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Biomedical subjects

K Sakata

Publications and source records attributed to K Sakata.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Radiotherapy of vertebral hemangiomas.

Between 1975 and 1996, 14 patients (11 females, 3 males) with vertebral hemangioma received treatment with radiotherapy. Thirteen patients had a history of back pain or lumbago and 2 patients had neurological symptoms such as sensory impairment or paraplegia. The standard dose administered was 36 Gy in 18 fractions (five treatments per week). In the 13 patients with pain, this was completely or partially relieved. The condition of a man with hypesthesia of the legs deteriorated and a woman with paraplegia who was treated with decompressive laminectomy followed by radiotherapy recovered completely after irradiation. CT scan before irradiation showed thickened trabeculae as small punctate areas of sclerosis in all patients. At MR imaging before irradiation, T2-weighted MR images showed areas of high intensity in all patients and MR images demonstrated lesion enhancement. However, none of the patients who were treated successfully with radiation demonstrated any changes of the affected vertebra in the conventional radiographic films. CT scan or MR imaging, even 5 years after irradiation. Radiological imaging is indispensable for the diagnosis of vertebral hemangiomas but does not appear to be useful for evaluating the effects of radiotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Commonly deleted regions on the long arm of chromosome 21 in differentiated adenocarcinoma of the stomach.

During an allelotype analysis of differentiated adenocarcinoma of the stomach, we observed frequent loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on several chromosomes including the long arm of chromosome 21 (21q). Therefore, we analyzed DNA isolated from 45 tumors for LOH at 10 loci on 21q by using polymorphic microsatellite markers. In 20 (44%) of 45 tumors, we detected LOH at single or multiple loci on 21q. Deletion mapping of these 20 tumors revealed two separate commonly deleted regions. Our findings suggest that 21q contains at least two potential tumor suppressor genes which play crucial roles in the development of differentiated adenocarcinoma of the stomach.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Malfunctioning Starr-Edwards mitral valve 21 years after installation.

Two cases of malfunctioning Starr-Edwards cloth-covered mitral valve prostheses requiring reoperation are presented. Both cases underwent successful surgical repair 21 years after the valve replacement. The causes were a disturbance of the poppet during the opening movement due to excessive tissue ingrowth and a paravalvular leak associated with a tear of the valve seat. Replacement of the Starr-Edwards valve prosthesis more than 20 years after the initial installation has not been reported.

Female↗
PubMed1997

[Estimation of the future numbers of patients with circulatory diseases in Japan based on the results of national patient surveys].

The numbers of patients aged 35 years or more with hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease 15 years from now were estimated. First, the numbers of patients with these diseases in 1984, 1987, 1990, and 1993 were calculated by age and sex using data from the National Patient Surveys conducted by the Ministry of Health and Welfare. Then, population prevalence for calendar years 1996, 1999, 2002, 2005, and 2008 were estimated based on the past data using linear regression models. Finally, the total numbers of patients were calculated from the estimated prevalence multiplied by the estimated population figure of the national government. The numbers of patients with hypertension will decrease in younger age classes but increase in older age classes; the total number of all patients, therefore, will increase. While the number of patients with ischemic heart disease in males is estimated to increase, that in females will level off. The number of cerebrovascular disease patients in each age and sex group will grow larger.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Required manpower for health care and nursing services for the aged at home public health nurses, visiting nurses, dental hygienists, dietitians, physical therapists, and occupational therapists].

The purpose of this study was to estimate the manpower required for the health care and nursing services for the aged at home. For prefectural health care and welfare planning for the aged, data such as the proportion of the aged who need help, service demand, and required frequency of services were obtained. The means and "mean +/- 2 x standard deviations" were calculated to obtain various parameters. Calculated figures were those which can be obtained with some effort. The results are as follows (middle level estimation (low level estimation-high level estimation)): requirements are 1.9 (0.61-5.7) public health nurses, 2.6 (0.63-14) visiting nurses, 0.20 (0.084-0.42) dental hygienists, 0.35 (0.17-0.66) dietitians, and 0.25 (0.014-1.27) physical and occupational therapists per population 10,000. For the national total, requirements are 23 (7.3-67) thousand public health nurses, 31 (7.5-160) thousand visiting nurses, 2.4 (1.0-5.0) thousand dental hygienists, 3.9 (2.0-7.8) thousand dietitians, and 3.0 (0.17-15) thousand physical and occupational therapists. By population sizes, for example in the municipalities which has 10-30 thousand people, required are 4.2 (1.7-11) public health nurses, 5.3 (1.3-27) visiting nurses, 0.4 (0.2-0.8) dental hygienists, 0.5 (0.3-0.9) dietitians, and 0.5 (0.0-2.5) physical and occupational therapists. Comparison of the present numbers with estimated manpower needs show that, the present number of public health personnel is almost the same as the low level estimation. But the present numbers of other manpower is lower than the low level estimation. Considering other services such as maternal and child health, it seems that the municipalities which has 10+ thousand population should employ full-time dietitians and dental hygienists. For policy making in a municipality, the policies of other municipalities should be considered. Because it is based on means for municipalities, the results of this study should be useful for application by other municipalities.

Community Health Nursing↗
PubMed1997

[Mitral valve prolapse associated with severe pulmonary hypertension: a case report].

Severe (110/50 mmHg) pulmonary hypertension (PH) secondary to mitral valve prolapse is rare. We reported herein severe PH secondary to mitral valve prolapse in a 65-year-old female. The patient underwent mitral valve replacement and tricuspid annuloplasty. The pulmonary artery pressure after the operation decreased to 69/20 mmHg. Prostagrandin E1 was effective for residual PH compared with nicardipine hydrochloride.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Analysis of the fragile histidine triad gene in primary gastric carcinomas and gastric carcinoma cell lines.

The FHIT (fragile histidine triad) gene has been isolated from the chromosome region 3p14.2, which includes the fragile site locus FRA3B and the breakpoint of the t(3;8) of familial renal carcinoma. FHIT has been suggested to be a candidate tumor suppressor gene for digestive tract carcinomas. To evaluate the significance of FHIT gene abnormalities in gastric carcinogenesis, we examined the allelic status and transcripts of the gene in 23 primary gastric carcinomas as well as 7 gastric carcinoma cell lines. Four of the seven (57%) cell lines exhibited homozygous deletions of variable sizes at 3p14.2 all of which included D3S1300, which is located close to, or within, FRA3B. However, only 2 of 16 (13%) informative cases showed loss of heterozygosity at D3S1300 in the primary tumors. Direct analysis by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction failed to reveal abnormal transcripts, including exon skipping and sequence changes, in the primary tumors or in the cell lines without homozygous deletions. These results suggest that FHIT gene abnormalities are infrequent in primary gastric carcinomas and that the frequent homozygous deletions seen in cell lines might simply reflect the plasticity of the genome at FRA3B under culture conditions.

Acid Anhydride Hydrolases↗
PubMed1997

[Tuberous sclerosis associated with subependymal giant cell astrocytoma and renal angiomyolipoma: a case report].

We presented a case of tuberous sclerosis (TS) associated with subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGC) and renal angiomyolipoma (RAML). A 19-year-old female, who had been diagnosed as TS since she was 3 months old, was admitted with complaints of headache, vomiting, and abdominal pain. At 10 years of age, a ventricular tumor was shown on CT, and at 16 years of age a ventricular peritoneal shunt was placed for obstructive hydrocephalus. On admission, an abdominal CT showed bilateral renal huge multicystic tumors with hemorrhage, which were diagnosed as RAMLs. CT and MRI showed an intraventricular tumor near the foramen of Monro, and this tumor was removed through a transcortical approach. The pathological diagnosis was SEGA. Large sized RAMLs were identified by CT. Although TS is often associated with additional tumors in the brain, heart, kidney, and other organs, the combination of SEGA and RAML is quite rare. If ventricular peritoneal shunt is placed in a TS patient, risk of shunt malfunction should be taken into account.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Production of hydroxy fatty acid (10-hydroxy-12(Z)-octadecenoic acid) by Lactobacillus plantarum from linoleic acid and its cardiac effects to guinea pig papillary muscles.

Lactobacillus plantarum produced 10-hydroxy-12(Z)-octadecenoic acid (10-OHODA) from linoleic acid. It was suspected that 10-OHODA might be closely related to leukotoxin (9,10-epoxy-12-octa-decenoic acid (LTx)) which was regarded as a toxic and/or defensive substance in living beings. The cardiac effect of 10-OHODA, which was biosynthesized by Lactobacillus plantarum, on an isolated guinea-pig papillary muscle was determined. Its effect on the contractile force of the tissue preparations was examined both in terms of its concentration and the time of exposure. A decrease in muscular tension was observed immediately after administration of 10-OHODA at concentrations of 30, 100, and 300 microM. We also compared the effect of 10-OHODA on muscle tension with that of LTx and its isomer 12,13-epoxy-9-octadecenoic acid (LTx'). Each inhibitory effect on the contractile force of the papillary muscle was statistically significant in the concentration of 300 microM 5 min after administration compared to the control in the absence of each fatty acid, suggesting that 10-OHODA is likely to exert some influence on the circulatory system together with LTx and LTx'.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Inactivation of the CDKN2 gene by homozygous deletion and de novo methylation is associated with advanced stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

We examined the genomic status of the CDKN2 gene including de novo methylation of 5' CpG islands in primary and metastatic tumor samples from 31 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. One somatic frame shift mutation (1 of 31; 3.2%) was identified by PCR-single strand conformational polymorphism analysis and DNA sequencing. Homozygous deletion and de novo methylation of the gene were confirmed in 5 (16%) and 6 (19%) of 31 patients, respectively. Homozygous deletion and de novo methylation were significantly associated with silencing of gene expression (P < 0.01). Aberrations of the CDKN2 gene were detected in tumors with lymph node metastasis and muscular invasion (12 of 22; 54%) and in none of stage I tumors (0 of 9.0%; P < 0.05). These results suggest that homozygous deletion and de novo methylation are predominant mechanisms of inactivation of the CDKN2 gene and may be associated with metastatic and invasive phenotypes of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Two distinct regions of deletion on the long arm of chromosome 5 in differentiated adenocarcinomas of the stomach.

Frequent loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on the long arm of chromosome 5 (5q) has been reported in many types of human malignancies, including gastric carcinoma. One of the targets of 5q-LOH in colorectal carcinoma is certainly the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene on 5q21. However, other evidence has suggested the presence of another tumor suppressor gene in this region which may be inactivated in gastric carcinoma. In the present study, to determine the location of the putative tumor suppressor gene on 5q, LOH at nine microsatellite loci on 5q were investigated at 38 differentiated adenocarcinomas of the stomach that probably did not carry APC mutations. LOH at any locus on 5q occurred in 37% (14 of 38) of the tumors. Although many tumors exhibited large interstitial deletions on 5q that included the APC locus (5q21), we have identified minimum regions of deletion as the D5S428 locus and the interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) locus. Thus, at least two putative tumor suppressor genes, which play a crucial role in the genesis of differentiated adenocarcinoma of the stomach and are distinct from the APC gene, lie on 5q.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Expression pattern of messenger RNAs for prostanoid receptors in glial cell cultures.

Expression level of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) for prostanoid EP3, FP, and TP receptors was investigated in cultured rat astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia, as well as in meningeal fibroblasts, rat glioma C6 cells, rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells, whole brain, and several peripheral tissues by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Cultured astrocytes and oligodendrocytes expressed mRNAs for 3 prostanoid receptors examined. In contrast, cultured microglia and pheochromocytoma PC12 cells expressed EP3 and TP receptor mRNAs, but not FP receptor mRNA. Glioma C6 cells expressed only TP receptor mRNA among 3 prostanoid receptors with the same expression level as that in astrocytes. Cultured meningeal fibroblasts expressed 3 receptor transcripts, and their expression levels were lower than those in astrocytes. Expression level of mRNA for each prostanoid receptor in cultured glial cells was higher than that in whole brain. These observations suggest that each prostanoid has its specific roles in each glial cell type of the brain.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Allelotype of adenoma and differentiated adenocarcinoma of the stomach.

The molecular mechanism of gastric tumourigenesis has not yet been clarified, although investigators have postulated that differentiated adenocarcinoma may arise from pre-existing adenoma, similarly to the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence. An allelotype analysis has been performed to identify chromosomal regions which are frequently deleted in gastric tumours and to examine the significance of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence in gastric tumourigenesis. Forty-five gastric tumours, 20 adenomas, and 25 differentiated adenocarcinomas were examined for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) using 39 microsatellite markers covering each non-acrocentric chromosome arm. Frequent LOH in the adenocarcinomas was observed on chromosomes 2q (33 per cent), 4p (33 per cent), 5q (50 per cent), 6p (33 per cent), 7q (43 per cent), 11q (36 per cent), 14q (38 per cent), 17p (45 per cent), 18q (36 per cent), and 21q (40 per cent). In contrast, the incidence of LOH in adenomas did not exceed 10 per cent at any of the loci examined. In addition to the p53 gene on 17p and the DCC gene on 18q, which are known to be frequently deleted in differentiated adenocarcinomas of the stomach, other unknown tumour suppressor genes on the above-mentioned chromosomes may also be inactivated. These observations suggest that the adenoma-carcinoma sequence is not a major pathway in gastric tumourigenesis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Secundum atrial septal defect associated with mitral valve cleft: report of a case with chromosomal syndrome of trisomy 3p.

A 4-year-old boy was diagnosed as having a chromosomal abnormality with trisomy 3p associated with a secundum atrial septal defect and a cleft of the anterior mitral leaflet. His craniofacial features showed microcephaly, micrognathia, ocular hypertelorism associated with epicanthus, and low-set ears. Moderate mental retardation and hypoplasia of the penis were also noted. A left ventriculogram demonstrated grade 2 mitral regurgitation according to the Sellers' classification with a prolapsing of the mitral leaflets. A cleft of the anterior mitral leaflet was detected at the time of operation. The secundum atrial septal defect was directly closed and the mitral cleft was repaired. This is the first report of trisomy 3p associated with an atrial septal defect and a mitral valve cleft.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1996

Myocardial oxygen consumption, cardiac work, and myocardial efficiency in children.

UNLABELLED: Few reports on human cardiac functional development exist, although this information is important for managing paediatric heart disease. The work and the energy usage of the heart was measured in children. A total of 58 patients (aged 1-19 years) with a history of Kawasaki disease without coronary sequelae underwent cardiac catheterization to obtain haemodynamic data and to measure myocardial oxygen consumption. Myocardial oxygen consumption (ml/min) (y = 0.63 x + 3.6, r = 0.86, P < 0.0001, x = age) and left ventricular minute work (kg m/min) (y = 0.46 x 2.4, r = 0.84, P < 0.0001, x = age) correlated positively with age. However, left ventricular minute work per body surface area (age: 2-5 years, 5.8 +/- 0.34 kg m/min/m2; age: 6-10 years, 6.9 +/- 0.59 kg m/min/m2; age: 11-15 years, 5.9 +/- 0.51 kg m/min/m2; age 16-19 years, 6.5 +/- 0.29 kg m/min/m2; and myocardial efficiency (age: 2-5 years, 40.1 +/- 4.4%; age: 6-10 years, 42.4 +/-3.9%; age: 11-15 years, 45.9 +/- 4.1%; age: 15-19 years, 42.3 +/- 6.6%) remained constant throughout childhood. CONCLUSION: In spite of the structural immaturity of the developing heart, the myocardial oxygen consumption per body surface area and myocardial efficiency led by the cardiac work are the same in adults and in children older than 1 year of age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Evaluation of a nationwide surveillance system for Kawasaki disease over an eleven-year period from 1984].

OBJECTIVE: The Japan Kawasaki Disease Research Committee has conducted a surveillance of Kawasaki disease in order to monitor changes in incidence continually, and to provide timely incidence data to the hospitals and related organizations. This study aims at clarifying the 11-year time trend between 1984 and 1995 of the incidence of Kawasaki disease in Japan and evaluating the validity of the surveillance system. METHODS: Incidence data were obtained from 143 monitor hospitals throughout Japan with a postcard notification form, which included the number of patients with Kawasaki disease by sex for each of three 10-day periods every month. RESULTS: 1. The total number of patients thus reported in the 11-year period by the 143 facilities was 21,406. 2. After experiencing the two major outbreaks observed in 1984 and 1985, no abnormal increase has been seen for a least 8 1/2 years. 3. The changes in the time trend of the incidence from the surveillance data was almost identical to those of the nationwide surveys, indicating the high validity of the surveillance system for timely estimation of an abnormal increase in incidence. 4. Because about one-third of the total number of the patients reported by the nationwide surveys come from only about 9% of the total number of hospitals included in the nationwide survey, efficiency in data collection without serious distortion was confirmed for the surveillance system. 5. The estimated number of patients in 1993 and 1994 calculated from the ratio of the numbers of patients between the surveillance and nationwide surveys was 5700 in 1993 and 6000 in 1994. The average yearly incidence rates per 100,000 children aged 0-4 years was 90. CONCLUSION: From the above results it is recommended that the surveillance system be continued in order to provide timely data on changes in the incidence of Kawasaki disease in Japan. It appears that the methods of data collection adopted in this system is applicable to the surveillance of other diseases.

Female↗
PubMed1996

Sympathetic nerve activity in the spasm-induced coronary artery region is associated with disease activity of vasospastic angina.

OBJECTIVES: We assessed the relation between sympathetic nerve activity and disease activity of vasospastic angina. BACKGROUND: The autonomic nervous system has been proposed to play a key role in attacks of vasospastic angina. A unique feature of vasospastic angina attacks is periodic fluctuation, which complicates the assessment of disease activity. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) spasm were studied: 12 with recent onset of chest pain (group 1) and 13 free of angina for more than 3 months after discontinuing medication (group 2). Group 1 underwent iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) imaging (in the active phase) and atropine-stress MIBG imaging early after diagnostic angiography, and repeat MIBG imaging when they were free of angina for more than 3 months with medication (in the stable phase). Group 2 also underwent MIBG imaging (in remission). On a bull's-eye map, quantitative analysis of percent uptake and washout rate of MIBG was performed regionally. RESULTS: In group 1 in the active phase, the washout rate of the LAD territory was significantly lower than the rates in the stable phase, in remission and during atropine-stress MIBG imaging. The regional washout rate of the territories of the right coronary artery and the circumflex artery in the active phase was also significantly lower than that during atropine-stress MIBG imaging. The washout rate of the LAD territory in the active phase was significantly lower than the rates of the other two regions. In contrast, there were no significant differences in the distribution of regional percent uptake in every image. A similar distribution of washout rate was observed among group 1 patients in the stable phase, in group 1 patients during atropine-stress MIBG imaging and in group 2 patients. CONCLUSIONS: The MIBG washout rate of the spasm-induced coronary artery territory changed according to the degree of disease activity. Thus, sympathetic nerve activity could reflect disease activity of vasospastic angina.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗