Biomedical subjects

K Perrine

Publications and source records attributed to K Perrine.

59 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed1993

Lateralizing significance of head and eye deviation in secondary generalized tonic-clonic seizures.

We studied 92 secondary generalized tonic-clonic seizures (SGTCS) in 29 patients with a clearly lateralized seizure focus using video-EEG telemetry. An examiner, blind to the EEG, reviewed direction and type (forced versus nonforced) of head/eye deviation (HD). Forced HD consisted of sustained, unnatural tonic or clonic movements. Nonforced HD consisted of sustained deviations that were neither tonic nor clonic and were similar to volitional head movements. Eighty-three of the 92 SGTCS (26 of 29 patients) had lateralized and sustained HD. The direction of HD was contralateral in over 90% of seizures when the movement either (1) continued as the seizure generalized, or (2) occurred in the 10 seconds prior to generalization. The direction of HD was ipsilateral in over 90% of seizures if the movement ended before the seizure began to generalize (in all cases, the movement ended more than 10 seconds before generalization). HD occurring within the first 10 seconds after seizure onset was not of lateralizing significance. Forced HD was 89% contralateral, while nonforced HD was not of lateralizing significance. HD in SGTCS provides information on seizure focus lateralization.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Functional mapping of memory and other nonlinguistic cognitive abilities in adults.

The review of previous research and the studies undertaken at our center suggest an important role for mapping of nonlinguistic cognitive functions with cortical stimulation. Such mapping is usually restricted to language functions, which is understandable given the importance of language to daily activities and the reports of postoperative declines in naming. However, memory functions are also critical to adaptive daily living, and these studies show that memory may be effectively addressed through mapping procedures. Both Ojemann's studies and those at our center suggest an important role for much of the temporal convexity in memory processing, and we believe that postoperative memory declines can be minimized with mapping of the temporal lobe prior to resection. Patients presenting with unique abilities that may be susceptible to postoperative declines can also be effectively mapped with stimulation studies tailored to their unique abilities. We encourage the expansion of mapping paradigms beyond just the language domain and believe that such studies will both improve the quality of our patients' functioning and further our knowledge of brain-behavior relationships.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

In vitro detection of canine distemper virus nucleic acid with a virus-specific cDNA probe by dot-blot and in situ hybridization.

A cDNA library was prepared from canine distemper viral (CDV) messenger RNA (mRNA) derived from Vero cells lytically infected with the Onderstepoort strain (Ond) of CDV. A 300 base pair insert was identified which, by Northern blot analysis and Sanger sequence data, was shown to be specific to the nucleocapsid gene. The nucleocapsid (NC) clone was radiolabelled with 32P using nick translation and used to detect viral RNA in both dot-blot and in situ preparations of Vero cells lytically infected with Onderstepoort CDV (Ond-CDV) and immortalized mink lung cells persistently infected with racoon origin CDV (CCL64-RCDV). Dot-blot hybridization results paralleled immunofluorescent results in the lytically infected cells. In 18 persistently infected cell lines from the RCDV-CCL64 parental stock, 13 lines were positive and two were negative on both immunofluorescence and dot-blot hybridization analysis for CDV antigen and RNA, respectively. Viral nucleic acid was detected in these persistently infected cells, where as few as 1.9% of the members of a line were positive on immunofluorescence. A dot-blot autoradiographic signal was obtained in three lines which were negative for CDV antigen. CDV RNA was detected in both lytically and persistently infected cell lines by in situ hybridization, where decreasing probe length was important in increasing the sensitivity of this assay. Viral RNA was detected in over 90% of the lytically infected cells, where only 70% were positive for viral antigen by immunofluorescence.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Interictal autonomic nervous system function in patients with epilepsy.

We studied 24 patients with partial seizures receiving carbamazepine (CBZ) monotherapy and 40 normal controls, 17 of whom were tested with and without CBZ therapy. Autonomic nervous system assessment included baseline heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP); BP and HR changes during orthostasis and cold pressor test (CPT); and HR changes during sinus arrhythmia, Valsalva maneuver, and cold face test with apnea (CFTA). Our study demonstrated normal interictal autonomic function in patients with epilepsy, but, variations in BP and HR during orthostasis and CPT were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in epilepsy patients than in controls with or without CBZ. Epilepsy patients had higher initial increases in BP and greater subsequent decreases in BP than did nonmedicated controls during CPT. Controls with CBZ had higher HR during orthostasis and CFTA than did those without CBZ. CBZ levels correlated with baseline and orthostatic BP and HR during deep breathing (sinus arrhythmia). Our results showed that patients with epilepsy have greater BP and HR variability and reactivity than controls, attributable in part to CBZ levels.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Left anterior lobectomy and category-specific naming.

Damasio and colleagues (1996) have proposed that the left anterior temporal region supports knowledge pertaining to living objects, whereas more posterior temporal regions play a critical role in naming nonliving things. Accordingly, one might expect that left-sided anterior temporal lobectomy should have a more profound effect on the naming of living as opposed to nonliving things. As part of a multicenter collaborative project, seventy-nine patients (all left-hemisphere speech dominant) were tested pre- and post-left-temporal lobectomy on a task that required naming of living and nonliving items equated for name frequency, familiarity, and visual complexity. Consistent with the proposals of Damasio et al. (1996), left temporal lobectomy impaired naming ability, particularly for living things. When individual outcomes were considered, twice as many patients showed a relative decline in naming living as opposed to nonliving things.

Adult↗