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Biomedical subjects

K Rickels

Publications and source records attributed to K Rickels.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Emotional distress patterns among women having first or repeat abortions.

Thirty-five percent of a sample of 413 women undergoing first-trimester abortions were repeating abortions. All patients rated their emotional symptoms on an SCL-90 scale and completed a brief demographic questionnaire. Preabortion and postabortion emotional distress factors and associated demographic characteristics were compared for women having first and those undergoing repeat abortions. Elevated distress levels were similar in both groups prior to abortion procedures, particularly depression, anxiety, and somatization. After abortion, repeat aborters continued to have significantly higher emotional distress scores in dimensions relating to interpersonal relationships. The variables that discriminated most between first and repeat abortion groups were number of living children, race, and phobic anxiety.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1979

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory in predicting response to pharmacotherapy of neurotic outpatients.

The utility of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) in predicting treatment response to pharmacotherapy for a group of 54 anxious and 43 depressed outpatients was examined. Discriminant function analyses using the MMPI scales were conducted on groups of improved and unimproved patients. Several significant function, as well as zero-order, differences were found. In general, improved patients scored significantly lower on scales reflecting depression and obsessive-compulsive or schizoid tendencies. They also obtained lower scores on scales measuring interpersonal sensitivity and suggestive of character traits such as low frustration tolerance, impulsivity, and resentment toward authority figures. Additional analyses in which several different profile types were compared for treatment outcome revealed few differences among groups.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1979

Nonspecific factors and side effect complaints. Factors affecting the incidence of drowsiness in drug and placebo treated anxious and depressed outpatients.

Discriminant function analyses were applied to data obtained from anxious psychiatric outpatients treated with either chlordiazepoxide (n = 353) or placebo (n = 259) and depressed outpatients treated with either amitriptyline (n = 310) or placebo (n = 328), who had participated in controlled drug trials of 4 weeks' duration, in an attempt to identify factors associated with complaints of drowsiness made by these patients. Although the magnitude of the relationships between individual predictors and drowsiness was small, several factors emerged which had consistent impact across treatment groups. Predictors of complaints of drowsiness attributed to active drugs arose primarily from demographic attributes probably reflective of life style, and from illness and treatment history. In contrast, predictors of drowsiness attributed to placebo were almost exclusively confined to indices of the severity of several aspects of presenting symptomatology. In particular, more frequent complaints of drug-induced drowsiness were found among better educated individuals with an illness of long duration. Complaints of placebo-induced drowsiness were more common among patients with more severe emotional (phobic-obsessive) symptomatology and more frequent headaches and among those individuals in whom hypochondriasis was less severe.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Emotional distress in morning-after pill patients.

The self-administered SCL-90 test was utilized to collect emotional distress data on 120 female patients requesting morning-after pill pregnancy interception. SCL prescores were significant in anxiety, guilt and depression factors. The 2-week post-treatment results showed a significant decrease in these factors. This test provides reliable measurement of emotional distress factors in gynecologic GYN patients. The results must be considered supportive for the use of DES interceptive therapy in spite of other clinical considerations relative to its safety.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1978

Use of antianxiety agents in anxious outpatients.

The present paper reviews the role of antianxiety agents in the treatment of nonpsychotic anxious patients. Major emphasis is placed on findings from clinical trials conducted by this research group. Consideration is given to the relative efficacy of available antianxiety agents, to patients response in relation to patterns of symptomatology, and to the degree of symptom relief experienced by drug-treated anxious patients. Also discussed are some of the many nonspecific factors that affect improvement with drug treatment in general and with the benzodiazepines in particular. It is concluded that many anxious patients are not currently receiving adequate drug treatment, and may require longer periods of drug therapy or supplemental nondrug intervention.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1978

Prediction of response to chlordiazepoxide and placebo in anxious outpatients: an attempt at replication.

The present study seeks to determine the extent to which a set of non-specific factors can stably predict response to either chlordiazepoxide (CDZ) or placebo (PBO) and the extent to which such prediction is specific to or distinctive for each treatment agent. For this purpose data were assembled for 447 primarily anxious neurotic outpatients treated with either CDZ or PBO in 4 week double blind drug trials performed over the past ten years and divided into two comparable subsamples for each treatment agent. A series of analyses revealed modest replicability but considerable drug specificity for a Global improvement measure. Replicability was considerable higher for a patient measure of Symptom Change, but its specificity to treatment agent was considerably less.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Double-blind trial of thiothixene and chlorpromazine in acute schizophrenia.

In a double-blind trial of chlorpromazine and thiothixene conducted with 79 acutely ill, newly hospitalized schizophrenic patients, chlorpromazine and thiothixene were shown to be equally effective in producing meaningful symptomatic improvment over an average period of approximately 3 weeks, as measured by Global Assessments (CGI), BPRS, and NOSIE.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Diazepam and halazepam in anxiety: some prognostic indicators.

A multiple step-search regression procedure was applied to data obtained with 37 diazepam and 42 halazepam treated anxious outpatients. Good treatment outcome was predicted for those patients who reported a more adequate family adjustment, the presence of precipitating stress, and who either had no prior psychotropic drug treatment, or if they had received such treatment, had experienced a good response. Probably of greatest interest to the practicing clinician was the observation that patients high in initial anxiety but low in initial interpersonal problems improved the most with both medications. Differential drug effects indicated halazepam to do particularly poorly in less anxious patients and in those patients given a good prognosis by the doctor. Diazepam response was much less affected by these variables. It is speculated that the excessive sedating effect of the daily halazepam dosage (160 mg/d) used in this study may explain these differential drug effects. In the dosages employed, namely, diazepam 20 mg/d and halazepam 160 mg/d, diazepam produced the more consistent anti-anxiety effects. The indication that halazepam 160 mg/d was more effective than diazepam 20 mg/d in the initially sicker patients, while of interest, is probably simply a dose-related phenomenon, indicating that diazepam 20 mg/d was too low a daily dosage for severely anxious patients, a fact well known by most clinicians.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Doxepin versus imipramine in psychoneurotic depressed patients with sleep disturbance: a double-blind study.

This double-blind randomized study compared the effects of imipramine (48 patients) and doxepin (49 patients) in psychoneurotic depressed patients with sleep disturbance symptoms. Mean doses of 112.7 mg/day for doxepin and 116.7 mg/day for imipramine were administered for a mean period of 26 days. While both drugs proved effective, 24 of 27 analyses of covariance showed imipramine to be superior to doxepin. This superiority was statistically significant for the anxiety/depression factor measured on the Hamilton Depression Scale and for the total score, general neurotic feelings factor, cognitive performance difficulty factor and anger-hostility cluster on the Lepman-Rickels Scale. Mild-to-moderate side effects were prevalent to a comparable degree in both treatment groups.

Adjustment Disorders↗