Biomedical subjects

K Patil

Publications and source records attributed to K Patil.

65 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Transdermal nicotine therapy and primary care. Importance of counseling, demographic, and participant selection factors on 1-year quit rates. The Nebraska Primary Practice Smoking Cessation Trial Group.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the smoking cessation efficacy of nicotine patch therapy as an adjunct to low-intensity, primary care intervention. DESIGN: Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multisite trial. SETTINGS: Twenty-one primary care sites in Nebraska. PATIENTS: A total of 369 smokers of 20 or more cigarettes per day. INTERVENTION: Two brief primary care visits for smoking intervention with 10 weeks of active or placebo-patch therapy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Confirmed self-reported abstinence 3, 6, and 12 months after the quit day. RESULTS: Compared with placebo control subjects, participants assigned nicotine patches had higher 3-month (23.4% vs 11.4%; P < .01) and 6-month (18.5% vs 10.3%; P < .05) abstinence rates. The 1-year abstinence rates for the active and placebo patch groups were 14.7% and 8.7%, respectively (P = .07). Of smokers aged 45 years and older, 9 (18.8%) of 48 using active patches compared with 0 of 31 using placebo patches achieved 12-month abstinence (chi 2 = 6.56; P < .05). Among those with high nicotine dependency scores (Fagerstrom score > or = 7), 1-year abstinence rates were significantly higher in the nicotine patch group (19.1%) compared with the placebo group (5.0%) (chi 2 = 10.7; P = .001). However, there was no significant difference in 1-year quit rates for participants with low Fagerstrom scores (< 7). CONCLUSIONS: Nicotine patch therapy enhanced 6 month quit rates as an adjunct to brief primary care intervention. The highest quit rates were achieved by participants who specifically contacted the site to enroll in the study or to obtain a prescription for nicotine patches. Differences in participant selection factors may account, in part, for the lower smoking cessation rates associated with primary care intervention. Duration of counseling, patient age, and Fagerstrom scores may be important factors related to the long-term smoking cessation success of nicotine patch therapy.

Administration, Cutaneous↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Gorlin syndrome: a case report.

Gorlin syndrome is an autosomal dominant inherited condition that exhibits high penetrance and variable expressivity. It is characterized mainly by Basal cell carcinomas, Odontogenic keratocysts and skeletal anomalies. However, medical literature documents both common and lesser known manifestations of the disorder involving the skin, central nervous system, skeletal system etc. Diagnosis of the syndrome in childhood is basically through oral abnormalities. A case of Gorlin syndrome has been reported here, with review of literature.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Cancer induction studies using different administrations of benzenediazonium sulfate in mice.

Benzenediazonium sulfate (BD) was administered as 10 weekly subcutaneous injections at 25 micrograms/g b.w. and as 52 weekly oral gavages at 100 micrograms/g b.w. to Swiss mice, starting at 6 weeks of age. The subcutaneous administration induced tumors in the subcutis with an incidence of 8% in females. The oral treatment gave rise to lung tumors with incidences of 52% in females and 62% in males. In the untreated control female mice, no subcutaneous tissue tumor was observed, but the incidences of lung tumors were 28% in females and 38% in males. Histopathologically, the neoplasms were classified as fibrosarcomas of the subcutis and adenomas and adenocarcinomas of the lungs. In an earlier experiment, BD induced high incidences of subcutaneous tissue tumors in the same species when it was administered as 26 weekly subcutaneous injections at 10 micrograms/g. This indicates the length of treatment is paramount to the dose of carcinogen. The oral route, even though it was carcinogenic in the lungs, failed to elicit the development of cancer in the glandular stomach.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Juvenile aggressive cemento-ossifying fibroma. A case report.

Juvenile Aggressive Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma is a benign, fibro osseous neoplasm commonly affecting maxilla but also other bones including mandible, arising in children. It is considered to be a locally aggressive and quickly expansile lesion. Because of its aggressive nature and high recurrence rate, an early detection and a complete surgical excision is essential. A case of Juvenile Aggressive Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma in a 9 year old male child who visited the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, J.S.S. Dental College and Hospital, Mysore is being reported and discussed.

Child↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Juvenile aggressive cemento-ossifying fibroma. A case report.

Juvenile Aggressive Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma is a benign, fibro osseous neoplasm commonly affected maxilla but also other bones including mandible, arising in children. It is considered to be a locally aggressive and quickly expansile lesion. Because of its aggressive nature and high recurrence rate, an early detection and a complete surgical excision is essential. A case of Juvenile Aggressive Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma in a 9 year old male child who visited the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, J.S.S. Dental college and Hospital, Mysore is being reported and discussed.

Child↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Computerized medical records and clinic function.

Formal studies of computerized information systems for ambulatory patients are rare. As part of an evaluation of the effects of such a system on clinic function, we divided the residents in our teaching clinic into a study group with access to COSTAR and a control group with access to conventional medical records alone. Nurses and clerical personnel in the clinic were allowed to use the computerized records only for patients of residents in the study group. We sampled the attitudes of nurses and clerical personnel toward use of the computer and performed detailed time studies of patient flow in the clinic. Responses to questionnaires reflected acceptance of computerization by the personnel sampled, who favored COSTAR records over conventional records, primarily because of the increased availability of information for telephone management and demand care. The residents never became facile users of COSTAR--a problem that we attribute to the infrequency of their clinic sessions. As a result, and because the workloads of residents using COSTAR were larger, waiting times were longer in clinics attended by these residents. Overall, the most intensive users of the computerized medical records were not the physicians. Improved productivity and better use of time among the nurses and clerical personnel were thought to outweigh the residents' perceptions.

Attitude to Computers↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Cancer induction in mice by 4-hydroxybenzenediazonium sulfate of the Agaricus xanthodermus mushroom.

4-Hydroxybenzenediazonium sulfate (HBD) was administered to Swiss mice by subcutaneous injection at weekly intervals of two or 36 times at 10 or 2 micrograms per gram body weight, respectively. The HBD given 36 times induced tumors of the subcutis in 22% of females and in 22% of males. The corresponding tumor incidences in the untreated controls were 2% in females and 8% in males. Histopathologically, the neoplasms were classified as fibromas, fibrosarcomas, myxosarcomas and rhabdomyosarcomas. The HBD given two times was, however, without tumor-inducing effect. HBD is an ingredient of the Agaricus xanthodermus, a non-cultivable unedible mushroom, which is closely related to the mushroom of commerce Agaricus bisporus. HBD is now the third compound of the diazonium class to exhibit carcinogenic activity.

Agaricus↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The carcinogenic effect of intracolonic administration of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride in mice.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (1,2-DMH) was given to Swiss mice in 1 or 10 weekly intracolonic instillations of 60 and 40 micrograms/g body weight, respectively. In mice that received a single treatment, the tumor incidences in the lungs, blood vessels and subcutis were 34% (p less than 0.006), 8 and 25 in females and 2, 20 and 0% in males, respectively. In mice treated repeatedly with the carcinogen, the corresponding tumor incidences were 34% (p less than 0.006), 38% (p less than 0.000001) and 12% (p less than 0.03) in females and 34, 10 and 0% in males, respectively. In control mice the tumor incidences in lungs, blood vessels and subcutis were 15, 8 and 2% in females and 22, 5 and 2% in males, respectively. The induction of large intestinal cancer, which was the main objective of this investigation, however, failed to materialize.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A carcinogenicity dose response study by continuous administration of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride in mice.

A dose response study in carcinogenesis by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (1,2-DMH) in Swiss mice was performed. The compound was administered continuously in drinking water for life from 6 weeks of age at dose levels of 0.002, 0.001, 0.0005, 0.00025, 0.000125, 0.0000625, 0.00003125 and 0.000015625%. A positive correlation was established between the dose levels of 1,2-DMH and the yield of blood vessel tumors. In addition, the latency periods for these tumors diminished when the dose levels of the carcinogen decreased. Although some of the treatments induced lung tumors, no association was observed between the dose levels of the carcinogen and the lung tumor incidence. The study thus provides an example in which the continuous lifespan administration of a carcinogen resulted in a partial dose response effect. This method of administration closely resembles some of the human exposure situation.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Carcinogenesis studies with the lyophilized mushroom Agaricus bisporus in mice.

Continuous administration of 10, 5, and 2.5% lyophilized Agaricus bisporus (AB) mushroom in the diet of six-week-old, randomly bred Swiss mice for life induced tumors in the lungs, forestomach, glandular stomach, and ovaries in certain groups. Some of the tumor incidences were found to be statistically significant, although no dose-response relationship was established. Histopathologically, the neoplasms were classified as adenomas and adenocarcinomas of lungs, glandular stomach, and ovaries and squamous cell papillomas and carcinomas of the forestomach. AB given in both raw and baked forms induced tumors in the same species in earlier experiments. Since this fungus is consumed in lyophilized form to a certain degree in the United States, the results may carry practical significance.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Carcinogenesis by benzenediazonium sulfate in mice.

Benzenediazonium sulfate (BD) was given to Swiss mice by 26 subcutaneous injections of 10 micrograms/g body weight at weekly intervals. The treatment gave rise to tumors of the subcutis. The tumor incidences in the treated groups were 42% in females and 26% in males. The corresponding tumor incidences in the untreated controls were 0% in females and 2% in males. Histopathologically, the neoplasms were classified as fibrosarcomas, rhabdomyosarcomas, and osteosarcomas of the subcutaneous tissue. BD is formed during the cytochrome P-450 catalyzed metabolism of the carcinogenic 1-(phenylazo)-2-hydroxynaphthalene (Sudan I, Solvent Yellow 14), which was used as a coloring agent for food and other materials in several countries. Further, BD is a metabolic breakdown product of different classes of nitrogen-nitrogen bond- containing chemicals. BD is the fourth benzenediazonium salt found to be carcinogenic in this laboratory.

Animals↗