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Biomedical subjects

K Pietkiewicz

Publications and source records attributed to K Pietkiewicz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[The study of drug resistance in aerobic and anaerobic bacterial flora to selected antibacterial drugs].

The aim of the study to determine the resistance to certain antibacterial drugs of the aerobic and anaerobic bacterial flora isolated from patients operated on for acute abdominal infections. The resistance was investigated by the disc diffusion method. Among the isolated aerobes Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus spp, Pseudomonas spp. Staphylococcus spp were most frequent, and in the group of anaerobes the most frequent were Bacteroides spp, Peptostreptococcus spp and Peptococcus spp. The sensitivity to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and cefoperazone was tested in 492 aerobic strains, and the sensitivity of cefuroxime was tested in 387 strains. In the group of anaerobes the sensitivity to ciprofloxacin and cefoperazone was tested in 239 strains, and in 187 and 176 strains the sensitivity to cefuroxime and metronidazole respectively was tested. Only 94 aerobic strains and 32 anaerobic strains were additionally tested for augmentin, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, imipenem, clindamycin and doxycycline. Imipenem was found to be the most active drug against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Clindamycin showed a very high activity against anaerobes but was significantly less active against aerobes. Only a small proportion of the tested aerobic strain (11.2%) were resistant to ciprofloxacin, while most anaerobic strains (66.5) were resistant to this antibiotic. Metronidazole was active against about 100% of anaerobes. Augmentin had a high activity against gram-positive cocci and was less active against gram-negative rods and anaerobes. A high proportion of aerobic and anaerobic strains were resistant to ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefuroxime and doxycycline. Gentamicin showed a sufficient activity against the tested aerobic strains (33.9% were resistant).

Abdomen↗
PubMed1995

[Characterization of Candida sp strains isolated from different clinical specimens in the years 1989-1993].

420 Candida sp. strains, which were isolated from the following specimens: vaginal secretions, throat swabs, urine, surgical specimen, nail specimen, sputum, semen, bile, skin, swab, pus were examined. On the basis of morphological and biochemical examinations it was established that in the above mentioned specimens are presented different species of Candida genus. Most often were isolated C. albicans, C. krusei, C. tropicalis. Among 317 C. albicans strains, 306 belonged to serotype A, 11 strains belonged to serotype B. The determination of enzymatic properties made possible the differentiation of strains C. albicans species from other species, and made it possible to define the biotypes. Sensitivity tests for examined strains made the characterization more particular.

Body Fluids↗
PubMed1995

The value of quantitative bacteriological investigations in the monitoring of treatment of ischaemic ulcerations of lower legs.

The quantitative and qualitative bacteriological investigations of 63 patients were done on ischaemic ulcerations before reconstructive vascular surgery and at 7 day intervals after the operation. Among the isolated bacteria the most common were Gram positive (62.9%), especially Staphylococcus aureus. Amputations due to non-healing ulcers were performed on 8 patients, who had ankle brachial index (ABI) lower than 0.47. In 55 patients with ABI higher than 0.47 (with the exception of one case) free skin grafts were applied to reduce the time of the ulcers healing. Primary healing of ulcers covered with free-skin grafts was achieved in 44 out of 55 patients (80%). In 11 patients, were free-skin grafts had failed, ulcerations were healed following the repetition of the free-skin grafts. The healing results of skin grafts statistically were significantly better in the group where the number of bacteria in 1 cm2 of ulceration was lower than 50.000. The severity of infections in ulcers makes the healing process of skin grafts impossible. Quantitative bacteriology additionally helps in objective evaluation of granulating tissue and facilitates choice of proper skin grafting time. This study has shown the usefulness of quantitative bacteriology for the determination of the severity of infections in ulcers.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Aerobic and anaerobic bacterial flora in acute abdominal illnesses].

366 specinmens taken from patients suffering from acute abdominal illnesses who had undergone operations were examined. Bacterial pathogens were isolated from 318 specimens. Aerobic bacteria were isolated from 53.8% specimens. Anaerobic bacteria were isolated from 12.6% specimens. Mixed bacterial flora were isolated from 33.6% specimens. Among aerobic bacteria E. coli and Streptococcus faecalis were most often isolated. Among anaerobic bacteria Bacteroides fragilis, Peptostreptococcus spp. and Peptococcus spp. were most often seen.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1994

[Etiologic factors in acute inflammatory states of the abdominal cavity].

Three hundred and two samples of biological material from patients operated because of acute inflammatory states of abdominal cavity were investigated. Both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were investigated. Among aerobic flora most frequently occurred enterococci, E. coli and Pseudomonas. Bacteroides and Peptostreptococcus were most frequently occurring anaerobes. Mixed flora was seen very often. Isolated microorganisms were tested for susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, cefoperazone, cefotaxime, gentamicin, netilmicin and in cases of anaerobes to metronidazole.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1994

[Occurrence of Helicobacter pylori strains resistant to metronidazole].

This study describes results of in vitro examination of susceptibility to metronidazole of clinical strains of Helicobacter pylori isolated from patients with gastritis. The susceptibility was determined by disc diffusion test. H. pylori was isolated from 44 (67.7%) of patients. Thirty six (81.8%) of the strains were resistant to metronidazole: 17 (85%) from 20 strains isolated from women and 19 (79.2%) from 24 strains isolated from men. This study emphasises the importance of monitoring the drug resistance of H. pylori during therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Utilization of enzymatic activity in strains of Candida isolated from the vagina for typing and evaluation of pathogenicity].

The study involved 255 strains of Candida isolated from vaginal secretions (194 with symptomatic mycosis and 61 from asymptomatic cases). Most frequently isolated species were Candida albicans, Candida krusei and Candida tropicalis. Determination of lipolytic properties at 30 degrees C and 37 degrees C and proteolytic abilities against albumin and casein permitted for differentiation of strains belonging to Candida albicans and remaining strains of other Candida species. This resulted also in determination of biotypes. Strains of Candida albicans belonged mainly to biotype I, while strains of Candida krusei and Candida tropicalis to biotype IX. Worth attention are results regarding symptomic candidiasis of vagina and enzymatic properties of Candida albicans. Among 145 strains of Candida albicans isolated from cases of symptomatic vaginal mycosis 67 (46.2%) exhibited both lipolytic (at 30 degrees C and 37 degrees C) and proteolytic activities against albumin and casein. At the same time, in asymptomatic mycosis only 14 (33.3%) strains of Candida albicans exhibited same properties.

Candida↗
PubMed1993

Epidemiological estimation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from different environments.

117 P. aeruginosa strains have been isolated from hospital material (vascular ward), from ambulatory patients, from lake water samples and from animal environment. The serological characters of the above strains, their phage--typing patterns, their capability of producing ONPG hydrolase were compared in order to find out the strain with identical features responsible for nosocomial infections and also to find endemic infections. There were eleven polyagglutinable strains (isolated from sinks in the vascular ward) which agglutinated with two sera and one strain isolated from lake water. Apart from one exception there were no confirmations of the occurrence of the strains of identical features in different environments. Possible variability within the scope of somatic antigen and the phage typing of microorganism confirm the necessity to use several techniques to carry out studies of epidemiological significance.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1993

[Characteristics of Salmonella strains isolated from different environments in the years 1982-1993].

The examination of Salmonella strains isolated from hospital patients and out-patients was performed. The results of sensitivity tests of strains isolated in Poland, and from patients of "Third World countries" were compared. In both groups were the strains caused nosocomial infections, which were resistant to Ampicillin and Chloramphenicol. Eight of the Polish strains of S. Typhimurium were cultured from autopsy specimens which were obtained from the newborn ward. S. Typhimurium isolated from specimens of the patients of the children's, ward of Derna Hospital was the cause of 162 cases on nosocomial infections over the period of four months. The ill children were between the ages of the two days old (newborn child in incubator) and eleven years old. It is important to note that in one case S. Enteritidis was isolated from the blood of a hospital patient in critical condition. A much higher percentage (85%) of the strains isolated from out-patients in Poland showed resistance to Tetracycline in comparison with the strains cultured from out-patients in countries of the Third World (7%). The resistance to Tetracycline may be connected with the addition of this antibiotic to food for farm animals in Poland, and can indicate the circulation of animal strains in the human population. In this research we used the latest classification of Salmonella genus.

Child↗
PubMed1993

[Effect of treatment with autologous staphylococcal vaccine on the course of the immunologic process].

In 18 patients with furunculosis and in 9 with chronic inflammation of upper respiratory tract, some cellular immunity parameters were tested. These were: phagocytosis index and bactericidal activity against leukocytes. Humoral immunity was also investigated by measurement of serum gammaglobulins. All test were performed before treatment and 30 days after application of the last dose of autologous vaccine. In 12 patients with furunculosis, improvement of the clinical status (disappearance of furunculosis) was appearing together with an increase of phagocytosis index and bactericidal activity of leukocytes without changes in gamma-globulin levels. No such changes were found in remaining patients in whom no clinical improvement was found. The authors suggest that cellular immunity factors studied in this investigation permit for evaluation of the immunity status in patients receiving autologous staphylococcal vaccine.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1992

[Azoles. 34. Nitroimidazole derivatives and their antibacterial and fungicidal action].

Nitroimidazole derivatives 4a-4c, 5a-5c, 8a-8c and 9a-9c were synthesized by treating 4,5-dinitro- and 2-methyl-4,5-dinitroimidazole (1,2) or their silver salts [1.Ag,, 2.Ag) with chlorosubtituted phenacyl bromides 3a-3c, diethyl sulphate or ethyl iodide, allyl iodide and ethyl chloro-, azo- or bromoacetate. 2,4(5)-dinitroimidazole (10) has been converted to the 2,4-dinitroimidazole derivative 10a by the action of ethyl bromoacetate in the presence of sodium ethylate. A modified method for the synthesis of 6a and 6b has been described. 7a and 7b have been obtained by a known method. Some of the newly synthesized nitroimidazole derivatives show antibacterial and fungicidal activity.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1991

[Perioperative preventive use of ciprofloxacin in patients with cancer of the larynx].

In comparative study of patients with laryngeal cancer, perioperative prophylaxis with ciprofloxacin was estimated. The drug was administered intravenously 200 mg twice daily, for five days to groups of 95 patients. Bacteriological examinations performed intraoperatively mostly revealed Gram-positive germs. The intravenous form of ciprofloxacin was very effective, resulting in complete healing of the operative wound in shorter time than in control groups. The drug has been well tolerated and no side effects were observed.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1989

[Azoles. 27. Nitroimidazole derivatives, their antibacterial and fungicidal activity and electron affinity].

Nitroimidazole derivatives 3a-3g, 4a-4g and 5-8 were synthesized by treating 4,5-dinitro- and 2-methyl-4,5-dinitroimidazole (1,2) with phenacyl bromide, its p-substituted derivatives or epichlorohydrin. 1-(3-Chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)-4,5-dinitroimidazole (5) and its 2-methyl derivative 6 have been converted to imidazo-oxazoles 7 and 8 or amino imidazole derivatives 9-14 by the action of potassium carbonate or cyclic amines (pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine and N-methylpiperazine). Some of the newly synthesized nitroimidazole derivatives show antibacterial and fungicidal activity. The electron affinity of the nitroimidazole derivatives 1-24 is discussed on the basis of their half-wave potentials and in the connection with their eventual radiosensitizing properties.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗