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Biomedical subjects

K Petraki

Publications and source records attributed to K Petraki.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

The contribution of cavernous body biopsy in the diagnosis and treatment of male impotence.

This study concerns the results of penile biopsies in 50 patients aged 27 to 80, with secondary impotence removed with a biopty gun or during penile surgery. The biopty gun specimens were equally representative as the open biopsy ones. The cause and the degree of erectile dysfunction were determined by clinical and laboratorial investigation. The histological study of the cavernous bodies in the patients with psychogenic impotence revealed normal erectile tissue. In patients with organic impotence, histological lesions were graded as mild, moderate or severe. The most severe lesions were observed in the erectile tissue and in particular in the smooth muscle of the trabeculae and the helicine arteries, which had been reduced and replaced by connective tissue. Histological lesions were found not only in the arterial but also in the venous leak cases. There was a correlation between their severity and the degree of impotence, although of no statistical significance. The penile biopsy determines the condition (state) of the functional cavernous smooth muscle tissue, the integrity of which is essential for the erectile mechanism as well as for the action of the vasoactive drugs and the results of vascular surgery. Its important role is evident as it contributes not only to the diagnosis of the cause, but also to the choice of treatment of male impotence.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The prognostic importance of the morphological subdivision of the grade II superficial bladder cancer.

UNLABELLED: In this study a morphological subdivision of grade (g)II superficial bladder cancer is proposed and correlated with recurrence and progression rate. Forty patients, 33 males and 7 females, of 70 years mean age, with initial gII superficial transitional bladder cancer were treated with transurethral resection between January and December 1987 with follow-up for a mean period of 4 years. Recurrences were observed in 24 patients. All histological specimens were reviewed and reclassified to gIIa and gIIb mainly according to the variation in nuclear size, the degree of nuclear atypia and the number of mitoses. 42.1% (8/19) of the gIIa and 76.2% (16/21) of the gIIb tumors recurred. The observed difference in recurrence rate was statistically significant (s.s)-p < 0.05. The disease-free interval after the initial presentation was over two years in 50% (4/8) of gIIa and in 6.25% (1/16) of gIIb patients (s.s. difference-p < 0.05). None of the patients with gIIa, but 37.5% (6/16) with gIIb urothelial cancer had more than two recurrences (s.s. difference-p < 0.05). All gIIa recurred as gIIa superficial cancers, 62.5% (10/16) of gIIb as gIIb (5 superficial and 5 invasive) and the remainder 37.5% (6/16) as invasive gIII tumors. Only one patient with repeated recurrences died two years after the initial presentation. 3 patients died from other causes. IN CONCLUSION: 1. The morphological subdivision of gII urothelial cancer into gIIa and gIIb has a prognostic significance, as it is related to the recurrence rate, the disease-free interval after the initial resection, the number of recurrences and the progression rate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Prospective, randomized, investigator-blind trial of Helicobacter pylori infection treatment in patients with refractory duodenal ulcers. Healing and long-term relapse rates.

In this study, 26 patients with duodenal ulcers refractory to treatment with H2-receptor antagonists for 8-12 weeks were randomly assigned to eight weeks of treatment with colloidal bismuth subcitrate (120 mg four times a day) alone (N = 12) or in combination with tetracycline hydrochloride (500 mg four times a day, days 0-14) and metronidazole (500 mg three times a day, days 15-28). Symptoms were scored and endoscopy, histology, and CLO tests were performed before, on completion of treatment, and 3, 6, 12, and 18 months after treatment. Treatment was considered successful when Helicobacter pylori was not detected by CLO tests and Warthin-Starry stains on gastric biopsies taken from antrum, body, and fundus. On triple therapy, ulcers healed in 12/14 patients (85.71%) and 10/14 (71.42%) patients became Helicobacter pylori-negative. On bismuth, only one patient became Helicobacter pylori-negative (8.33%, P < 0.0001), but ulcers healed in 8/12 patients (67%, P = NS). Six patients on bismuth, whose ulcers remained unhealed or relapsed early after healing, were offered triple therapy, which resulted in ulcer healing in three and Helicobacter pylori clearance in two patients. At 18 months, none of the Helicobacter pylori-negative patients had ulcer relapse. On the contrary, ulcers relapsed in all but one patient, who remained Helicobacter pylori-positive. Smoking and drinking did not influence the therapeutic outcome. The data confirm previous reports that many duodenal ulcers are infectious and therefore curable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Primary melanoma of the oral cavity].

Melanoma most often develops in the skin; usually at the site of a preexisting nevus. It is quite rare in the oral cavity and the maxilla is the most common location there. It appears that males between 60 and 70 years old are affected more often than females. The etiology is unknown. However the melachromatic nevus and the color of the skin are considered predisposing factors. Based on clinical and histologic criteria it is classified in three categories. Unfortunately the frequency of the occurrence of each category into the mouth separately, is inversely proportional to the prognosis. The 5 year survival rate of intraoral melanoma does not exceed 5-9%. The treatment of melanoma is surgical and comprises radical excision of the lesion and radical neck dissection. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy do not seem to contribute to the treatment. We present our experience of two patients with melanoma of the maxilla. In one case submandibular lymphadenopathy had already been established and a radical neck dissection was performed. In the other case subtotal maxillectomy was performed with intraoral approach.

Female↗
PubMed1986

Mucosal hyperplastic polyps of the stomach. Do they have any potential to malignancy?

Gastric mucosal polyps were studied in gastric biopsies, taken from 481 patients who had been operated on for benign peptic ulcer. The material was classified according to the type of operation in the following 4 groups: Billroth-II resection, gastroenterostomy, pyloroplasty with vagotomy and Billroth-I resection. As control group served 1520 nonoperated patients with no ulcer or malignancy. The diagnosed polyps were classified in inflammatory, hyperplastic and neoplastic. Neoplastic polyps were observed only in the nonoperated stomachs with an incidence of 0.5%. The incidence of the hyperplastic polyps was 12.1% for Billroth-II resection, 14.9% for gastroenterostomy and 2.6% for the control group, with a significant difference between the operated and the nonoperated stomachs. The hyperplastic polyps constituted the commonest histological type of polyp in all the groups. The majority of them was observed close to the gastroenterostomy and it seems that there is a relation between their frequency and the time elapsed after the operation. A high degree of epithelial dysplasia in hyperplastic polyps was found in 22.2% of Billroth-II resection patients, in 6.3% of gastroenterostomy patients and in only 2.6% of the control group, with a significant difference between the operated and the nonoperated stomachs.

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic↗
PubMed1984

[Glomus tumor of the stomach].

A case report is given of a 44 year old woman who had a glomus tumor of the stomach, and literature is reviewed. Clinical symptoms are uncharacteristic and may resemble symptoms of most benign or malignant gastric diseases. Preoperative diagnosis of the tumor seems to be difficult. For this reason immediate section for microscopic examination under surgery seems to be appropriate, allowing enough tissue to be removed. Patient age is between 18-98 years, incidence being highest in the 4th to 6th decade. Male and female patients are afflicted equally. This rare tumor of the stomach usually arises in the antrum or pyloric region, in most cases at the greater curvature and is considered to be benign. Treatment is local excision.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ischaemic necrosis of the rectum and sigmoid colon complicating systemic lupus erythematosus.

The case of a 37-year-old Caucasian female with a history of systemic lupus erythematosus, admitted to hospital due to progressively worsening abdominal pain and arthralgia. During hospitalisation, signs of acute abdomen developed. Laparotomy revealed perforation of the rectum, accompanied by necrosis of the rectosigmoid. Histologic examination revealed vasculitis involving small- and medium-sized vessels. This case report emphasizes the point that colonic and especially rectal involvement from vasculitis, though unusual, may present with profound and possibly life-threatening manifestations and stresses the difficulties in clinical and histological differential diagnosis from other causes of systemic lupus erythematosus-associated abdominal pain.

Adult↗