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Biomedical subjects

K Pehrsson

Publications and source records attributed to K Pehrsson.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Ventilator treatment at home--experiences with old and new methods].

Nocturnal ventilation in respiratory insufficiency due to neuromuscular disease and/or thoracic deformity leads to improvement in the quality of life and daytime arterial blood gases, and also in survival. Several methods for nocturnal ventilation are now available. In this paper we report our experiences of treatment with nocturnal ventilation with various methods in 26 patients in Gothenburg. We conclude that respiratory insufficiency due to neuromuscular disease and/or primary treatment for thoracic deformity should be nocturnal positive pressure ventilation via a nasal mask. If this treatment fails positive pressure ventilation should be administered via special mouth pieces or via tracheostoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Neurogenic pulmonary oedema. A review of the pathophysiology with clinical and therapeutic implications.

Five cases of neurogenic pulmonary oedema (NPE) are described. The causes were mechanical trauma to the skull, subarachnoid haemorrhage and epileptic seizure. In every case a frank pulmonary oedema was diagnosed that resolved within a few days. Treatment of the underlying disease resulted in a favourable outcome. The literature has been reviewed. The basic mechanism seems to be an increased intracranial pressure (ICP) precipitating an increased central sympathetic nerve activity mediated via peripheral alpha- or beta-adrenergic discharge. NPE results from a predominant alpha-receptor stimulation with massive increase in pre- and afterload. The major therapeutic efforts should be directed towards the underlying cause and, in addition, mechanical ventilation with passive hyperventilation is vital. High positive end-expiratory pressure should not be used without strict monitoring of ICP.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Left ventricular pump function before and after aortocoronary bypass surgery.

Ten patients with severe effort angina and with left ventricular dysfunction during exercise before operation underwent haemodynamic and angiographic studies in average 20 months after coronary artery bypass surgery. Five patients (50%) were completely asymptomatic after operation(group I). The other five (group II) were still limited physically because of anginal pain, although two were much improved. Pre-operatively there was no significant difference in the severity of the disease, as judged from case histories, work tests and haemodynamic and angiographic findings between the two groups. The working capacity of the patients in group II was not increased significantly post-operatively. Their coronary arteriograms revealed unsatisfactory surgical results. In two patients, one significantly stenosed vessel was not bypassed because of poor run-off. In the other three patients, one graft was closed. Left ventricular function curves showed no significant improvement of left ventricular pump function. In group I, working capacity increased significantly, all stenoses of major coronary vessels were bypassed and all grafts were patent. Left ventricular function showed an almost normal response during exercise. These findings suggest that left ventricular dysfunction due to ischaemia can be significantly improved by coronary bypass and that there is a good correlation between clinical, haemodynamic and angiographic findings.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

A new concept for atrial triggered pulse generators.

In order to avoid the potential risk of a short refractory period and the inconvenience of the electronic blocking mechanism at the highest synchronous rate with the conventional atrial triggered pulse generator, two more functions have been added to the normal atrial triggered (VAT) pulse generator. First, it has been designed to be ventricular inhibited; second, a highest synchronous rate detector has been added. When the highest synchronous rate of about 140 is exceeded, the atrial signals are blocked and the frequency of the basic rate generator is increased to about 130. Two patients could hardly feel the change from atrial triggered pacing to ventricular inhibited stimulation, and both were able to work at higher loads with this type of pacing compared with the conventional atrial triggered pulse generator.

Arrhythmia, Sinus↗
PubMed1977

Detector electrode introduced by mediastinoscopy for atrial triggered cardiac pacing. A follow-up of electrode function in 82 patients.

An atrial detector electrode was introduced by mediastinoscopy in 82 patients requiring permanent cardiac pacing. There were no complications. An adequate P wave was recorded in 80 patients. During the following week, the P wave became ineffective in 5 patients; angina occurred in 2 and atrial arrhythmias in 2. Atrially triggered ventricular pacing established in 73 patients and was followed in 71 patients for a period of 1 to 113 months. In 17 cases, it had to be terminated because of an ineffective or unstable P wave,in 6 cases because of atrial arrhythmias, and in 4 cases because of advanced age and recurrent infections. The method is technically simple and place little stress on the patient.

Adult↗