Molecular cloning and expression of a cDNA of the bovine prostaglandin F2 alpha receptor.
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Amino Acid Sequence↗
Biomedical subjects
K Sakamoto
Publications and source records attributed to K Sakamoto.
[Significance of proliferative breast lesions around breast cancers].
To clarify the relationships between benign proliferative diseases and cancers of the breast, 44 cases treated with breast conserving surgeries were analyzed histopathologically. Intraductal hyperplasia, sclerosing adenosis and adenosis were more frequently seen in cancerous than non-cancerous breasts, with a statistically significant difference. Additionally, histologies of some intraductal spread in carcinomas were identical to those of atypical hyperplasias. Further studies should be undertaken, and definitions of atypical hyperplasia, especially in cancerous breasts, should be critically redefined.
Breast↗
The Comprehensive Assessment List for Affective Disorders (COALA): a polydiagnostic, comprehensive, and serial semistructured interview system for affective and related disorders.
This supplement describes the development and structure of the Comprehensive Assessment List of Affective Disorders (COALA) system, which was recently developed for a collaborative follow-up study of a broad spectrum of affective disorders in Japan and which consists of a series of semistructured interviews for affective and related disorders. The COALA distinguishes itself from the extant semistructured interviews by being able to provide polydiagnostic, comprehensive and serial assessments. It is polydiagnostic because it derives diagnoses according to 29 historical and modern diagnostic systems through computer algorithms. It is comprehensive because it not only depicts the symptoms profile and rates their severity according to various endogenicity indices and severity rating scales but also measures, in the psychosocial domain, the life events and their characteristics. In addition, it has sections for past illnesses and family history. It is serial because the system includes follow-up semistructured interviews that can be administered monthly and that monitor changes in the psychopathological and psychosocial features. The theoretical underpinnings of the COALA system, especially its polydiagnostic approach to a broad spectrum of affective disorders and its treatment of psychosocial factors, are discussed in view of recent proposals for the future nosological research. The findings of the interrater reliability study (n = 107) are also presented, with satisfactory to excellent results for almost all of the psychopathological and psychosocial variables, all of the composite severity ratings and most of the polydiagnostic evaluations.
Female↗
Prognostic significance of nucleolar organizer regions in hepatocellular carcinoma.
It has been suggested that the number of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) correlates with cellular activity and the aggressiveness of malignancy. The mean number of AgNORs per nucleus may, therefore, be a prognostic factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of the number of AgNORs in HCC. The silver-staining technique was applied to surgically resected specimens to indicate AgNORs. Eighty-nine of the specimens were of HCC, 23 were of normal liver adjacent to HCC, and 32 were of cirrhotic liver adjacent to HCC. The number of AgNORs of HCC (mean +/- SD, 3.26 +/- 1.23) was significantly higher than those of normal liver (1.37 +/- 0.13) and cirrhotic liver (1.49 +/- 0.14). The number of AgNORs was significantly correlated with serum alpha-fetoprotein level, tumor size, portal vein invasion, and Edmondson-Steiner histological grade. In patients undergoing curative resection, the survival rate of those with a high number (> 3.04) of AgNORs was significantly worse than that of those with a low number (< or = 3.04) of AgNORs. Multivariate analysis showed that the number of AgNORs was a significant prognostic indicator in patients without portal vein invasion, and portal vein invasion was the only significant variable when all patients undergoing curative resection were assessed together. The results of this study suggest that the number of AgNORs is useful as an indicator of the grade of malignancy and as a predictor of the prognosis of patients with HCC who do not have portal vein involvement.
Adolescent↗
[Pharmacokinetic study of UFT in cancer patients receiving maintenance dialysis].
Six post-operative cancer patients receiving chronic dialysis (4 colorectal and 2 gastric cancer) were given daily UFT (300 mg/day tid). To determine the clearance of UFT with dialysis, the plasma concentration of tegafur, 5-FU and uracil were measured on the day with dialysis and without dialysis. The plasma concentrations of tegafur at 2 hours after oral administration of UFT showed no difference between the day with dialysis and without dialysis. The concentration of 5-FU on the next day with dialysis was almost same as that of the patients with normal renal function because of the clearance of 5-FU with dialysis, although that on the 2nd day after dialysis was higher than that with dialysis. It was difficult to compare the plasma concentrations of uracil, because they are different in each patient. Therefore, it was considered to be difficult to maintain the suitable plasma concentration of uracil. However, clearance of UFT with dialysis was good and no severe side effect was observed in administration of UFT. These data suggest that UFT can be useful drug for gastrointestinal cancer patients receiving dialysis in a post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy.
Adult↗
[Hand-mirror cells acute lymphoblastic leukemia (L3)].
To our knowledge, this report represents the first confirmed case in Japan of a 15-year-old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).L3 with hand-mirror cells (HMC) in the bone marrow. HMC lymphoid leukemia is an unusual variant of ALL in which the bone marrow lymphoblasts manifest distinctive hand-mirror morphologic features. HMC lymphoblast is characterized by an asymmetric foot-like cytoplasmic process that extends from the portion of the cell, thus giving it the light-microscopic appearance responsible for its name. Besides ALL, HMC has been reported in acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), blastic crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and infectious mononucleosis. HMC has been reported to be prevalent in ALL.L1 and L2 as compared with L3.
Adolescent↗
[Quantification of renal function with 99mTc-MAG3--quantification of tubular extraction rate using Bubeck's method].
99mTc-mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) is a new agent for dynamic renal scintigraphy. It provides not only superior quality of imaging to conventional agents such as 131I-orthoiodohippurate or 99mTc-demethylenetriaminepantaacetic acid but also quantification of renal function as do the latter agents. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the value of the tubular extraction rate (TER) using 99mTc-MAG3 calculated by Bubeck's method, a simple technique for quantifying renal function. In 31 patients with renal disorders, we compared the TER thus obtained with laboratory data, plasma paraaminohippurate clearance, effective renal plasma flow calculated by Tauxe's method, and plasma 99mTc-MAG3 clearance calculated according to the two-compartment model. TER was easily applicable in clinical settings, and showed close parallels with the other indexes of renal function. We believe, therefore, that it can serve as a useful parameter of renal function.
Adult↗
A male-associated DNA sequence in a dioecious plant, Cannabis sativa L.
Male-associated DNA sequences were analyzed in a dioecious plant, Cannabis sativa L. (family: Moraceae), which is known to have sex chromosomes. DNA was isolated from male and female plants and subjected to random amplification of polymorphic DNA. Two out of 15 primers yielded fragments of 500 and 730 bp which were detected in all male plants but not in any of the female plants tested. These two DNA fragments were cloned and used as probes in gel blot analysis of genomic DNA. When the male and female DNAs were allowed to hybridize with the 500-bp probe, no differences in patterns were observed between male and female plants. By contrast, when these DNAs were allowed to hybridize with the 730-bp probe, much more intense bands specific to male plants were detected, in addition to less intense bands that were common to both sexes. The 730-bp DNA fragment was named MADC1 (male-associated DNA sequence in Cannabis sativa). The sequence of MADC1 did not include a long open reading frame and it exhibited no significant similarity to previously reported sequences.
Base Sequence↗
Synthesis of oligonucleotide having a bent structure by incorporation of an interresidually cyclized uridylyl (3'-5')uridine unit.
The chemical synthesis and conformational properties of interresidually cyclized uridylyl(3'-5')uridine derivatives were studied in order to introduce a stable turn structure into oligonucleotides. These cyclized molecules were analogs of uridylyl(3'-5')5-[methylamino(methyl)]-uridine which is the component of the U turn structure of tRNAarg E. coli. The conformational properties of these cyclic dinucleoside monophosphates were studied using NMR and CD spectroscopy with the aid of molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics simulations. These experiments indicated that the turn conformation could be stabilized by introducing a cyclic structure as expected. On the basis of these results, the chemical synthesis of phosphoramidite units of these cyclic dinucleoside monophosphate derivatives were studied to construct oligonucleotides having a stable bent structure.
Circular Dichroism↗
[Effect of lipopolysaccharide on nitric oxide synthase family (neural NOS, endothelial NOS and inducible NOS)].
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Animals↗
Major Improvement of Gyrotron Efficiency with Beam Energy Recovery.
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Journal Article↗
Multiple mechanisms of arachidonic acid release in Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with cDNA of substance P receptor.
We investigated the release of [3H]arachidonic acid ([3H]AA) and its relationship to the formation of [3H]inositol trisphosphate ([3H]IP3) elicited by substance P (SP) in prelabeled Chinese hamster ovary cells stably expressing the SP receptor. Activation of the SP receptor resulted in a concentration- and time-dependent stimulation of [3H]AA release. Half-maximal release was obtained at 10(-9) M, comparable to that for [3H]IP3 formation reported previously, and the maximal release effected by 0.1 microM SP was 8 to 10-fold above the basal value. Both the [3H]AA release and the [3H]-IP3 accumulation stimulated in the cells by 0.1 microM SP were concentration-dependently blocked with the specific SP receptor antagonist CP-96,345, with IC50 values of 2.5 and 0.4 microM, respectively. The time course of [3H]AA release showed a biphasic pattern: an initial rapid release essentially independent of Ca2+, followed by a sustained release markedly suppressed by removal of extracellular Ca2+ or chelation of intracellular Ca2+ with 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxyethane)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA). While pretreatment with pertussis toxin (200 ng/mL, 6 hr) did not block [3H]IP3 formation, it did reduce [3H]AA release by 50% at 1 and 10 min after SP stimulation. Treatment of the cells with a phorbol ester, a protein kinase C activator, augmented the SP-stimulated [H]AA release, and sphingosine, a protein kinase C inhibitor, reversed the phorbol ester-potentiated [3H]AA release, but not the release stimulated by SP alone, suggesting a synergistic effect of protein kinase C on SP-stimulated AA release. These results demonstrate that SP, acting at the SP receptor, stimulates [3H]AA release via mechanisms that are (1) mediated by a pertussis toxin-sensitive G-protein, (2) dependent on extracellular Ca2+, and (3) enhanced by activation of protein kinase C.
Animals↗
[Radiation therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix using high dose rate intracavitary irradiation].
From January 1981 to December 1990, 214 uterine cervical squamous cell carcinomas were treated with external irradiation and high dose rate intracavitary irradiation (RALS). We used Henschke-type applicators for the vaginal ovoids during the intracavitary irradiation. According to the FIGO classification, 34 cases were stage I, 76 stage II, 83 stage III and 21 stage IV. The 5-year survival rates of stage I, II, III and IV patients were 96.6%, 73.9%, 46.3% and 26.1%, respectively. The incidence of local recurrence was 20.6%, that of distant metastasis 14.8% and that of late complication 14.0% in this series. These results are comparable to those previously reported. We think that Henschke-type applicators are suitable for women of advanced age because of the ease of insertion. The prognosis of patients who developed local recurrence or distant metastasis after irradiation was extremely poor. However, aggressive treatment for distant metastases prolonged survival, especially in patients with lymph node metastases.
Adult↗
[MR imaging findings of nonketotic hyperglycinemia. 2 cases of neonatal onset].
We presented MR (magnetic resonance) images findings of the brain in nonketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH) from 2 patients of neonatal onset. MR findings in our cases of NKH are compatible with the pathological alterations described in the literature; MR images revealed delayed myelination of the cerebral white matter and hypoplasia of the corps callosum. The latter finding particularly seemed to be relatively characteristic to NKH. MR examination is the imaging modality of choice for this disease because it can demonstrate the degree of myelination, and development of the corpus callosum particularly on sagittal section.
Brain↗
Molecular cloning and evolutional analysis of a mammalian homologue of the Distal-less 3 (Dlx-3) homeobox gene.
We have cloned and sequenced a cDNA encoding the mammalian homologue of Distal-less 3 (Dlx-3) from a rat embryonic brain cDNA library. The primary structure of rat Dlx-3 showed a cDNA with an open reading frame of 290 amino acids with a molecular weight of 31 kDa harboring a homeodomain sequence characteristic of the Distal-less homoeobox gene. In addition to the highly conserved homeodomain sequence, we newly found the consensus motifs in the N-terminal and C-terminal region, which were specifically conserved among Distal-less members of different species. Phylogenetic analysis of the Distal-less homeodomain sequence also showed a possible association between the sequence similarities in the homeodomain and the spatial specifications of homeobox genes expressed in the developing central nervous system.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
[To avoid complications during laparoscopic cholecystectomy].
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is now becoming a safe procedure for the benign cholecystic diseases. But the differences, for example in the method of access to peritoneal cavity, visual field, and tools, between laparoscopic surgery and open surgery results in different complications. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how to avoid complications during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A hundred consecutive patients were expected to receive an elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy from April 1991 to November 1992 in our clinic. Two patients were converted to open cholecystectomy. The reasons for conversion were uncontrollable bleeding from cystic artery and common-bile duct injury. Two other patients were obliged to undergo laparotomy due to post-operative bile leakage. Arterial bleeding from abdominal wall caused by inserting trocar was experienced in one case. Improvement of the equipment and surgical technique have got rid of these complications. We think it is still necessary to do intra-operative examinations such as cholangiography or ultrasonography. The previous two cases with complication of biliary injury underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy without intraoperative examinations. We could have avoided these complications if intraoperative examinations were used. To prevent the complication of bleeding from abdominal wall, we have been carrying out a unique method. After the introduction of these procedures, we have never experienced any of these complications.
Bile Ducts↗
Pharmacological properties of R-84760, a novel kappa-opioid receptor agonist.
The pharmacological properties of a structurally novel kappa-opioid receptor agonist, (3R)-3-(1-pyrrolidinylmethyl)-4-[(1S)-5,6-dichloro-1-indancarbo nyl]- tetrahydro-1,4-thiazine hydrochloride (R-84760), were examined. In an opioid receptor binding assay with a guinea pig brain membrane fraction, R-84760 showed a 5 times higher affinity for the kappa-opioid receptor than CI-977, the most potent reference kappa-opioid receptor agonist, and selectivity of R-84760 for the kappa-opioid receptor was higher than that of U-69593, a highly selective kappa-opioid receptor agonist. R-84760 was functionally 2.5 times more potent than CI-977 as a kappa-opioid receptor agonist in rabbit vas deferens. Subcutaneously administered R-84760 had an antinociceptive effect in the phenylquinone writhing test in mice and its potency was 5-846 times higher than those of CI-977, U-50488, morphine, pentazocine and butorphanol. On oral administration, R-84760 was 20-2077 times more potent than the same reference drugs. The antinociceptive effect of R-84760 was not antagonized by naloxone in a dose at which naloxone antagonized the effect of morphine, but on the other hand nor-binaltorphimine antagonized the effect of R-84760 at a dose which did not affect the effect of morphine. R-84760 and the reference kappa-opioid receptor agonists produced sedative and diuretic effects in mice with the same order of potency as for the antinociceptive effect. Tolerance to the antinociceptive effect of R-84760 barely developed, and naloxone-induced jumping tests for morphine-like physical dependence of R-84760 gave negative results.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Sequence-specific cleavage of oligoribonucleotide capable of forming a stem and loop structure.
The precursor of an RNA molecule from T4-infected Escherichia coli cells (p2Sp1 RNA) has the capacity to cleave itself at specific positions ((UpA (137-138) and CpA (170-171)) within a possible loop and stem structure. This specific cleavage requires at least a monovalent cation and nonionic detergents. To confirm that the sequence-specific cleavage occurs autolytically, we studied the selective hydrolysis of RNA using a chemically synthesized 13-mer (GUUUCGUACAAAC) having sequences corresponding to G131-C143 of p2Sp1 RNA. The cleavage occurred at two identical sites (UpA and CpA) of a hairpin loop under physiological conditions and was affected by monovalent or divalent metals, nonionic detergent, salt, pH, and temperature. The hairpin loop domain and specific sequences are necessary for the cleavage of RNA 13-mer (GUUUCGUACAAAC).
Base Sequence↗