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Biomedical subjects

K Roosen

Publications and source records attributed to K Roosen.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Diagnosis of brain death].

From the medical, the juridical as well as the theological point of view brain death represents the death of an individual. According to the German Chamber of Physicians, acute brain damage with coma, absence of all brainstem reflexes and apnoe allows the diagnosis of cerebral death, if repetition of the physical examination after distinct time intervals documents the irreversibility of this state. Additional investigations such as EEG, evoked potentials (BAEP), transcranial doppler sonography, brain scintigraphy or cerebral angiography allow to shorten this period if electrocortical silence, absence of waves 3-5 of BAEP or the cessation of cerebral perfusion has been proven. Strict observation of these criteria is mandatory for the diagnosis of brain death.

Brain Death↗
PubMed1992

Surgery, dopamine agonist therapy of combined treatment--results in prolactinoma patients after a 12 month follow-up.

In a non-randomized retrospective study n = 36 prolactinoma patients (n = 7 micro- and n = 29 macroadenomas) were evaluated before (E0), 4 (E1) and 52 weeks (E2) after applying 3 different treatment modalities: A dopamine agonist (DA) therapy (n = 14), B surgery as initial procedure (n = 12) and oral DA therapy, C DA preinjection, subsequent surgery (n = 10) and oral DA medication. T0 outline the effect of the 3 regimens upon serum prolactin (PRL) and tumour size reduction, clinical signs and symptoms, anterior/posterior pituitary lobe function and MRI/CT findings were evaluated in each patient at E0, E1 and E2. In group A, PRL normalization was achieved in n = 10 patients (71%), although the frequency of an empty sella was only one out of 12 macroprolactinoma patients (less than 10%). Patients of group C showed the lowest PRLE2 levels (32 +/- 11 ng/ml, normalization rate 60%), although not statistically significant when compared with the other groups (A: 41 +/- 28 ng/ml, B: 114 +/- 33 ng/ml, normalization rate 31%). According to MRI studies in groups B and C total removal was achieved in 33% and 50% of macroprolactinomas, respectively. The most favourable ratio of the leading pre/posttreatment signs and symptoms was observed in patients of group C. It was concluded that no superiority of either treatment regimen exists for prolactinoma patients. Each mode of therapy has its own benefits which may be applied to the different biological behaviour of a prolactinoma in the respective patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Communicating syringomyelia and syringobulbia after surgery of a spinal epidural tuberculoma].

In a 46 year old patient a syringomyelia and syringobulbia were diagnosed clinically 18 years after a transverse lesion of the cord and removal of an epidural spinal tuberculoma. Post-myelographic CT and NMR scans showed a communicating syringomyelia and syringobulbia. A flavectomy was performed and a syringopleural shunt implanted. The operation was successful by neuroradiological criteria. Clinically there was a worsening of the spastic gait during one-year follow up. Neuroradiological findings and etiology of the syrinx are discussed, and a causal relationship to the tuberculoma is proposed.

Brain Stem↗
PubMed1991

[Surgical treatment of cervical intervertebral disk displacement].

The aim of operative treatment in degenerative cervical disc disease is the decompression of nerval structures. Generally this can be achieved either by an anterior or posterior approach. In our opinion the anterior way seems to be more favourable because the protruded vertebral disc can be totally removed in a direct approach. Besides this you can get a better survey of the spinal cord and the nerve roots. Fusion or not fusion after discectomy is discussed controversially. We prefer fusion to avoid pain caused by temporary instability. Since 1968 we treated 1,112 patients by this way and we used PMMA for fusion instead of a bone graft. No disadvantage of this method could be noticed. The results and complications are compared to those reported in the literature.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed1990

[Criteria and diagnosis of brain death].

"Brain death" ist the irreversible loss of function of the whole brain. The syndrome is identical with individual death. The correct determination of brain death is important as further treatment makes no sense and as tissue donation now can be taken into account. The recommendations of the scientific advisory board of the German General Medical Council for determination of brain death from 1986 as well as the own experiences with the "brain death syndrome" and the preparations for tissue donation are discussed.

Brain Death↗
PubMed1990

[Complications of ventral fusion operations in degenerative intervertebral disk diseases].

1112 anterior cervical fusion operations were performed on 951 patients according to the method described for the first time by Grote in 1970. The neurogenic, mechanical and inflammatory complications arising with this method are described. The typical complications are demonstrated by means of case reports and their possible causes are discussed. The incidence rate of the individual complications is compared with that reported in the literature for a total of 8366 fusions performed on 6384 patients.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed1988

[Stress stable spondylodesis in injuries of the lower cervical spine].

In view of the high incidence of late instability in the conservative treatment of cervical spine fractures, operative stabilization should be performed as soon as possible. Besides immediate decompression of the spinal cord, rapid mobilisation of the patient without external fixation is possible. We report on the results of operative treatment in 97 patients with injuries of the lower cervical spine. The indication to spondylodesis as well as the operative methods and their complications are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Complications in lumbar intervertebral disk operations].

During the period from 1980 to 1985 we performed 1957 lumbar disc operations. In 1720 (87.9%) first operations and 237 patients (12.1%) with reoperation we found 127 complications (6.5%). General complications occurred in 1.6%, infection in 2.8%, mechanical complications in 1.6% and neurological complications in 0.5%. The rate was, except for general complications much higher in reoperation (16%) than in first operation (5.2%). We found 1.1% postoperative irreversible neurological complications. Further operative treatment because of complications was necessary in 2.3%. The types and causes of complications are discussed and compared with the results in the literature.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1988

[Therapy and prognosis of brain tumors in the 1st years of life].

37 infants with brain tumours diagnosed in the first three years of life were studied. Among the 28 histologically verified tumours were 7 ependymomas, 6 medulloblastomas, 5 cerebellar astrocytomas, 3 astrocytomas and 2 spongioblastomas of the optic nerve. Features of clinical symptoms, therapy and follow-up studies are described. 7 infants survived in long-term follow-up with good or fair quality of life. Results of treatment were satisfactory in cerebellar astrocytomas only.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

[Granular cell tumor of the orbit].

The authors report on the rare case of the intraorbital localisation of a granular cell tumour. Nature, histogenesis and biological behaviour of this lesion are discussed. The therapeutical consequences are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Indications and results of sensory rhizotomy in cicatricial lumbar radiculitis syndromes].

12 out of 2076 patients (0.6%) with lumbar disc surgery from 1980 to 1986 were selected for dorsal rhizotomy because of persisting complaints. Almost all of these patients had several lumbar operations before undergoing rhizotomy. The long-term results are very poor. Only 15.4% of all patients showed pain relief, 70% did not return to their employment. Complications occurred in 23%. Patient selection modalities for operation and pathophysiologic causes explaining the bad results are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Slit ventricle--clinical syndrome or radiologic phenomenon?].

Between 1976 and 1982 336 patients with an age range from several days to 65 years, were treated by ventriculo-atrial or peritoneal shunt, because of internal hydrocephalus of different origins. Regular computerized tomographies demonstrated slit-ventricles in 36 patients. Twenty-eight patients were free of complaints. In 8 patients there were symptoms like nausea and vomiting. In 5 patients these complaints were explainable by other diseases. In only 3 patients these signs were caused by increased intracranial pressure because of ventricular-catheter obliteration. In these 3 cases an enlargement of the ventricles at the time of obliteration was seen. In our series slit-ventricles were seen only as a radiological phenomenon. There was no necessity for neurosurgical treatment at all.

Adolescent↗