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Biomedical subjects

K Poikolainen

Publications and source records attributed to K Poikolainen.

96 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Risk of alcohol-related hospital admissions by marital status and social class among females.

Risk ratios (RRs) for hospital admissions due to alcohol poisoning, alcoholism, and alcohol psychosis were calculated by direct age standardization and, if not applicable, from regression models for various marital status and social class combinations among 25-64 year-old females. Data, derived from the Finnish National Hospital Discharge Register for the years 1970-1975, pertained to 4212 females. RRs increased clearly for all three principal diagnoses of hospital admission by marital status but only for alcoholism by social class. In each diagnostic group, married farmers had the lowest and divorced unskilled workers the highest admission rates. The RRs for the latter compared to the former were 8 for alcohol poisoning, 20 for alcohol psychosis and 75 for alcoholism. These results are discussed in relation to findings pertaining to female alcoholism.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Risk factors for alcohol dependence: a case-control study.

Several possible risk factors for ICD-10 alcohol dependence were studied by comparing cases (117 men, 188 women) with controls (248 men, 300 women). Logistic regression analyses showed that parental alcohol problems and high trait anxiety were significantly related to high occurrence of alcohol dependence in both men and women. In women, high antisocial behaviour, high impulsivity, and high externality were also related to high occurrence of alcohol dependence. High facial flushing and high stimulation when intoxicated were related to low occurrence of alcohol dependence in both men and women. In men, this was also the case for high social support. Several interactions were observed. In contrast to earlier studies, there was no significant association between alcohol dependence and left-handedness.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Predictors of alcohol intake and heavy drinking in early adulthood: a 5-year follow-up of 15-19-year-old Finnish adolescents.

Relative contributions of earlier drinking and smoking vs mental health risk factors in predicting alcohol intake and heavy drinking in young adulthood were assessed. Higher average alcohol intake and heavy drinking (13 or more drinks on one occasion) in 1995 were significantly related to male gender and earlier high scores in 1990 of relief smoking, relief drinking, and their interaction. Parental alcohol problems, social group, perceived degree of social support, trait anxiety, number of negative life events, self-esteem, grade-point average, somatic symptoms score, or immature, neurotic, or mature defence style measured in 1990 did not predict alcohol intake or heavy drinking 5 years later. The findings suggest that alcohol intake and heavy drinking in young adulthood can be predicted by earlier self-reports on relief smoking and alcohol intake in adolescence.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Association of self-reported diseases and health care use with commonly used laboratory markers for alcohol consumption.

The relationships of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and their mathematical combination (gamma-CDT) with self-reported diseases were evaluated in a large cross-sectional risk factor survey. Significant gender effects were observed in associations of the markers with several medical conditions as well as with general health care utilization. In men, CDT was associated with rheumatoid arthritis. In both genders, GGT was positively associated with hypertension and diabetes. gamma-CDT was positively associated with hypertension in males and with asthma in females. This general population study demonstrates that these markers, although most commonly used to assess alcohol misuse, might also serve as health risk indicators.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Estimated lethal ethanol concentrations in relation to age, aspiration, and drugs.

In 98 deaths certified to be due to accidental alcohol poisoning, maximum antemortal blood ethanol concentrations were estimated as the sum of postmortal concentration and the product of blood ethanol elimination rate (0.258 g/liter/hr) and the time interval between the discontinuation of drinking and death. The estimated mean maximum concentration (g/liter) was 4.63 for uncomplicated cases, 4.26 for cases with heart disease, 3.98 for cases in which aspiration of stomach contents had contributed to death, 3.59 for ethanol-barbiturate poisonings, and 3.11 for combinations of ethanol and other psychotropic drugs. The mean for this last group was significantly lower than that for the first or the second group (p less than .001). The mean concentration for ethanol-barbiturate poisonings was signicantly lower than the mean for the uncomplicated cases (p = .01). In the two first groups combined, the higher the age, the lower the ethanol concentration (r = -.27; p = .02). Likewise, the postmortal blood ethanol concentration correlated negatively with age (r = -.26; p = .02), after controlling for the time interval. The lethal ethanol concentration for the aged seems to be lower than that for young people. A possible explanation for this phenomenon is the loss of ethanol tolerance.

Adult↗