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Biomedical subjects

K Roth

Publications and source records attributed to K Roth.

46 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Metabolism of nafronyl in man.

The metabolism of nafronyl (I) has been studied in man. In addition to small amounts of the parent compound, three acidic metabolites were extracted from urine. The chemical structures of all metabolites were determined by using mass spectrometry and [1H]-NMR spectroscopy as tetrahydro-beta-(1-nephthalenylmethyl)-2-furanpropionic acid (II) and two stereoisomers of 3-(1-naphthalenylmethyl)-tetrahydrofuran-2-one-5-propionic acid (III, IV). The biodegradation products III and IV are formed after oxidation of the tetrahydrofuran system in II, hydrolytic ring opening of the gamma-butyrolacton and a subsequent formation of a gamma-butyrolacton ring with the second carboxyl group. The three metabolites represent the major fraction of unconjugated products in the urine of man after administration of nafronyl.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pancreastatin distribution and plasma levels in the pig.

Pancreastatin is a peptide isolated from porcine pancreas which has insulin-suppressive actions in vitro and sequence homology with chromogranin A. Using radioimmunoassay and immunocytochemistry we investigated whether pancreastatin has a more widespread distribution and a possible endocrine role in the pig. Pancreastatin immunoreactivity was found in plasma, adrenal gland, pancreas, anterior pituitary and throughout the gastrointestinal tract. The immunoreactivity was colocalized with chromogranin immunoreactivity in endocrine cells and ultrastructurally (in the pancreas) to storage granules. Characterization of pancreastatin-like immunoreactivity, using gel permeation and high performance liquid chromatography, separated 3 different pancreastatin-like immunoreactive forms: one molecular form, indistinguishable from synthetic pancreastatin 1-49, was predominant in pancreas and thyroid and released into the circulation postprandially. However, a high dose (greater than 1 nmol/l) infusion of pancreastatin 33-49 (the biologically active moiety in vitro) into conscious pigs had no effect on either basal or glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Stereoscopic MR imaging.

The visual fusion of two projection or slice-selective magnetic resonance (MR) images taken at two oblique angles imparts three-dimensional (3D) information within the projection or slice. This approach to 3D MR is rapid and straightforward, requiring only two oblique images and, at most, only a simple optical stereoscope for viewing. Stereoscopic images of the vascular system of a rat were obtained using the intravascular contrast agent albumin-(Gd-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid). Stereoscopic images of the human head showing CSF distribution were acquired using a long echo time sequence. These images illustrate the potential clinical applications of this technique.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vascular mapping using albumin-(Gd-DTPA), an intravascular MR contrast agent, and projection MR imaging.

An intravascular magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agent is valuable for vascular mapping of tissues when used in combination with projection spin-echo MR imaging. The primary advantage of using projection imaging lies in its global depiction of anatomy. Also, relatively short echo time values can be readily achieved, reducing flow dephasing signal losses from blood and increasing overall signal-to-noise. These advantages, coupled with the reduction of blood pool T1 values due to the presence of the intravascular contrast agent, allow for detailed spatial mapping of slow-flow vascular structures using MR.

Albumins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sustained flexibility in infant feeding tubes containing nonmigrating plasticizer.

Due to medical complications related to stiffness developed in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) feeding tubes presently manufactured with di-octylphthalate (DOP), we have assessed the flexibility of PVC tubes manufactured with a nonmigrating plasticizer, ti-octyltrimellitate (TOTM) (National Catheter Co., Argyle, NY). Two sizes of DOP and TOTM PVC feedings tubes were evaluated, #5 French and #8 French. Number 5 French DOP tubes became significantly stiffer as early as 1 to 2 days after intubation and continued to stiffen up to 8 days of use. Among the #5 French DOP tubes, those placed in the jejunum were found to become significantly stiffer than those placed in the stomach. No correlations were found between the development of stiffness and gestational age, postnatal age, sex, birthweight, or kinds of feedings. In contrast, #5 French TOTM and #8 French tubes (DOP and TOTM) did not develop any significant stiffness up to 5 to 8 days of use. This study demonstrates the sustained flexibility of TOTM tubes, and important factor to increase the safety of enteral feedings in newborn infants.

Benzoates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Simultaneous bilateral central catheters: a safe technique.

Optimal central catheter care includes restriction usage for blood sampling and blood product administration on enhance continued sterility, but our experience with 25 children receiving bone marrow transplants after cytoreduction challenges this concept. Prior to transplantation, bilateral percutaneous subclavian vein silastic catheters were inserted without incident, one utilized for continuous nutritional support in caloric quantity to assure body weight maintenance, and the contralateral catheter utilized for daily venous sampling plus administration of medications including blood products. Patients subsequently entered a protective environment and bi-weekly surveillance cultures were monitored. Nutritional therapy was given for 876 days through 53 catheters. One patient developed culture-proven sepsis, an organism first cultured from the skin. The patient complication rate of 4% and the per diem rate of 0.11% in this immunocompromised population compares favorably to the 10.5 and 0.32% incidence we previously reported for 200 children with unilateral catheters. These data demonstrate that bilateral central catheters can be safely utilized in children for nutrition and sampling.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CANDI. Development of the automated nursing assessment tool.

This article describes the results of the first phase of an interdisciplinary project to develop an expert system to aid in nursing diagnosis. The overall system, called CANDI (Computer Aided Nursing Diagnosis and Intervention), is reviewed briefly, and development of the automated (computerized) assessment guide is described in detail. Lessons learned from initial evaluation of the system, and the resulting modifications, also are discussed along with preparations for the next phase--development of the knowledge base.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗