Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Pettengell

Publications and source records attributed to K Pettengell.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Successful treatment of oesophageal candidiasis by micafungin: a novel systemic antifungal agent.

AIM: To determine the minimum effective dose and safety of micafungin in the treatment of HIV-related oesophageal candidiasis. METHOD: A total of 120 patients were enrolled in this open label study of the effects of daily 1 h infusions of micafungin on endoscopically proven fungal oesophagitis. Patients were randomly assigned to receive 12.5, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg of micafungin daily. Response was evaluated clinically and endoscopically. RESULTS: The protocol defined minimum effective dose of micafungin was 12.5 mg. The percentage of patients experiencing clearing of physical signs and symptoms showed a dose-response relationship and reached 94.7% in the 100 mg dose group. All patients in the 50, 75 and 100 mg dose groups achieved an endoscopically verified improvement in oesophagitis. Adverse effects of micafungin were generally mild and not dose-related. No serious renal, hepatic or drug-related infusion reactions were encountered. CONCLUSION: Micafungin was found to be effective, well-tolerated and safe. The minimum effective dose was found to be 12.5 mg and a significant linear trend in the successful treatment of oesophageal candidiasis was observed across the doses used with 75 and 100 mg dose levels achieving high rates of clinical and endoscopic cure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Assessment of a narrative approach to the diet history.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the quality of a narrative form diet history (DH). DESIGN: Reproducibility assessed with data obtained at 6-week intervals. Criterion validity assessed using energy intake to estimated energy expenditure (EI:BMR) cutoff limits. Relative validity assessed by comparing results for energy and macronutrients at baseline and month 2 of an intervention trial with those obtained from 3-day food records (FR). SETTING: Community-based dietary intervention trials for the study of metabolic syndrome in the Illawarra region of New South Wales, Australia. SUBJECTS: Reproducibility: 43 healthy female volunteers. Mean age 58.72 years (range 50-67), mean body mass index (BMI) 25.79 (range 21-36). VALIDITY: 45 healthy volunteers--18 males (mean age 46.9 years, mean BMI 27.8), and 27 females (mean age 45.7 years, mean BMI 26.2), attending a study on the effect of diet on metabolic variables. RESULTS: Reproducibility: wide SD values indicated a high degree of intraindividual variation, but correlation coefficients were comparable to those of similar studies. VALIDITY: underreporting was inconsistent with individuals, but was greater with the DH than the FR at each stage of the dietary trial (significant at month 1, P < 0.01). Underreporters indicated higher intakes of protein during the trial (P < 0.05). Weaker associations were found between the DH and FR data for energy values, but there was strong agreement for per cent fat consumed as saturated and monounsaturated fat at each stage of the trial. CONCLUSIONS: The narrative form DH performs as well as standardized interviews, but more work needs to be done at the micro level, focusing on aspects which deal with foods likely to be underreported in the particular study context. This can be achieved through continued research using combined methodologies.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Radionuclide scintigraphy in tuberculous enteritis.

Scintigraphy with indium-111 labeled leucocytes and gallium-67 citrate was performed on 6 patients with proven tuberculous enteritis. The ability of both techniques to visualize areas of disease in this condition was demonstrated. When compared with endoscopy (either upper gastrointestinal endoscopy or colonoscopy), Ga-67 citrate had a sensitivity of 0.80 and a specificity of 1.00. The sensitivity and specificity of In-111 labeled leucocytes was 0.60 and 0.96, respectively. The superiority of Ga-67 over In-111 was statistically significant. Positive scintigrams were obtained despite prior treatment with antituberculous chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effect of phenylarsine oxide on protein synthesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

In this report, we show that insulin stimulated the incorporation of tracer [3H]leucine into protein of 3T3-L1 adipocytes within 2 min of insulin addition. The concentration of insulin required to elicit 50% activation was 4nM. Phenylarsine oxide, an inhibitor of insulin-stimulated glucose transport, blocked not only insulin-stimulated protein synthesis but constitutive protein synthesis as well (Ki, 3 microM). Importantly, protein synthesis was not required for insulin-activated glucose transport since cycloheximide added either before or after insulin had no effect on the stimulated rates of glucose transport.

Adipose Tissue↗