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Biomedical subjects

K Rhyner

Publications and source records attributed to K Rhyner.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Mycobacterioses in patients with HIV infection].

Mycobacterial infections were confirmed in 629 HIV-infected persons (1.4%). Five patients had a generalized infection with Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), four an extrapulmonary tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tbc). In general, the tuberculosis was the first severe opportunistic infection, while infections with MAC were more frequent in patients with already manifest AIDS. Common to all patients were a septic temperature and definite shift to the left of neutrophil granulocytes. Four of five patients with MAC also had diarrhoea, and three of four with tuberculosis additionally had peripheral lymphomas. The chest x-ray films were normal in six of the nine patients. The diagnosis was made in six patients primarily by the microscopic demonstration of acid-fast bacteria in lymph node tissue or stool, in three patients by culture from blood or liver tissue. Microscopic stool examination was helpful: in three of five patients with MAC and one of two with M. tbc in the stool culture, acid-fast bacteria had already been demonstrated. In an individual case MAC infections could not be distinguished either clinically or morphologically from infections with M. tbc, but only by culture.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

[Erythropoietin--the first hematologic hormone in clinical use].

Recombinant human erythropoietin raises serum erythropoietin concentrations to adequate levels and restores the hematocrit to normal values in the vast majority of anemic, end stage renal disease patients undergoing regular hemodialysis. It can eliminate the need for transfusions and thus the risk of immunologic sensitization, infection and iron overload. Erythropoietin not only alters laboratory findings but improves the well being and performance of patients on hemodialysis as well. Side effects are minimal and neither antibodies nor resistance to the recombinant hormone have been observed so far. Along with the rise in hematocrit and blood viscosity some patients developed increased blood pressure and a few hypertensive encephalopathy, but after brief interruption of therapy erythropoietin treatment could be continued in combination with antihypertensive drugs. The pathophysiology of the increase in blood pressure, the risk of encephalopathy and the possibly somewhat higher risk of thrombosis remain to be elucidated. Nevertheless, the first recombinant hematopoietic hormone has passed its first clinical trials with success.

Anemia↗
PubMed1988

[Diabetes insipidus in chronic myeloid leukemia. Remission of hypophyseal infiltration during busulfan treatment].

In a 53-year-old male who presented with diabetes insipidus as the first symptom of chronic myelocytic leukemia, computed tomography of the sella showed infiltration of the posterior pituitary gland. Busulfan treatment was given for one month and the infiltration had disappeared ten weeks after initiation of therapy. At the same time the severity of the diabetes insipidus diminished for a period of three months. Diabetes insipidus is a rare complication of chronic myelocytic leukemia: only 8 similar cases have been reported in the last 75 years.

Busulfan↗
PubMed1988

[Idiopathic cold agglutinin disease. Clinical aspects, therapy and course in 6 patients].

Clinical features, diagnostic procedure, therapy, course of the disease and prognosis in 6 patients with severe idiopathic chronic cold agglutinin disease are described. In 5 patients the main complaint was cold mediated acrocyanosis. The cold agglutinin in all patients was of anti-I type and belonged to IgM immunoglobulin. Keeping warm provided symptomatic relief and the hemolysis decreased to a milder form. Treatment with glucocorticoids alone failed in two patients but succeeded in combination with chlorambucil or cyclophosphamid. One patient developed a lymphoproliferative disorder 11 years after diagnosis of idiopathic chronic cold agglutinin disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Effects of platelet activating factor (PAF) on human citrated whole blood.

Effects of PAF on citrated whole blood (C-WB) from 38 healthy donors have been studied by impedance aggregometry and by morphologic examination of blood cells using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. In the aggregometer, the C-WB samples showed distinct differences in PAF sensitivity. C-WB specimens from high responders (= 15 donors) displayed a dose-related response to PAF stimulation but those from low responders (= 23 donors) did not indicate an impedance alteration even after the addition of high PAF doses (greater than or equal to 10(-6) mol/l). Morphologic studies revealed shape-changed platelets and primary aggregates in all C-WB samples, whereas secondary aggregates occurred only in C-WB specimens from high responders. Monocytes and neutrophil PMNs showed typical morphologic alterations which were observed in PAF-stimulated C-WB samples from all donors. Both cell types appeared polarized in shape and exhibited large vacuoles in the cytoplasm after PAF activation. In addition, monocytes came into close contact with shape-changed platelets as well as primary and secondary aggregates, whereas PMNs had no special relationship to single or aggregated platelets. In summary, our study indicates that PAF acts on different cell types in C-WB including platelets, monocytes and PMNs. The sensitivity of platelets against PAF stimulation appears to vary between different donors and in certain cases seems to be limited to the formation of primary aggregates.

Blood↗
PubMed1987

[Provisional treatment results of intensive combination chemotherapy (m-BACOD) in non-Hodgkin lymphoma of intermediate and high malignancy].

10 patients with diffuse large cell lymphoma were treated with 10 cycles of m-BACOD. 7 patients presented with a pathological stage IV, 2 with a clinical stage III and one with a clinical stage II disease. 8 patients have been in complete remission for 3-21 months (mean 9 months) after completion of therapy. One patient with T-immunoblastic lymphoma and bulky mass died of progressive disease after 6 cycles of m-BACOD. A second patient with T-immunoblastic lymphoma relapsed 24 months after completion of therapy. Treatment-related major complications, especially MTX-related ulcerative stomatitis, did not occur.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Diagnostic and prognostic value of RNA-proteolipid in sera of patients with malignant disorders following therapy: first clinical evaluation of a novel tumor marker.

The circulating level of a novel RNA-proteolipid complex associated with malignant diseases was critically evaluated as a tumor marker in clinical oncology. The complex, isolated from the sera of cancer patients, exhibited unvarying chemical composition regardless of the cell type and clinical staging. Clearance from blood was rapid with a half-life of approximately 2 days. Tumor mass could be correlated with the circulating level. After effective treatment the level fell and rose again 10 months prior to the conventional clinical diagnosis of relapse.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1987

[Pallor].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Successful treatment of anemia in hemolysis patients using recombinant human erythropoietin. Maintenance dosage and serum concentration].

Recombinant human erythropoietin (r-huEpo) was administered i.v. to eight anemic patients on hemodialysis in increasing doses 3 times a week. 7 out of 8 patients showed an increase in hemoglobin level by 2 g/dl over the baseline of 7.9 +/- 0.8 g/dl after a mean period of 8 +/- 2 weeks. During treatment a cumulative dose of 692 +/- 358 IU/kgBW erythropoietin was given. Before the rise in hemoglobin, reticulocytes increased from 1.6 +/- 0.7% initially to 5 +/- 1.6%. The serum ferritin concentration decreased from 426 (range 19-1223) to 250 (5-707) micrograms/l. No side effects were observed. Mean blood pressure before dialysis increased slightly from 125 mmHg to 137 mmHg systolic, and diastolic pressure from 75 to 80 mmHg. Maintenance doses to maintain hemoglobin values between 10 und 12 g/dl varied from 2 X 72 IU/kgBW to 3 X 168 IU/kgBW per week. Measurement of serum levels of erythropoietin by radioimmunoassay showed deficiency of the hormone in the patients with chronic renal failure: before treatment mean serum values were 4 +/- 6.4 mU/ml and during maintenance doses with r-huEpo 33.7 +/- 8.1 mU/ml, which is within normal ranges related to hematocrit. These data show erythropoietin to be effective in ameliorating anemia during hemodialysis treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Interrelation between transferrin receptor expression and intracellular ferritin concentration in leukemia cells and normal marrow cells].

Serum-free cultures of HL60 promyelocytic leukemia cells and cultured fresh leukemia and normal marrow cells were used to investigate relationships between proliferation, transferrin receptor (TfR) display and intracellular ferritin (Fer). HL60 cells in serum- und Tf-free medium displayed 3 times less TfR than cells in serum or Tf containing medium. But Fer in Tf-independent cells was 50 times higher than Fer in serum- or Tf-supplemented cells. HL60 cells induced to differentiate by DMSO or vitamin D3 decreased TfR but increased Fer. Expression of TfR with fresh leukemia and normal marrow cells was less clear than in HL60 cells; DMSO or vitamin D3 induced differentiation was associated with a 10-fold Fer increase in leukemia cells and greater than 100-fold increase in marrow cells. TfR-expression and ferritin synthesis may be important events in cell differentiation and growth.

Bone Marrow Cells↗