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Biomedical subjects

K Pfeiffer

Publications and source records attributed to K Pfeiffer.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Computed tomography and diagnosis of salivary gland diseases].

A study was carried out to compare routine sialography and combination sialo-CT. The results in 36 patients with afflictions of the parotid and submandibular region are discussed. In addition to tumors, regarded as primary indications, inflammatory disorders were also considered. The diagnosis made by routine sialography is regularly confirmed by computed sialography (CTS), which is often an important complementary means. Visualization of the deep parotid lobe and parapharyngeal space (third plane) is very important for making the diagnosis and planning therapy.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Anatomical variations of the semilunar notch in elbow dislocations.

The anatomical relations of the semilunar notch of the ulna were studied in radiographs, taken in a strict lateral view, from 100 patients with elbow dislocations. The results were compared with those from a control group of 150 patients without dislocation or other radiographic pathology. We found that the coronoid process and an angle (a) formed between the axis of the ulna and a line going through the tip of the coronoid process and the tip of the olecranon were significantly smaller than those in the control group (P = 0.02). The central angle of the semilunar notch was significantly larger in the dislocation group than in the control group (P = 0.009). The smaller angle (a) and larger central angle in the dislocation group are a result of a lower coronoid process, but they are also due to the prominent tip of the olecranon. The results suggest that the dislocation mechanism is partly a hyperextension, with the tip of the olecranon as the pivot point.

Disease Susceptibility↗
PubMed1984

[Therapy of stress incontinence recurrence: comparison of fascia sling-plasty and Zoedler band in 117 patients].

We report on 117 patients with urinary stress incontinence, 44 with previous attempts at surgical correction. The inguinovaginal fascial sling operation as modified by Narik and Palmrich was used in 33 women and had an early success rate of 91%. The Zoedler method used in 84 women was successful in 87%. 52% of women with fascial sling procedure (mean duration of follow-up 1.1 year) and 45% with Zoedler method (mean duration of follow-up 5.7 years) stayed completely continent. The most common reasons for failure are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

HLA-G polymorphisms and molecule function--questions and more questions--a review.

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G is a non-classical HLA-class I antigen which is predominantly expressed on invasive trophoblastic cells and is postulated to be a mediator of maternal-fetal tolerance. HLA-G interacts with NK cells, can present nonamer peptides and binds CD8 in an analogous manner to classical HLA-I. The HLA-G protein exists in soluble and membrane-bound isoforms generated through alternative splicing. Although initially considered to be non-polymorphic, variations of the HLA-G DNA sequence have been reported which led to the definition of a limited number of HLA-G alleles including the Null-allele G*0105N. Whereas the HLA-G DNA sequence shows a high degree of conservation in positions which are essential for classical HLA-I molecule functions, polymorphic sites in HLA-G are not congruent with sites of high nucleotide variability in classical HLA. The identification of two females with recurrent spontaneous abortions who are homozygous for the G*0105N Null-allele re-opens the discussion about the role of HLA-G in pregnancy and underlines the need of a systematic analysis of the different hypotheses of HLA-G function in vivo.

Alleles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Proteomics: techniques and applications in cancer research.

Proteomics can be defined as functional analysis of the full set of proteins by high-throughput technologies in a given system. The workflow of proteomics is a multi-step process comprising sample preparation, separation, quantification and identification of proteins. Due to the high complexity of different protein species and the wide dynamic range of protein amount within a cell system it is necessary to apply appropriate analysis methods. One approach is to separate proteins first by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) according to charge and molecular weight. Proteins are then fragmented and analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Identification of proteins can be achieved by comparing the mass/charge-ratios of these peptides to respective databases. Proteome analysis with respect to the identification of disease-associated patterns of molecules in different tissues is in the early stages, because standardisation of these techniques often remains to be established. However, proteome analyses is a promising tool to obtain holistic insights into the physiological status of a cell or cellular system. Compared to RNA-based studies some advantages are obvious: (1) post-translational modifications, e. g. phosphorylation, contributing to the activity status can be detected at the protein level only, (2) RNA-levels do not necessarily coincide with protein levels for a particular gene, (3) feedback-mechanisms within regulatory pathways can control protein activity without measurable changes in mRNA content.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lipoprotein(a) as a strong indicator for cerebrovascular disease.

To evaluate the role of lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a] in patients with cerebrovascular disease (CVD), lipid parameters were compared with a control group (CO). Additionally, the Lp(a) serum levels were investigated in a coronary artery disease (CAD) group. The CO was made up of 37 healthy persons (age: 54.5 +/- 7.7, 26 males and 11 females), the CVD group included 46 patients with sustained transient ischemic attack (TIA) prolonged reversible ischemic neurologic deficits (PRIND) and cerebral infarction (CI) (age: 53.6 +/- 9.7, 32 males and 14 females), and the CAD group was made up of 28 survivors of myocardial infarctions (age: 52.5 +/- 8.1, 18 males and 10 females). The median values of Lp(a) in CVD were significantly higher than in the CO (p less than 0.01) and did not differ significantly from the CAD. Total TC, HDL-C, TG, LDL-C and the ratio of LDL-C/HDL-C did not show any significant difference between the control and cerebrovascular disease group. For quantification of the vascular lesions of the carotid system, a Duplex Doppler score system was used. The score correlated with Lp(a) in patients between 40 to 65 years of age (r = 0.34, p less than 0.01). Thus, we conclude that Lp(a) is not only a risk factor for CAD but also for CVD.

Adult↗