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Biomedical subjects

K S Reddy

Publications and source records attributed to K S Reddy.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Valve replacement in children under twenty years of age. Experience with the Björk-Shiley prosthesis.

Prosthetic valve replacement in young patients has been reported to be associated with a high mortality and morbidity because of valve-related problems. Of 549 patients undergoing valve replacement with the Björk-Shiley valve prosthesis, 136 were under the age of 20 years. Sixty-four patients were under 16 years of age, the youngest being 6 years old. Of the 136 patients, 61 underwent mitral valve replacement, 50 received an aortic valve, and 25 received both aortic and mitral valves. Overall operative mortality was 10.3%. Late mortality over a follow-up period of 6 months to 8 years was 4.4%. Actuarial survival curves up to 8 years of follow-up are presented. Results obtained in this group are compared with those obtained in 413 patients over 20 years of age operated during the same period. Valve thrombosis was not seen in any patient under 20 years of age, but it occurred in 4.13% of the patients over 20 years of age. The incidence of thromboembolism and anticoagulant-related hemorrhage was very low. There has been no instance of structural failure of the valve. Long-term results are excellent, with 90% of the survivors returning to New York Heart Association Functional Class I. The Björk-Shiley valve gives excellent and durable long-term palliation in young patients requiring valve replacement.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1982

Radiation therapy in primary carcinoma of the vagina.

The experiences with irradiation of 25 patients with primary carcinoma of the vagina are presented. The 3-year survival was 36 per cent despite the fact that most of the cases were advanced. Further improvements in survival may probably be achieved with extension of the radium implantation to paravaginal tissues. Choice and technique of treatment must be individualized. Surgery is limited to the more advanced cases with involvement of the bladder and rectum.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Structural chromosomal anomaly in mental retardation.

This article reports the structural chromosomal anomaly in three patients with mental retardation: (i) Proband was a five year old girl with reciprocal retardation (1; 2) (p32; q11) (ii) Proband, female of 14 years. Her karyotype showed translocation (1; 3) (q42; q13). The translocations were de novo in origin (iii) Proband showed variant 13 as the giant satellite over its short arm, and this was paternal in origin. Proband, eighteen months old male child had microcephaly and seizures. These two features may be because of autosomal recessive condition. This report emphasises the need for kayotyping to provide a clear cut diagnosis and appropriate counselling.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunologic and immunogenetic studies in rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease.

In order to evaluate all the important limbs of the immune system in the same patient population with rheumatic fever (RF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) cellular and humoral immune parameters as well as the immunogenetic profile in 265 North Indian patients with RHD were evaluated. They were studied for class in HLA antigens and 165 of them were also evaluated for the class II (DR locus) antigen profile. Data obtained was compared with 400 and 134 healthy controls respectively of the same ethnicity. Humoral immune parameters (Serum immunoglobulins IgG, IgA; Serum complement fractions C3, C4, C3d; circulating immune complexes and B lymphocyte numbers) and cellular immune parameters (total leucocyte and lymphocyte counts; T lymphocyte sub-populations--CD4, CD8 counts; lymphocyte migration inhibition to an extracellular streptococcal antigen, streptolysin 'O') were studied in 23 patients with RF, 21 patients with "inactive" RHD and 20 normal controls. Patients of RHD were noted to have an increased frequency of DR3 (P less than 0.001; Relative risk = 2.3) and a decreased frequency of DR2 (P less than 0.001; Relative risk = 0.3) as compared to the controls. Patients of RF had evidence of an altered regulatory T cell function (increased CD4/CD8 ratio) and decreased cell mediated immunity to streptolysin 'O'. An increased humoral immune response (increased B cell counts, elevated serum IgG, circulating immune complexes and C3d) was noted in patients of RF as well as "inactive" RHD. An integrated pathogenetic model with immune response associated antigens of the DR locus influencing selection of cardiac cross-reactive antigens by the antigen processing macrophages, an altered regulatory T cell function with decreased suppressor T cell activity leading to an abnormal immune response is proposed to explain the pathogenesis of RF.

HLA Antigens↗