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Biomedical subjects

K Sagisaka

Publications and source records attributed to K Sagisaka.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Hypervariable polymorphism of autosomal origin detected by the Y-chromosome derived probe, pHY10.

A recombinant DNA probe (pHY10) hybridizing specifically to human DNA family DYZ1, 3,000 copies of which are present on the long arm of the Y chromosome, was used for probing human genome DNA digested with various restriction enzymes. To our surprise, the probe detected a hypervariable polymorphism of autosomal origin in human DNA when digested with TaqI. None of other 12 restriction enzymes revealed polymorphic patterns. Codominant segregation of the polymorphism was established in family studies. This probe has been widely used in the detection of the Y chromosome. Its ease of availability as well as highly discriminating polymorphic pattern makes it potentially very useful for forensic and human genetic purposes.

DNA Probes↗
PubMed1989

Specific capture of ABH blood group antigens of the red cell or body fluids by double antibody sandwich-ELISA.

A double antibody sandwich-ELISA method for the detection of the ABH blood group of each constituent of mixed stains is described. Extracts from mixed stains were applied to microtitration plates coated with rabbit polyclonal antisera to red cells or body fluids. ABH antigens in body fluid stains which were captured by the polyclonal antibodies were detected by monoclonal anti-A and -B and enzyme-conjugated anti-mouse immunoglobulin. By this procedure, ABH antigens of only saliva, semen or red cells could be detected from mixed stains, but no ABH antigen capture activity was observed using anti-sweat, -milk, -vaginal secretion, -erythrocyte membrane and -band 3 antibodies.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1989

[Some aspects of the ABH blood group from the standpoint of personal identification].

1. Preparation of red cell or saliva specific ABH antibodies To prepare agglutinins specific for red cell (anti-Hr, -Ar and -Br) or for saliva (anti-Hs, -As and -Bs), many animals were immunized with red cell or saliva. Then antisera were alternately absorbed with saliva or red cell. By these procedures, specific anti-Hr, -Ar, -Hs, -As and -Hs were prepared. Specificity of antisera to saliva was confirmed by latex agglutination which was adsorbed with saliva. 2. Quantitation of red cell or saliva specific antigen Quantitative analyses of Hs, As and Bs in saliva were performed by agglutination inhibition test, indicating that considerable individual difference in quantity of these antigens was observed. However, the difference was proved not to be genetically controlled. On the other hand, quantity of Hr or Ar antigens were distributed similarly among H, A, B and AB groups, or between A and AB groups, respectively. 3. Localization of Hr and Hs antigen in the salivary glands Distribution of the antigen was examined by ABC technique. Hs antigen was mainly located in the serous gland and slightly in the mucous gland and ductus. However, Hr was observed mainly in red cell and slightly in the ductus. H antigen detected with U. europaeus anti-H was distributed in all the glands. 4. Heterogeneity of Ulex europaeus anti-H (UE) UE is known to consist of two isolectins (UE-1 and UE-2) with different sugar specificity. Rabbit antiserum to UE-1 or UE-2 was prepared.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1988

Vitamin D binding protein (Gc) subtypes by isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting.

The polymorphism of the human vitamin D binding protein (Gc system) was investigated in a total of 149 sera from unrelated healthy Egyptians residing in Tanta City, Gharbiya Governorate, Nile Delta of Egypt, using isoelectric focusing (IEF) in thin-layer polyacrylamide gel followed by immunoblotting. The estimated gene frequencies were Gc1s = 0.540, Gc1f = 0.242 and Gc2 = 0.218.

Egypt↗
PubMed1988

Consecutive infanticides in Japan.

A 34-year-old housewife who was arrested for patricide confessed that she had also killed six newborn infants between 1975 to 1983. She is the mother of four other children, and her husband frequently works away from home. Her motive seemed to be economic. In addition to this case, 11 other cases of three or more consecutive infanticides are recorded for the 8-year period between 1979 and 1986 in Japan. All of the suspects were the natural mothers of the murdered infants, and most of them were married. The infants were killed immediately after delivery by various methods of asphyxia, such as strangulation, throttling, smothering, or suffocation.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Detection of diatoms in blood by a combination of membrane filtering and chemical digestion.

An improved method for detecting diatom in blood is reported. Blood of cadavers was obtained by cardiac puncture at inquest or from the left atrium directly at autopsy. The blood was hemolyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and filtered through membrane filter (47 mm in diameter and 5 microns in pore size). When the blood was putrefied, two or three pieces of membranes filters were needed because of choking membrane pore. The membrane filters were digested with fuming nitric acid and diluted with distilled water. The diluted solution was filtered through membrane filter (25 mm in diameter) again. After drying the membrane filter was immersed in oil. Diatoms on the membrane filter were clearly observed microscopically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Detection of AB antigen in blood stain using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

A new method for detection of AB antigen from blood stain using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is described. Flat-bottomed-wells of polystylen plate coated with human anti-B or rabbit anti-A were sensitized with AB antigen which was extracted from blood stain with 1% octyl-glucopyranoside in 0.1 M phosphate buffer pH 8.0. Mouse monoclonal anti-A or anti-B, and peroxidase conjugated anti-mouse immunoglobulin were added to the wells, respectively. Subsequently, the substrate was dropped into the wells, and the absorbance of the solution was measured. By this method, we could distinguish AB group blood stain from the mixed stain of A and B group bloods. When rabbit antiserum was used as the first antibody, differentiation between these antigens was unsuccessful presumably because of non-specific adsorption.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1986

Red cell phosphoglucomutase (PGM1) subtypes in Egyptians.

The polymorphism of the human red cell phosphoglucomutase 1 (PGM1) in samples from Egyptians (n = 134) was investigated using isoelectric focusing in thin-layer polyacrylamide gel. In the studied population samples nine common phenotypes were observed, and the calculated frequencies for the genes PGM1+1, PGM1-1, PGM2+1 and PGM2-1 were 0.6381, 0.0821, 0.2201 and 0.0597, respectively. The observed and expected phenotypes provide a good fit to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The four alleles system will increase the probability of excluding a man falsely accused of paternity to 30% as compared with 16% if the two alleles system is used.

Egypt↗
PubMed1986

Production of carbon monoxide in cadavers.

Carbon monoxide (CO), total hemoglobin (Hb) and carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO) in the blood and reddish discolored body cavity fluids of cadavers which had not been exposed to fire and CO were analyzed. In 13 cadavers found on land, the maximum saturation of HbCO in the blood was 3.6%, and was 10.1% in the body cavity fluids. There was only one case in which the HbCO saturations in the body cavity fluids were more than 10%. In seven drowned bodies found in fresh water, the highest HbCO saturation in the blood was 6.1%, and was 44.1% in the body cavity fluids. There were three cases in which the HbCO saturations in the body cavity fluids were more than 10%. In 12 drowned bodies found in sea water, the HbCO saturations in the blood were not more than 6.2%, and the maximum saturation of HbCO in the body cavity fluids was 83.7%. There were eight cases in which the HbCO saturations in the body cavity fluids were more than 10%. The results seem to indicate that the interpretation of HbCO saturation in the blood would not be affected significantly by the postmortem formation of CO, and that body cavity fluids should not be used for CO determination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Sex determination of the human skull based upon line drawing from roentgen cephalograms.

The shape of the human skulls was studied with the aid of a personal computer to establish sex differences in quantitative anatomical terms. On the roentgen cephalograms from 50 adult males and 50 adult females, the lateral profile was transcribed onto an acetate sheet, on which the contour from the nasal apex to the forehead was digitized on a tablet digitizer into a series of dots which were input into the computer system. After this chain of dots was simulated by a spline function, the places most typically reflecting sex difference were determined in the profile based on the radius of curvature computed at each dot. The eminence of glabella and the nasal root, shown to be the places of skull apparently most characteristic of sex, were approximated to circular arcs with the least squares method, the radii of which were expected to serve for sexing. In both places, Student's t-test revealed a significant difference between the male and female groups (p less than 0.01). It was thus demonstrated that in male the eminence of glabella and the nasal concavity develop much more markedly than in female, presenting as a clear skeletal difference between both sexes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Identification of human saliva by antisera to alpha-amylase in human salivary glands.

Amylase activities were detected significantly in saliva from human, macaques and rodents and slightly in the vegetable and fruit extracts. Dried stains on filter paper prepared from human and mammalian saliva, and the vegetable and fruit extracts were subjected to starch-iodine test and blue starch polymer-agar plate test. Both tests showed strong positive reactions with the macaque and rodent saliva stains as well as human, but the vegetable and fruit stains showed clear positive reactions only in the starch-iodine test. The results suggest that these tests are not specific for human saliva and that for screening test of saliva stains, blue starch polymer-agar plate test is more suitable than starch-iodine test. Rabbit antisera against alpha-amylase isolated from the human submaxillary glands were prepared. In double immunodiffusion test with the human and mammalian saliva, human and macaque saliva produced precipitation lines. Human saliva gave patterns of partial identity with saliva from Japanese monkey and crab-eating monkey and these two macaque saliva gave total identity with each other. Anti-alpha-amylase sera absorbed with Japanese monkey saliva reacted only with human saliva. This suggested that the anti-alpha-amylase sera absorbed with macaque saliva make it possible to identify human saliva stain.

Agar↗
PubMed1986

Heat and chemical stability of blood group-specific immunoglobulins in the state of immunecomplex.

Immune agglutinin or precipitin loses its reactivity with the corresponding antigen by heating or some chemicals. A. Se group saliva or M group blood stain was sensitized with human IgM anti-A or rabbit IgG anti-M serum, respectively. After being washed with saline, the stains were heated or treated with formalin or 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) of various concentrations. The immunoreactivity of the antibodies in the state of immunecomplex was examined by the mixed agglutination or elution test, indicating IgM and IgG antibodies in the state of immunecomplex were proof against heating up to 150 degrees C for 10 min and against formalin and 2-ME of high concentrations. It is considered that IgM and IgG acquire a new property of heat and chemical stability by formation of immunecomplex although they are substantially heat and chemical labile.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

A new individual variation of saliva detected with rabbit anti-human saliva serum.

A rabbit anti-saliva hyperimmune serum was raised against pooled human saliva. After absorption with human serum and semen, the immune serum formed two or three distinct precipitation lines with human saliva by the Ouchterlony method. Based on the presence or absence of a precipitation line, close to the antigen well designated as Pl, all human saliva were divided into two groups; Pl+ and Pl-. The incidence of Pl+ saliva was 114 out of 154 samples (74%). By immunoelectrophoresis with anti-saliva serum preabsorbed with Pl- saliva, Pl+ saliva formed a precipitation line in cathodal area. No amylase activity was found in this precipitation line but it was stained with the Schiff's reagent. Pl protein was isolated by Sephadex G-100 and ion-exchange chromatography. Isoelectric focusing of the Pl protein in polyacrylamide slab gel containing urea revealed that the protein differed from any known parotid salivary proteins such as Pr, Db, Pa and Pm.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Semiquantitation of ABH antigens specific for red blood cells.

H and A antigens expressed only in the RBC were quantitated using specific antisera, and the amount of the antigens was compared with that of total H and A antigens shared by the RBC and saliva. Total H antigen decreased in the order of O, A, B and AB blood groups. However, H antigen specific for the RBC distributed similarly among four blood groups. In addition, the amount of total A antigen in A group was more than that of AB group, but the difference in the amount of A antigen specific for the RBC was not significant between the two blood groups. B antigen specific for the RBC was not examined because of failure in preparing specific anti-B serum. In conclusion, the quantitative difference of the total H or A between A and AB groups might be due to the difference in the amount of antigen common to the RBC and saliva but not one specific for the RBC.

ABO Blood-Group System↗