Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to K Penttinen.
This report based on the data available from the Finnish Cancer Registry and from virus isolations gives further support to the association (P=0.04) between maternal influenza of the 1957 "Asian" type and subsequent later leukaemia in the infants. No such association was found from other influenza epidemics.
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A strong measles-specific gel precipitation reaction was found in the cerebrospinal fluid (C.S.F.) of two patients with multiple sclerosis (M.S.) (total of 15 tested). The serum and C.S.F. specimens from these two patients were tested for measles antibody by six assay methods. The results were compared with those obtained from serum and C.S.F. specimens of a patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (S.S.P.E.). The gel precipitation line produced by the C.S.F. from the M.S. patients was identical with one of the three lines produced by the C.S.F. from the S.S.P.E. patient. The main antigenic component responsible for measles antibody appearing in the C.S.F. of the S.S.P.E. patient and the M.S. patients was also electrophoretically similar, and the corresponding antibody was associated with IgG. The serum/C.S.F. antibody titre ratios with the various assay methods used suggest that the C.S.F. antibodies are mainly to other than envelope components of measles virus. No complement-fixing antibody against 27 other viruses or Mycoplasma pneumoniae was found in the C.S.F. of the two M.S. patients.
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With the measles platelet aggregation test, a new technique recently developed for measuring virus antibody, 153 serum specimens from patients with multiple sclerosis and 164 controls were tested. With one of the three measles antigens used in the test a significantly higher positive rate (P<0.001) was obtained in the specimens from the patients with multiple sclerosis (40%) than in those from the controls (11%). The other two measles antigens also yielded slightly but not significantly higher positive rates in the patients with multiple sclerosis.
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A new serological method, the platelet aggregation (PA) test, was used to study Group B arbovirus infections, which are often associated with thrombocytopenia. The method is based on the interaction of antigen-antibody complexes with platelets. The PA test was nearly as good as the haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test for epidemiological studies of tick-borne encephalitis (16 out of 18 HI positive sera) and was superior to the complement-fixation test which was positive in 10 out of 18 HI positive sera. The PA test could be used in the serological diagnosis of Group B arbovirus infection. The titres with the PA test were of the same magnitude as the HI titres, and about ten times higher than the CF titres. Two pairs of dengue haemorrhagic fever sera showed high initial PA titres. The role of immune complexes in the pathogenesis of haemorrhagic fevers is discussed.
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