Biomedical subjects

K Saitoh

Publications and source records attributed to K Saitoh.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources

PubMed1995

Amrinone is superior to epinephrine in reversing bupivacaine-induced cardiovascular depression in sevoflurane-anesthetized dogs.

BACKGROUND: Bupivacaine-induced cardiovascular depression is known to be difficult to treat, and the efficacy of epinephrine for treatment of bupivacaine-induced cardiovascular depression is in doubt. We compared the efficacy of amrinone with that of epinephrine for the treatment of bupivacaine-induced cardiovascular depression in anesthetized dogs. METHODS: In dogs receiving 1.5-2% sevoflurane anesthesia, 0.5% bupivacaine was infused at a rate of 0.5 mg.kg-1.min-1 intravenously until mean arterial blood pressure decreased to 40 mmHg or less. In the amrinone group (n = 9), amrinone (4 mg.kg-1, intravenously) was given immediately after cardiovascular depression, followed by intravenous infusion at a rate of 0.1 mg.kg-1.min-1. In the epinephrine group (n = 9), epinephrine (0.01 mg.kg-1, intravenously) was given as a bolus, and the same dose was given again as required. RESULTS: All nine dogs that received amrinone survived. Of the nine dogs that received epinephrine, five survived; fatal cardiovascular depression developed in the four remaining animals (P < 0.05). Only one animal in the amrinone group showed tachyrhythmia with wide QRS complexes during resuscitation, whereas all nine animals in the epinephrine group showed tachyrhythmia with wide QRS complexes during resuscitation. CONCLUSIONS: Amrinone is superior to epinephrine for the treatment of bupivacaine-induced cardiovascular depression in sevoflurane-anesthetized dogs.

Amrinone↗

PubMed1995

[Familial clustering case of hepatitis delta].

We report a familial clustering case of hepatitis delta. All of the members of this family had evidence of past infection of hepatitis B. We investigated the hepatitis delta, three of the members had positive serological hepatitis delta markers. We assayed by polymerase chain reaction the primers corresponding to hepatitis delta antigen. The results of polymerase chain reaction was three positive. The 2nd polymerase chain reaction was used, two geno-type specific primers one was for Japanese S type the other was for Japanese M type7). Three were positive the 2nd polymerase chain reaction for Japanese M, one was negative for all of hepatitis delta polymerase chain reaction.

Child↗

PubMed1995

Agraphia and acalculia after a left prefrontal (F1, F2) infarction.

A patient presented with agraphia and acalculia associated with a left frontal (F1, F2) infarction. He made mainly phonological but also lexical errors in writing (syllabograms), but his ability to write kanji (morphograms) was relatively preserved. Although he could add and subtract numbers, he could neither multiply nor divide them because of a difficulty in retrieving the multiplication tables and calculation procedures. Positron emission tomography showed decreased cerebral blood flow and metabolism limited to the infarct site. These findings suggest that agraphia and acalculia may occur associated with a left prefrontal lesion, and that the retrieval of arithmetic processes is modality specific.

Agraphia↗

PubMed1995

[Anti-atheromatous effects of fenofibrate, a hypolipidemic drug. I: Anti-atheromatous effects are independent of its hypolipidemic effect in cholesterol-fed rabbits].

Anti-atheromatous effects of fenofibrate were studied in cholesterol-fed rabbits. Rabbits in the control group (HCD) and fenofibrate group (F-HCD) were fed the 0.5% cholesterol diet and the 0.5% cholesterol plus 0.11% fenofibrate diet (corresponding to ca. 30 mg/kg/day), respectively, for 2, 4 or 10 weeks. Fenofibrate did not change serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride during the feeding period. The percentage of plaque area (PPA) formation in the thoracic aorta was time-dependently increased. PPA values were reduced in the rabbits treated with fenofibrate for 2 and 4 weeks, but not in those treated for 10 weeks. Fenofibrate had no effect on the plaque thickness. The percentage of circulating free platelets in the HCD group was reduced at the 4th week of feeding, but that in the F-HCD group was not. The anti-platelet effect of fenofibrate might cause the anti-atheromatous effect. Fenofibric acid, an active metabolite of fenofibrate, had no inhibitory effect on LDL peroxidation in vitro. From these results, we conclude that fenofibrate manifests an anti-atheromatous effect independent of the hypolipidemic effect in cholesterol-fed rabbits and that it may inhibit an early event in the atherogenesis.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

[Anti-atheromatous effects of fenofibrate, a hypolipidemic drug. II: Anti-atheromatous effects are independent of its hypolipidemic effect in hereditary hyperlipidemic rabbits].

Anti-atheromatous effects of fenofibrate were studied in KHC rabbits with a hereditary deletion in LDL receptors, a defect similar to that in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits. KHC rabbits (10-weeks-old) were given a dietary admixture of fenofibrate (ca. 30 or ca. 100 mg/kg/day) for 20 weeks. Fenofibrate did not change serum total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein and triglyceride levels. Fenofibrate decreased the percent of plaque area formation in the thoracic aorta, but not the degree of foam cell formation, fibrosis and edematous change, and thickness of the intima. Furthermore, fenofibrate markedly inhibited the medial damage with foam cell formation in the aorta at week 20. From these results, we conclude that fenofibrate manifested the anti-atheromatous effect in KHC rabbit and also the previous model of cholesterol-fed rabbits, particularly against the medial damage in KHC rabbits, independent of the hypolipidemic effect.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

A salivary gland-type monomorphic adenoma with trabecular proliferation in the lung.

Salivary gland-type adenoma, especially monomorphic adenoma in the lung is very rare. We report a 66-year-old previously healthy woman who developed cough, hemosputum, and fever. Bronchoscopy revealed an endobronchial mass in the proximal portion of the left lower lobe bronchus. Following left lower lobectomy, the pathological diagnosis was an unusual monomorphic adenoma of the salivary gland-type with trabecular proliferation.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1995

Pradimicin S, a new pradimicin analog. III. Application of the frit-FAB LC/MS technique to the elucidation of the pradimicin S biosynthetic pathway.

The biosynthetic pathway of pradimicin S (PRM-S) was investigated by using sinefungin and bioconversion experiments with aglycones of pradimicin A (PRM-A) and Actinomadura spinosa AA0851, a PRM-S producer. Addition of sinefungin to the strain inhibited the formation of 11-O-demethyl-7-O-methylpradinone II (11dM-7M-PNII) as also determined to occur with its addition to the PRM-A producer. In feeding PRM-A aglycone and its analogs to the strain early in PRM-S biosynthesis, good identifications of bioconverted products were obtained by frit-FAB LC/MS as follows: 11-O-demethylpradinone II (11dM-PNII), 11dM-7M-PNII, 11-O-demethylpradinone I (11dM-PNI), 11-O-demethylpradimicinone I (11dM-PMNI) and pradimicinone I (PMNI) were converted to PRM-S. Pradimicin B (PRM-B) and pradimicin L (PRM-L) were converted to PRMs-L and -S and PRM-S, respectively. A biosynthetic pathway for PRM-S is proposed.

Actinomycetales↗

PubMed1995

[Fas antigen gene in thymuses from patients with myasthenia gravis].

The Fas antigen is a cell surface protein that can mediate apoptosis, and plays a major role in functional maturity in clonal deletion of autoreactive T cells in the thymus. Recently a cDNA encoding the human Fas antigen was isolated. It was suggested that a signal-transducing domain, along with inhibitory one, was presented in the cytoplasmic domain of the Fas antigen. We examined whether any abnormality in Fas antigen gene may breakdown the immunotolerance in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG). We used single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis, generally used to screen for unknown mutation, to examine the cytoplasmic cDNA of Fas antigen obtained by reverse transcription (rt)-PCR from mRNA of MG thymuses. Furthermore, we studied in situ expression of Fas antigen mRNA in thymuses from MG patients. Fragments from all the 12 (3 control subjects, and 9 MG patients) thymuses produced by rt-PCR showed equally stained two bands of the two single strands. In the thymuses from both controls and MG patients, the Fas antigen mRNA was mainly expressed in small thymic cells. These cells were located near clustered cells with relatively large cytoplasms in the cortex and sometimes surrounded them, but were also founded in clusters in the follicules. In situ expressions of Fas antigen mRNA were more remarkable in MG thymuses than in control subjects, and in hyperplastic thymuses than in normoplastic ones. These results suggest that mRNA for the cytoplasmic domain of the Fas antigen have no mutation, and its expression is not reduced in thymuses from patients with MG.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

[Rehabilitation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients--assessment of effects of rehabilitation based on activities of daily living (ADL)].

The 37 hospitalized RA patients undergoing rehabilitation (for 4 weeks) were evaluated on effects of rehabilitation by comparing scores of ADL at the time of admission and discharge. Items of ADL were composed of 32. Items of ADL which were likely to be disabled were related to those of ADL which were influenced by rehabilitation (r = 0.7412, p < 0.01). From this result, 11 items of ADL which were likely to be disabled and influenced by rehabilitation could be selected in order. Usefulness of these selected items of ADL on evaluation of rehabilitation was admitted.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed1995

[Continuous monitoring of arterial blood oxygen saturation with a pulse oximeter during spinal anesthesia].

The arterial oxygen saturation was continuously monitored in 50 patients under spinal anesthesia. Of the 50 patients, low oxygen saturation below 95% and/or its decrease of more than 5% was observed in 19 patients (38%). The remaining 31 patients (62%) showed a normal oxygen saturation. Pentazocine 0.5 mg.kg-1 i.v. correlated significantly with arterial oxygen desaturation (P = 0.0001). It is possible that laparotomy is associated with the desaturation (P = 0.0582). No correlation between desaturation and the other factors (level of analgesia, position during operation, and hydroxyzine premedication) was found.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

[Effect of horizontal lithotomy position on spread of hyperbaric dibucaine spinal anesthesia].

We have studied the effect of horizontal lithotomy position on the spread of hyperbaric dibucaine spinal anesthesia. In three groups of 20 patients, 7.2 mg of hyperbaric dibucaine was injected intrathecally in the lateral decubitus position. In group supine, the patients were kept in supine horizontal position in which patient's legs and thighs were extended throughout the operation. In group lithotomy A, immediately after the spinal injection, the patients were placed into the lithotomy position. In group lithotomy B, after the spinal injection, the patients were placed immediately in the supine horizontal position for 15 min and then placed into the lithotomy position. There were no significant differences in height of sensory blockade among the three groups. The lithotomy position did not significantly affect the level of sensory blockade with hyperbaric dibucaine.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[Rectal diclofenac coupled with continuous epidural infusion with buprenorphine and bupivacaine for pain relief after upper and lower abdominal surgery].

This investigation was conducted to determine the analgesic efficacy of rectal diclofenac coupled with continuous epidural infusion with buprenorphine and bupivacaine for pain relief after upper and lower abdominal surgery. Forty patients in control group received epidural buprenorphine 0.1 mg in 8 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine immediately after surgery and subsequently infusion was started with the solution of epidural buprenorphine 15 micrograms in 1 ml of 0.23% bupivacaine at a rate of 1 ml.h-1 for 48 h. Forty patients in study group received rectal diclofenac 50 mg immediately after surgery in addition to the same epidural injection method described above. Adding rectal diclofenac to continuous epidural infusion of buprenorphine and bupivacaine produced enhanced analgesia and reduced pain scores measured by VAS after upper abdominal surgery. However, after lower abdominal surgery, such effects of rectal diclofenac obtained after upper abdominal surgery were not demonstrable.

Abdomen↗

PubMed1995

[A case of primary pulmonary cryptococcosis associated with pneumothorax].

We report a case of primary pulmonary cryptococcosis. A 20-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital complaining of coughing, fever, and dyspnea on exertion. She had no underling disease or immunological abnormality. Chest X-ray film revealed bilateral diffuse infiltrative shadows, which were first believed to have been caused by a community-acquired pneumonia. Pulmonary cryptococcosis was diagnosed from the results of a transbronchial lung biopsy. After 2.5 years of anti-mycotic chemotherapy with amphotericin B and flucytosine, pneumothorax occurred in the left lung. Thoracotomy and open lung biopsy were done. Histological findings of the open lung biopsy specimens showed numerous broken cryptococcal organisms within alveolar macrophages. Diffuse fibrosis accompanied by multiple bullae may have punctured bullae or blebs and thus led to pneumothorax.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy for the detection of parathyroid lesions in patients with hyperparathyroidism].

The usefulness of 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy for the detection of parathyroid lesions was evaluated in 17 patients with hyperparathyroidism. Delayed image was used to evaluate the lesions. Detectability of MIBI for parathyroid lesions was 86% (18/21). The smallest lesion detected was parathyroid hyperplasia weighted 270 mg. Ectopic parathyroid adenoma and bone metastases of parathyroid carcinoma were clearly demonstrated. Detectability of MIBI scintigraphy for the lesions including ectopic and metastatic lesions was the highest among those of ultrasonography, CT and MRI methods. MIBI scintigraphy was thought to be useful for the detection of parathyroid lesions, especially for ectopic and metastatic lesions.

Bone Neoplasms↗

PubMed1995

[Lumbar epidurography with iohexol: the effect of aging on the leakage of contrast media from the intervertebral foramina].

The lateral and longitudinal spread of contrast media was investigated by lumbar epidurography with 8 ml of iohexol in 47 patients aged 25 yr to 86 yr. Iohexol was injected through the epidural catheter epidurally advanced by 5 cm cephalad from the L 1-4 interspace. A significant correlation was found between the longitudinal spread of iohexol and aging. No correlation was found between the leakage of iohexol from the intervertebral foramina and aging. This finding may deny the hypothesis that in elderly patients, the more extensive longitudinal spread of local anesthetics in the epidural space may be caused by its smaller leakage from the intervertebral foramina.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[A radiological analysis of the position of lumbar epidural catheters: a comparison between median and paramedian approach].

The position of lumbar epidural catheters was confirmed by radiography in 71 patients. Catheters were advanced by 5 cm cephalad in the lumbar epidural space by paramedian approach (Group P: n = 28) or median one (Group M: n = 43) and contrast media was injected through the catheters. If the contrast media was present in the paravertebral regions, the catheter was considered to be in the abnormal position. The incidence of the abnormal position of the catheters was higher in group M than in group P significantly. To advance an epidural catheter longer into the lumbar epidural space, paramedian approach may be superior to median one.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗

PubMed1995

[Diagnosis of accidental subdural block].

Accidental subdural block occurred in a 47-year-old man who underwent gastrectomy under nitrous oxide-sevoflurane anesthesia combined with continuous epidural block. The development of subdural block was suspected from unexpectedly severe hypotension with small doses of mepivacaine during operation and was confirmed by a characteristic X-ray photograph after operation. The subdural block should be suspected from abnormal changes in vital signs and by careful observation of X-ray photographs, because it is not always easy to determine the presence of contrast media either in the subdural space or in the epidural space.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗

PubMed1995

[Patient's complaints preceding severe bradycardia and hypotension during spinal anesthesia].

We reported an episode of sudden bradycardia and hypotension during spinal anesthesia, in which the patient complained of nausea before the bradycardia and hypotension were recognized by the monitors, such as, intermittent measurement of arterial pressure, electrocardiography, pulse oxymetry and continuous arterial blood gas analysis. We emphasize the importance of strict vigilance during spinal anesthesia.

Aged↗