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Biomedical subjects

K Paunio

Publications and source records attributed to K Paunio.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Caries prevalence in Turner's syndrome (45,X females).

Dental caries prevelance in permanent teeth (DFS) was studied in 50 patients with Turner's syndrome (45,X females) and 41 normal first-degree female relatives. Caries prevalence was lower in 45,X women than in controls, and this difference was more pronounced in the incisor region than in pre-molar and molar teeth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Periodontal treatment need of the Finnish population aged 30 years and over.

A representative sample (n = 8000) was drawn from the population aged 30 years and over, registered as living in Finland. Periodontal disease status was recorded according to the modified Periodontal Treatment Need System (PTNS). Plaque retentions were examined separately. Of the subjects with four or more teeth 3.4% had a healthy periodontal status, while 10.2% of the jaw quadrants were healthy. Plaque retentions were found in 96.6% of the subjects and 90.9% of the jaw segments. Periodontal treatment need was calculated in three ways and was 195 +/- 111 (S.D.) min when the calculation was based on WHO recommendations (1978). Number of teeth, age, sex, caries and filling scores, and education explained about 30% of the treatment need when tested by multiple linear regression analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effect of xylitol and sucrose plaque on release of lysosomal enzymes from bones and macrophages in vitro.

Plaque formed during a 5-day xylitol or sucrose chewing gum diet was used as an irritating agent in bone and macrophage culture. The release of hydrolytic enzymes was monitored. The contents of protein, DNA, and ATP were analyzed, to characterize plaque formed during different dietary periods. The release of glycosidases and phosphatases was lower in the presence of xylitol plaque when compared with sucrose plaque as an immediate reaction in macrophage cultures at 3 h and also in bone cultures at 3 days. The results indicate that xylitol plaque had a less irritating effect on macrophages and bones in vitro than sucrose plaque according to the parameters used in this study.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The effect of human dental plaque on bone resorption and hyaluronic acid synthesis in in-vitro cultures of fetal rat calvaria.

Dental bacterial plaque affects bone demineralization both in vivo and in vitro. Since hyaluronic acid may play a role in demineralization, calcium release into the media as a measure of bone resorption was correlated with the synthesis of [3H]-glucosamine-labelled macromolecules in bone culture. The synthesis of glycosaminoglycans was determined by both a Millipore method and by DEAE-cellulose chromatography. Addition of plaque extract to the culture media stimulated both the synthesis and release of hyaluronic acid to the culture media, while stimulating calcium release. Thus, the bone-demineralizing effect of dental plaque seems to be associated to the induced synthesis of hyaluronic acid.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Determination of radioactive proline and hydroxyproline by a simple paper-chromatographic procedure.

A simple method to separate and determine radioactive proline and hydroxyproline by paper chromatography is described. The localization of the imino acids after separation is achieved by direct nondestructive staining with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene dye. The imino acids are quantitated directly by liquid scintillation counting in the presence of paper strips. The method was applied to bone cultures with good reproducibility, sensitivity and linearity over a wide range of radioactivity. The procedure was also tested in fibroblast cultures. The results for hydroxyproline were in good correlation with the widely used method of Juva and Prockop (Juva, K. and Prockop, D.J. (1966) Anal. Biochem. 15, 77-83), in which hydroxyproline is oxidized to pyrrole, and then extracted and purified by column chromatography before counting radioactivity.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The effect of dental plaque grown in the presence of xylitol or sucrose on bone resorption in vitro.

Bone culture was used as an experimental model in studying the ability of dental plaque grown in the presence of xylitol or sucrose to induce bone resorption. Plaque samples were collected in young adults after six or ten days with no oral hygiene and with frequent use of xylitol- or sucrose-sweetened chewing gum. The rate of resorption was assayed by measuring the release of both acid phosphatase and 45Ca from bones into culture media during a three-day incubation period. Sucrose-induced plaque collected after ten days increased both of these indicators of bone resorption, while xylitol plaque decreased or had no effect under identical conditions. Xylitol consumption induced a marked increase in acid phosphatase activity of dental plaque - a phenomenon which would appear to be unrelated to bone resorption. The results suggest that the inflammatory potential of dental plaque may be reduced during xylitol consumption as compared to sucrose consumption.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1980

Release of lysosomal hydrolases from bone explants affected by dental plaque.

Lysosomal hydrolases as indicators of plaque-induced bone resorption in tissue culture were studied. Fetal rat bones cultured in a synthetic medium containing sonicated and filtrated human dental plaque were used as bones to be resorbed. Acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase were found to be the most suitable enzymes for studying the degradation rate of bone cell lysosomes. When dental plaque is used as a resorbing agent, special attention has to be paid to the fact that plaque extract contains similar lysosomal hydrolase activity. Plaque hydrolases in the present study were quite stable in culture medium. No significant adsorption of enzymes by fetal rat bones occurred while remarkable adsorption by synthetic hydroxyapatite was found. The present results indicate that dental plaque is able to release lysosomal hydrolases from bone explants. This release corresponds to the degree of resorption measured by 45Ca release from bones.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1979

Formation of dityrosine by human salivary lactoperoxidase in vitro.

The study dealt with the formation of dityrosine - a cross-link in some proteins including collagen - by human salivary lactoperoxidase. Dityrosine formation was found at pH range 6.6 to 9.3 with maximum reaction velocity at pH 8.5. However, thiocyanate ions at physiological salivary concentrations inhibited dityrosine formation by 70 to 80 per cent compared with the optimum rate. The inhibition seemed to result from the competition of SCN ions and L-tyrosine for the same binding site on enzyme surface. The possibility of dityrosine cross-linking in vivo in human oral fluid seems to be limited compared with e.g. human milk or macaque saliva where the concentration of SCN ions is low but the activity of lactoperoxidase is considerably high.

Humans↗