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Biomedical subjects

K R Smith

Publications and source records attributed to K R Smith.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Childhood brain tumors: a 15-year survey.

Eighty-seven children with histologically confirmed brain tumors were reviewed. Fifty-nine of the tumors were in the posterior fossa, 19 were cerebral gliomas, and nine were miscellaneous supratentorial tumors, including five craniopharyngiomas and two papillomas of the choroid plexus. In the posterior fossa there were 22 astrocytomas, 11 medulloblastomas, and ten ependymomas, indicating that half of the cerebellar tumors are benign. Of the patients with cerebellar astrocytomas, 15 are alive and 10 are probably cured. The cerebellar ependymomas have a very poor prognosis with only one long-term survivor and an average survival time of 14 months. The medulloblastoma group has only four survivors, and some of these are less than two years postoperative. Of 11 patients having cerebral astrocytoma, only three are leading satisfactory lives, three are dead, and five are handicapped to a significant degree. Of the eight patients with supratentorial ependymoma, all are dead with the longest survival being six years. It is emphasized that a benign cerebellar astrocytoma is the single most likely tumor in childhood, and many of these patients can be cured and survive without significant neurologic deficit.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1974

The relationship of circulating endogenous endotoxin to hemorrhagic shock in the baboon.

Experiments were carried out to test the hypothesis that during hemorrhagic shock endotoxin enters the circulation from ischemic bowel by way of the portal venous system and is then associated with irreversibility of the hemorrhagic shock state. After placement of sampling catheters in the portal vein, right atrium, and aorta, 14 awake, restrained baboons were subjected to 1 hour of hemorrhagic shock at a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 60 torr followed by a second hour at 40 torr MAP. Six animals were resuscitated with Ringers lactate and their shed blood; 8 were maintained hypotensive until death. Serial blood samples were analyzed for the presence of endotoxin. Endotoxemia was found infrequently, with no greater incidence (p > 0.6) in portal venous samples than in systemic blood, so these data were pooled for further analysis. Furthermore, endotoxemia was no more frequent (p > 0.6) late in shock than it was in early shock or during the baseline period. Autopsy showed no evidence of ischemic damage to the splanchnic viscera. It was concluded that spontaneous endogenous entotoxemia is not a common feature of hemorrhagic shock in baboons and is not related to the duration or degree of severity of hemorrhagic shock in this subhuman primate species.

Animals↗