the CT numbers of the lateral condylus positively correlated to the mineral content of the radial (r = 0.57) and ulnar (r = 0.69) bones as calculated by photon absorptiometry. These results indicate that the CT scan can be used to estimate bone mineral content quantitatively, and is useful tool for evaluating renal osteodystrophy in patients with chronic renal failure.

Adult↗