Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Robson

Publications and source records attributed to K Robson.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

GERD progressing to diffuse esophageal spasm and then to achalasia.

The pathophysiology of achalasia is not completely understood. Several reports have suggested that esophageal motility disorders may progress from one type to another. We report a patient with symptoms and esophageal motility findings consistent with gastroesophageal reflux who subsequently developed a diffuse esophageal spasm and then achalasia. We believe this to be the first report showing such a progression in esophageal motility.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Wilms' tumor: a 25-year review of the role of preoperative chemotherapy.

PURPOSE: This 25-year population based, single institution review was conducted to investigate the impact of preoperative chemotherapy on surgical and histological staging in patients with Wilms' tumors. RESULTS: Forty-nine patients under the age of 15 years were identified from case notes to have had histologically verified Wilms' tumors over the 25-year period from January 1972 to December 1996. Twenty-six patients were treated initially with preoperative chemotherapy, 23 with immediate surgery. Eleven had treatment randomized within the UKCCSG WT9101 trial (UKWT3), and the remainder received initial treatment according to unit policy. Surgical stages in the two groups (preoperative chemotherapy and immediate surgery) were respectively, stage 1:14(28.5%) and 11 (22.5%), stage II: one (2%) and eight (16.3%), stage III: 11 (22.5%) and four (8.2%). Seven patients had clinical stage IV disease at presentation. Histology results were favorable in 45 patients and unfavorable in four. All patients received chemotherapy during treatment, whereas 25 (51%) also received radiotherapy. No significant difference was evident in the two groups with respect to treatment-related morbidity. Five patients relapsed, three of whom died within the period of review, but a fourth has since died. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that the use of preoperative chemotherapy does not put the patient at increased risk of postoperative morbidity or reduced survival. The distribution of surgical stages suggests that limited tumor downstaging may have occurred as a result of preoperative chemotherapy.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1997

Heparanases produce distinct populations of heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans in Chinese hamster ovary cells.

Once internalized, cell-associated heparan sulfate proteoglycans are degraded to short glycosaminoglycans by the action of endoglycosidases or heparanases. We have begun to address the question of how many heparanases are responsible for this process by analyzing short heparan sulfate chains produced in vivo by Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell heparanases. Short heparan sulfate chains were purified from CHO cells and labeled at the reducing end with [3H]NaBH4. Hydrolysis of the chains to monosaccharides and analysis of the 3H-sugar alcohols indicate that heparanase activities in CHO cells are endo-beta-glucuronidases. The modification state of the heparanase-derived glycosaminoglycans was examined by treating the [3H]heparan sulfate chains with nitrous acid or bacterial heparin lyases, which cut the chain at specific sequences, and analyzing the products by P2 gel filtration chromatography. Two populations of short chains were identified that differ in the extent of modification on the nonreducing side of the heparanase cleavage site. One class of chains is unmodified for at least 9 residues from the reducing end, while the other group has a modified domain within 3-7 residues from the heparanase cleavage site. Our results suggest a model of heparanase action where the enzymes recognize differences in sulfate content between modified and unmodified regions and bind to sites that encompass both domains. The enzymes then cleave the glycosaminoglycan at junctions between the modified and unmodified sequences to produce the different populations of short heparan sulfate chains.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Focal myositis: an unusual cause of bilateral upper eyelid swellings.

Focal myositis is considered a rare self-limiting inflammatory swelling of skeletal muscle. Focal involvement of individual muscle or muscle groups with severe myopathic and inflammatory changes characterizes the histology. We report the development of progressive focal myositis in both upper eyelids of a 34 year old man that responded to immunosuppressive therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A study of the local toxicity of agents used for variceal injection sclerotherapy.

Injection sclerotherapy is widely used in the treatment of oesophageal varices. However, few studies have compared the local toxicity of sclerosant agents which may be important if serious local complications are to be avoided. In this study the depth of injury caused by submucosal injection of increasing concentrations of sodium tetradecyl sulphate, polidocanol, 5% ethanolamine oleate and 5% varicosid in rabbits stomach, has been compared by histopathological examination. Macroscopic ulceration was seen in 14.6% of injection sites. Increasing concentrations of sodium tetradecyl sulphate and polidocanol produced increasingly extensive microscopic inflammation. Five percent varicosid caused more inflammation than 5% ethanolamine and only 3% polidocanol and 5% varicosid caused full thickness inflammation. Only 5% ethanolamine produced inflammation consistently confined to the mucosa and submucosa. On the basis of this study we feel that 5% ethanolamine is the most suitable agent for injection sclerotherapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Previous induced abortion and ante-natal depression in primiparae: preliminary report of a survey of mental health in pregnancy.

One hundred and nineteen primiparae, who were routinely attending ante-natal clinics, were interviewed repeatedly between the 12th and 36th weeks of their pregnancies. The incidence of depression was highest in the first trimester and, overall, about a fifth of the sample was found to be suffering from clinically significant neurotic disturbances. In a proportion of these expectant mothers there was an association between depression and anxiety early in pregnancy and a previous history of induced abortion; this phenomenon may reflect a reactivation of mourning which was previously suppressed.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Donkey work.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Career Mobility↗