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Biomedical subjects

K Richter

Publications and source records attributed to K Richter.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Covered uterine rupture in uterus bicornis with placenta increta. A case report].

The case of a woman patient of 30 years of age is reported in whom spontaneous rupture of the uterus occurred in the 22nd week of pregnancy due to a uterus bicornis with placenta increta. The very rare disease pattern, which is often associated with many complications, of a disturbance of implantation of the placenta, often demands immediate surgery and can mostly be diagnosed only retrospectively. Hence, an early recognition method would be desirable. Basing on the literature, the significant rôle played by sonographic diagnosis in this connection is pointed out.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Significance of radiologic pelvic viscerography for rational therapy of female stress incontinence].

The rational therapy of stress incontinence requires a knowledge of the pathologico-anatomical physiology of the urorectogenital tract of the female pelvis. The usual urethrocystography gives only very incomplete, and in the case of the chain method, misleading information. Viscerography (Wick - urethro-cysto-colpo-rectoanography), however, informs about the possibilities and requirements of appropriate anatomical procedures in a complete and objective manner. The development, practice, interpretation and indication of the viscerography are thoroughly discussed and demonstrated by means of typical examples, on the basis of more than 2000 viscerograms.

Female↗
PubMed1987

[Roentgenologic data patterns and hemodynamics in biopsy-proven dilated myocardial diseases].

The chest plain images of 63 patients suffering from histologically proved dilated myocardial diseases: primary cardiomyopathy (27), active and residual myocarditis (23), toxic cardiomyopathy (3), endomyocardial fibrosis (2), thesaurismotic cardiomyopathy (2), obstructive intramural fine vessel diseases (6) were analysed and correlated with invasively determined parameters: end-diastolic volume index, wall mass index, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, pulmonary artery mean pressure, ejection fraction. The x-ray findings proved to occur in four different patterns which were defined as left heart involvement and three different patterns of bilateral left and right heart involvement representing various stages of left heart failure. This kind of image evaluation with functional classification is characterized by increased sensitivity, accuracy and information in detail in comparison with the heart lung index or other usual procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Comparison of lard-tallow mixture and bone fat in digestion and growth experiments in calves].

Male calves between 15 and 26 days old and with a live weight between 45 and 46 kg received dried skim milk dissolved in water plus fat concentration from lard--suet mixtures made with a synthetic emulsifier of the type ethoxylated partial ester with and without soybean lecithin supplement. One group received bone fat with an emulsifier as sole fat component. In the course of 9 experiment weeks the calves of the lard--suet group without lecithin reached an average daily weight gain of 710 g, which was not significantly better than the gains of 689 g of the lard--suet group with lecithin and of 674 g of the bone fat group. The calves of the lard--suet group with lecithin did not digest the feed fat significantly better than the calves in the other two groups. The quota of fatty acids in the feed distinctly influenced the composition of the fatty acids in the intestines, the kidneys and the hypodermis. With the example of suet the general relationship between the fatty acid patterns of the feed and body fats are recognizable, with the fatty acids C 16:0, C 18:2 and C 18:3 having a lower and C 16:1, C 18:0 and C 18:1 having a higher quota in the suet than in the feed fat. Due to the application of high amounts of bone fat, vegetable oil or sea animal fat there are deviations from this rule. There is a higher quota of linolenic acid in the suet of the calves than in butter fat but a lower quota than in foreign fat.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1987

Gold colitis induced by auranofin treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: case report and review of the literature.

A case of ulcerative colitis occurred during treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with the new oral gold preparation auranofin after a cumulative dose of 2160 mg. A barium enema showed loss of mucosal pattern and a rectal biopsy disclosed deep erosions, mucosal inflammation, and crypt abscesses. Precipitates of gold were seen in the periglandular stroma. On electron microscopy the gold deposits seemed to be identical to granules described in gold nephropathy. As the extrapolated serum gold level was within the normal range at the onset of the complication, the morphological findings suggested a local toxicity of the drug. The patient recovered within 14 days of withdrawal of auranofin and the start of therapy with sulphasalazine and steroids. A review of the published work shows that the previously reported mortality in gold colitis of 40% has decreased in recent years. The causes of this decrease may be both the earlier diagnosis of gold colitis and the improved intensive care of its severe complications.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1987

[Comparative analysis of enzyme activities in endomyocardial biopsy samples of patients with various cardiomyopathies].

41 patients have been investigated using invasive techniques including left ventricular endomyocardial biopsy. One of six specimens per patient was investigated biochemically. 8 pts. (group A) suffered from dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), 13 (group B) from sarcoidosis of the lungs, 20 (group C) from so-called latent cardiomyopathy (LCM). The histological diagnoses were: normal (3 pts.), small vessel disease (4 pts.), unknown etiology (4 pts.), post myocarditis (6 pts.), residual myocarditis (12 pts.), active myocarditis (5 pts.), suspected toxic myocardial disease (6 pts.), Fabry's disease (1 pt.). The enzyme/isoenzyme activities of malate dehydrogenase (MDH), aspartate amino transferase (ASAT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured and compared in different hemodynamic and histologic groups. The enzyme activities from patients with impaired left ventricular function were increased. Independent from left ventricular function the activities of MDH, ASAT and LDH as well mitochondrial isoenzymes were decreased in active and residual myocarditis. The isoenzyme LDH M was increased significantly in active myocarditis and suspected toxic myocardial disease. The measurements of LDH enzyme/isoenzyme profile in myocardial tissue obtained by endomyocardial biopsy seem to support the histological diagnosis of active myocarditis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Coronary surgery in females].

In the last three years, of a total of 617 patients undergoing surgery for ischemic heart disease, 53 were women (8.6%). With one exception, all were in or shortly before the menopause. As compared with men, the women were found to have a preponderance of risk factors. The most unfavorable combination, that of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, was present in one-third of the patients. Hospital mortality for isolated revascularization was higher in women at 4.9% than in men at 1.5%. The one-year survival rates, however, of 94.4% and 95%, respectively, did not differ between the two sexes. In women, the number of grafts per patient was 2.1 as compared with 2.9 in men. Complete revascularization was achieved less frequently in women than in men; similarly graft patency rate at one year of 66% in women was less than the 84% observed in men. The more marked coronary sclerosis as well as morphologic characteristics of coronary arteries in women construe a special challenge to the surgeon and prerequisite a high degree of technical skill.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Value and rank of diagnostic laboratory parameters in cardiovascular diseases. Results of multivariant and discriminant analyses of the Berlin EBMO-Cor population study].

Based on present clinical-chemical parameters a representative population were studied; importance and order of rank of 10 data chosen from a total data pool are determined by means of multivariant and discriminant analysis. As a result the validity of characters with and without apriori probabilities for 5 pairs of classes (persons suffering from a heart disease in comparison to healthy persons divided in sexes and overall, as well as examination of separate sexes for healthy persons and those suffering from a heart disease) are examined (alpha less than or equal to 0.05). This calculation tested the importance of the parameters hemoglobin and creatinine in being different in males and females. To diagnose persons suffering from a heart disease (X-ray-morphologically defined suspects of heart and vessel diseases) from healthy persons, the optimized number of characteristics were determined in cholesterol, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ASAT, blood glucose (independent of sex). By means of these results it is possible to identify persons suffering from a heart disease from healthy persons and to call for illustrative laboratory examinations using already mentioned parameters and the function of discriminance W = p sigma i = 1 ai X Xi. The determination of sensitivity and specification yielded a value of up to 98 per cent resp. 94 per cent depending on whether with or without apriori probabilities. This enables use to be modified to suit different purposes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Behavior of so-called cardiovascular risk factors in general practice cardiac therapy--results of selected biochemical parameters of probands with suspect cardiovascular findings in a follow-up program of a 5-year intervention study].

Based on a population of defined territories of 280,000 inhabitants, heart patients, morphologically defined by roentgenological findings, were detected, and a representative sample was controlled with differing intervention under conditions of practice in a follow-up-programme of five years. Out of this programme the developments of some so-called (biochemical) risk factors belonging to the metabolical syndrome were evaluated and interpreted in their relation to cardiovascular diseases. The parameters investigated such as lipoprotein flocculation reaction, serum cholesterol, blood glucose and uric acid revealed increases of mean values as well as differences between the sexes and certain age groups during the time of observation. Causal therapeutic measures are discussed as causes of these developments. Significant differences in the cross section analysis which were also established could be confirmed in a longitudinal observation, and their relevance to cardiovascular diseases could thus be verified.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Significance of laboratory diagnostic study parameters of the hepatobiliary system in the evaluation of cardiovascular diseases--results of cross sectional and longitudinal studies in patients with suspicious cardiovascular findings in an epidemiologic follow-up study].

With the help of an approx. 280 000 inhabitants check of x-ray-morphological suspects of a heart disease the laboratory parameters thymol turbidity test, zinc-sulphate turbidity test, total protein, serum protein electrophoresis and the enzymes "ASAT" and "ALAT" in longitudinal section and cross-section were examined in an intervention study during 5 years. All these parameters show standard values on the average, but compared to a healthy reference they showed significant differences, which relations to heart and vessel diseases could be deduced from. This referred especially to age-inverse behaviour of the transaminases only concerning male test persons. The examination of the longitudinal section confirmed exactly the results of the cross-section analysis. On the one hand it underlines the results got from the cross-section and in the second place it contributes to the efficient diagnostics by learning undone a repetition of these laboratory examinations during the period of 5 years with such a defined population. The relations of the particularities mentioned obviously refer to subclinical fields. Effects of therapy do not reflect in the laboratory findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

A comparative study on the elicitability of vocalization by electrical brain stimulation, glutamate, aspartate and quisqualate in the squirrel monkey.

In 6 squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus), 71 brain sites yielding vocalization when electrically stimulated were tested for their capability to produce vocalization when injected with L-glutamate (Glu), N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and quisqualate. Out of the 71 sites, only 3 reacted positively to Glu, 4 to quisqualate and 7 to NMDA. Two of the quisqualate-positive sites reacted also to NMDA and one to Glu. The positive sites were located at the border between the substantia innominata and globus pallidus, in the periaqueductal gray of the midbrain, and in the lateral reticular formation of midbrain, pons and medulla. These areas are interpreted as relay stations within a more widespread vocalization-control system.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Glutamate-induced vocalization in the squirrel monkey.

In the squirrel monkey, 164 brain sites yielding vocalization when electrically stimulated were tested for their capability to produce vocalization when injected with mono-sodium-L-glutamate. The sites were located in the anterior limbic cortex, n. accumbens, substantia innominata, amygdala, n. striae terminalis, hypothalamus, midline thalamus, field H of Forel, substantia nigra, periventricular and periaqueductal gray, inferior colliculus, reticular formation of midbrain, pons and medulla, inferior olive, lateral reticular nucleus and nucleus of solitary tract. Of the 164 sites tested, 31 were positive. These were located in the substantia innominata, caudal periventricular and periaqueductal gray, lateral pontine and medullary reticular formation. While all the calls obtained from the forebrain and midbrain had a normal acoustic structure, most pontine and all medullary vocalizations had an artificial character. It is concluded that: the substantia innominata, caudal periventricular and periaqueductal gray, lateral pontine and medullary reticular formation represent relay stations of vocalization-controlling pathways; the periaqueductal gray represents the lowest relay station above the level of motor coordination; neurons responsible for motor coordination of vocalization lie in the reticular formation around the caudal brachium conjunctivum, the superior olive, n. facialis, n. ambiguus and below the n. solitarius; not all areas from which vocalization can be obtained by electrical stimulation of nerve cell bodies, dendrites and nerve endings (in contrast to fibers en passage) also yield vocalization when stimulated with glutamate.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Sequence of preprocaerulein cDNAs cloned from skin of Xenopus laevis. A small family of precursors containing one, three, or four copies of the final product.

From skin of Xenopus laevis, cDNA libraries were constructed and clones coding for the precursors of caerulein were isolated and sequenced. Using restriction endonuclease digestions, three different types of preprocaerulein cDNAs could be discerned. These were termed types I, III, and IV in accordance with the number of caerulein copies present in the sequence, the type III being the most abundant one. An incomplete copy of a fourth variant, termed type I', was also found. Besides deletions/insertions encompassing one or two caerulein sequences, these types also differ from each other by several point mutations. In the homologous precursor polypeptides deduced from the nucleotide sequence of these cloned cDNAs, the caerulein copies are flanked by complex processing sequences. These are Arg-Arg-Phe-Ala-Asp-Gly or Arg-Arg-Asp-Gly at the amino-terminal side and Gly-Arg-Arg at the carboxyl end. Between caerulein copies, highly homologous segments are present both at the polypeptide and cDNA level. This homology is evident both within a given precursor, where up to three such segments are present, and between the different types of precursors. We conclude that preprocaerulein cDNAs in the skin of X. laevis represent a small family, at least part of which is derived from different genes rather than being formed by alternative splicing of pre-mRNAs.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1986

[Redundancy reduction in laboratory studies--evaluated by the laboratory diagnostic follow-up program of an epidemiologic cardiovascular study].

In addition to our information about significant relations of certain laboratory parameters concerning probationers suspected of heart and vessel diseases, who were identified by means of x-ray screening (EBMO-Cor Berlin) is reported on laboratory parameters applied to follow-up examinations, which proved to be redundant for what was expected (referring the heart and vessel diseases). It refers to the parameters of total protein in the serum, serum electrophoresis, zinc-sulphate test, hematocrit and hemoglobin. The results are supported by mathematic--statistical returns. With regard to the exponential laboratory load in the result of screening and follow-up examination under suspicion of heart and vessel disease the necessity of such considerations is underlined. The statement gains in its significance by the original material concerning the population.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗
PubMed1986

Alternative single anticonvulsant drug therapy for refractory epilepsy.

Fifty-nine patients with chronic generalized tonic-clonic or partial seizures refractory to the maximally tolerated daily dosage of single-drug therapy with carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, or primidone subsequently received single-drug therapy with another one of these primary anticonvulsant drugs. Alternative single-drug therapy resulted in complete seizure control or more than 75% seizure reduction for 18 patients (31%). Side effects disappeared in 16 patients (27%). Patients with a good therapeutic response often had epilepsy of recent onset. Alternative single-drug therapy is beneficial for chronic refractory epilepsy and should be considered before a second drug is permanently added.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Fluocortolone: pharmacokinetics and effect on plasma cortisol level.

The pharmacokinetics of fluocortolone and its effect on plasma cortisol levels are described after oral administration of 20, 50 and 100 mg to 9 healthy adults. The concentrations of fluocortolone and cortisol in plasma were measured simultaneously by HPLC with UV detection. Fluocortolone was rapidly absorbed after all doses, giving the maximum plasma level after 1.4-2.1 h. After ingestion of 20, 50 and 100 mg, the peak levels were 199, 419 and 812 ng/ml, respectively. The maximum plasma levels and areas under the plasma level-time curves increased in proportion to the dose. Post-maximum plasma levels declined monoexponentially with a half-life of 1.76 h. Plasma half-life (t1/2 = 1.76 h), volume of distribution (1.03 l/kg) and oral clearance (6.9 ml/min/kg) were independent of the dose. The intensity and duration of adrenal suppression was dose dependent. Maximum suppression was observed 8 hours after fluocortolone. Clearcut suppression of cortisol levels after 24 hours was only seen following 100 mg fluocortolone.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Are thoracic radiographs in the recumbent position useful in the diagnosis of chronic left heart insufficiency? Comparison of x-ray findings with left ventricular hemodynamics].

108 patients (88 male, mean age 50 years, 20 female, mean age 49) having coronary heart disease (40), cardiomyopathy (39), hypertension (9), valvular disease (9), pulmonary diseases (5) and without cardiac diseases (6) underwent chest plain radiographs in standing and recumbent position immediately before being investigated invasively by left and right heart catheterisation, angiocardiography and coronary angiography. Two experienced radiologists evaluated the plain films with special reference to the findings of the heart and lung vessels, particularly the pulmonary veins. Dilatated veins of the upper lobes were observed more often if the radiograph was obtained from the recumbent patient. A significant close correlation with increased LVEDP was, however, revealed in both positions. A possible simulation of pathological dilatation of the venous trunci of the upper lobes merely due to the redistribution of the blood flow in the horizontal position was excluded. The results show that reliable conclusions can be drawn concerning chronic left ventricular failure if the characteristic pulmonary vein findings are visualised in patients both in the standing and in the recumbent position.

Adult↗