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Biomedical subjects

K Ozkan

Publications and source records attributed to K Ozkan.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

The effect of short-term fasting on performance traits and rectal temperature of broilers during the summer season.

1. The present study was conducted to determine if detrimental effects of high temperature on broiler performance could be overcome by short-term fasting and to examine the effect of food withdrawal on the responses of two commercial strains (S1 and S2). 2. An experimental design was used with three feeding groups and two strains. Birds in the control (C) group were fed ad libitum during the experimental period (0 to 6 weeks), while feed was withdrawn in the other groups between 10:00 and 16:00 h during weeks 5 and 6 (F1) or week 6 (F2), respectively. After standard brooding for the first 3 weeks temperature and humidity varied according to outside climate between 4 and 6 weeks of age. 3. Feeding strategy significantly affected body weight at week 6 (BW6) and daily weight gain during week 6 (DWG5-6). F2 gave the best results in BW6 and DWG5-6. Strain effect was significant on DWG4-5 and DWG5-6; S1 had higher DWG4-5 and S2 gained more at the last stage. S1C broilers had greater BW6 than S2C but the S2 strain gave a better response to short-term fasting compared with S1 and this resulted in significant strain by feeding interaction effect on BW6 and DWG5-6. 4. It was shown that short-term fasting was an effective method for controlling rectal temperature (RT) of broilers at 5 and 6 weeks of age. 5. Total food consumption (FCO-6), food conversion ratio (FCRO-6), mortality, and carcase characteristics were not affected by short-term fasting in the experimental conditions. 6. In conclusion, it can be recommended that broiler producers may practise 6 h of fasting during the hot period of the day without any adverse effect on slaughter weight and FCR when the birds are close to the average slaughter weight and a heat wave is expected. Strain differences in RT measurements also indicate the importance of choosing strains to be used in hot and warm climate conditions with attention to the thermoregulation ability of broilers.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed2002

Morgagni hernia: rare presentations in elderly patients.

Morgagni hernia, which is both infrequent and generally asymptomatic, is often diagnosed when complications occur. Herein we present two elderly patients with Morgagni hernia, which were complicated with bowel perforation and upper gastro-intestinal bleeding. The recognition and management of these cases are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Free amino acid concentration in hydatid cyst fluids from fertile and infertile human and animal Echinococcus granulosus.

The aim of this study was to search and compare free amino acid composition of fertile and infertile cyst fluids obtained from humans and animals infected naturally with Echinococcus granulosus, by using automated analysis based on cation-exchange chromatography with post-column ninhydrin derivatization system. 11 free amino acids from fertile (sheep origin), nine from infertile (cattle origin), 13 from infertile (human origin) hydatid cyst fluids and 19 amino acids from sera of patients with hydatid infection were detected. The levels of glycine, alanine, valine and lyrosine in fertile and infertile hydatid cysts fluids were significantly higher than in sera from patients with hydatid cysts. Glycine level in the fertile hydatid cyst fluids (sheep origin) was significantly higher than those of infertile cysts fluids (cattle and human origin) and sera with hydatid patients. Glycine level in fertile hydatid cyst fluids was about two times more concentrated in infertile cattle cyst fluids, 10 times more concentrated in infertile human hydatid cyst fluids and 13 times more concentrated in sera with hydatid patients. On the other hand, alanine and valine concentration in the fertile and infertile cyst fluids were at similar level with the exception that valine level in fertile cyst fluids was 12 times more concentrated in infertile human cyst fluids. The levels of tyrosine, citrulline, leucine, isoleucine and lysine amino acids in fertile and infertile hydatid cyst fluids were similar. Our findings with respect to fertile and infertile cysts fluids showed that free amino acids concentrations in cyst fluids were significantly, higher in sera from patients with hydatid cyst. Total amount of free amino acids content in fertile and infertile cyst fluids was three to eight times higher from that of human sera with hydatid patients.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1999

Effect of dietary methionine on performance, carcase characteristics and breast meat composition of heterozygous naked neck (Na/na+) birds under spring and summer conditions.

1. Heterozygous naked neck (Na/na+) birds and their normally feathered counterparts (na+/na+) were fed from 0 to 7 weeks on 3 diets differing in methionine concentrations. From 0 to 3 and 3 to 7 weeks, respectively, the concentrations were: low containing 4.3 and 3.3 g/kg; optimum containing 5.0 and 3.8 g/kg and; high with 5.7 and 4.4 g/kg under spring (optimum ambient temperature) and summer conditions (high ambient temperature). Performance, carcase characteristics and breast meat chemical composition were determined. 2. Summer rearing resulted in a decrease in body weight, body weight gain, food consumption, and yields of carcase and breast. The summer temperature effect was more pronounced in males. Under summer temperatures, the protein content of the breast decreased while the fat content increased compared to birds reared in spring. 3. By 7 weeks of age, both genotypes reached similar body weights in the spring experiment while, in summer Na/na+ birds were 3.3% heavier and gained more in the period from 3 to 7 weeks than na+/na+ birds. Carcase and breast yields of Na/na+ birds were greater than in na+/na+ birds. 3. Second order polynomial coefficients of the dietary methionine effect were found to be significant for body weight at 3 and 7 weeks. Daily body weight gain between 3 and 7 weeks was linearly affected by the dietary methionine concentration. There was no interaction between genotype and methionine. 4. Methionine had no significant effect on carcase yield. Second order polynomial coefficients of the dietary methionine effect were found to be significant for breast yield while the methionine effect on abdominal fat was linear. Na/na+ females fed on the low methionine diet had lower protein content than the Na/na+ males. 5. It is concluded that the methionine requirement of Na/na+ birds did not differ from that of their normally feathered counterparts under either spring or summer ambient temperature conditions.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1998

Influence of dietary energy on bird performance, carcase parts yields and nutrient composition of breast meat of heterozygous naked neck broilers reared at natural optimum and summer temperatures.

1. Heterozygous naked neck birds were raised under natural spring (average 21.2 degrees C) and summer temperatures (average 27.1 degrees C) to investigate the influence of dietary energy on broiler performance, carcase yield and nutrient composition of breast meat. 2. Birds were fed on a low energy diet of 12.12 MJ ME/kg, a medium energy diet of 12.96 MJ ME/kg and a high energy diet of 13.79 MJ ME/kg with 2 protein concentrations per energy treatment, 230 and 200 g/kg, from 0 to 3 and 3 to 7 weeks of age, respectively. 3. Summer rearing resulted in a decrease in body weight, body weight gain, carcase weight and carcase part yields of birds. 4. Increasing dietary energy from 12.12 to 13.79 MJ ME/kg increased body weight at 3 and 7 weeks, body weight gains from 0 to 3 and 3 to 7 weeks, carcase weights and relative abdominal fat weights of birds in a linear manner. There was no effect of dietary energy on the nutrient composition of breast meat. 5. It was concluded that there was no differences in dietary energy requirements of heterozygous naked neck birds when grown under natural optimum (21.2 degrees C) and summer temperatures (27.1 degrees C).

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed1996

Effect of dietary protein content on live and carcase performance of heterozygous naked neck and normally feathered broilers.

1. An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different dietary protein contents on the performance of naked neck (Na/na) and normally feathered (na/na) broilers. 2. Chicks from the two genotypes were reared in wire-floored cages and divided at random into 3 groups. Birds were fed on high protein (HP, 12.99 MJ ME, 238 g crude protein/kg and 12.94 MJ ME, 216 g crude protein/kg from 0 to 3 and 3 to 7 weeks, respectively), medium protein (MP, 12.99 MJ ME, 219 g crude protein/kg and 12.87 MJ ME, 201 g crude protein/kg from 0 to 3 and 3 to 7 weeks), and low protein (LP, 12.94 MJ ME, 205 g crude protein/kg and 12.75 MJ ME, 184 g protein/kg from 0 to 3 and 3 to 7 weeks) diets. 3. The LP diets resulted in a significantly lower daily body weight gain of males from 0 to 3 weeks. Dietary protein content had no effect on body weight gain from 3 to 7 weeks, body weight at 7 weeks, and the food intake of birds. Carcase composition of birds from both genotypes was unaffected by dietary protein. 4. Naked neck birds had significantly higher body weights at 7 weeks. Yields of carcase and breast of Na/na males were significantly higher than those of na/na males. There were no significant differences between females from the two genotypes as regards carcase yield. 5. It was concluded that the dietary protein requirements of naked neck birds were similar to those for normally feathered birds.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Effect of appendicectomy on development of right inguinal hernia.

The effect of appendicectomy on the subsequent development of right inguinal hernia was investigated in 583 patients with hernias, 42 of whom had previously had appendicectomies. The incidence of right sided hernias was no greater among these patients than among those who had not had their appendixes removed. Neither sex was more prone to develop an inguinal hernia after appendicectomy, and no type of hernia (direct or indirect) predominated. The cause of right sided inguinal herniation after appendicectomy has been thought to be damage to the nerve supply of the inguinal muscles during the appendicectomy incision. All our 42 cases except two had had their appendicectomies through classic McBurney incisions, which were some distance away from the most common areas of nerve damage. We conclude that development of a right inguinal hernia is an unlikely complication of appendicectomy if a classic McBurney incision was used.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Trace elements in hydatid disease.

The serum and cyst fluid levels of selenium, zinc and copper were investigated both in patients and sheep with hydatid cysts. Results were compared with those of healthy subjects in both species. The serum values of Se, Zn and Cu in healthy subjects were 60.24 +/- 1.96 micrograms/L, 0.59 +/- 0.07 mg/L, and 1.01 +/- 0.08 mg/L, respectively. The corresponding serum values of the three trace elements in patients with hydatidosis were 41.30 +/- 1.94 micrograms/L, 1.27 +/- 0.08 mg/L, and 0.89 +/- 0.09 mg/L. These results show a decrease in Se and Zn, and a rise in Cu in sera of patients with hydatid disease. Similar results were obtained in infested sheep as related to the healthy control animals. Our results on the three trace elements were found to correlate well with the incidence of cirrhosis, malignant and infectious diseases and arthritis. Se was not detectable in cyst fluid, while Cu and Zn levels were found significantly lower than serum levels. Cu and Zn levels in cyst fluid showed no difference in both species. Variations in serum Cu, Zn and Se levels were insignificant with regard to the genus of the host and the fertile capacity of the hydatid cyst.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Bezoars--analysis of seven cases.

From 1979 to 1986 seven patients were studied in whom bezoars had been diagnosed. The history of five patients revealed that they had eaten a fruit called prunus lauricerasus, grown in the east Black Sea region. This is quite different from persimmons which are well-known as an aetiological agent of phytobezoars. Trichobezoars were present in one case, and phytobezoars in five cases. In one case, trichophytobezoar was removed surgically from the stomach. Our five cases were operated on to treat small bowel obstruction. Surgery was performed in all our cases and prunus lauricerasus should be kept in mind as an aetiological factor besides persimmons.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasound diagnosis of liver hydatid disease.

A clinical study of 42 patients with hydatid disease was carried out using a real-time gray scale B-scanner. All cases were confirmed surgically. The ultrasound characteristics of the hydatid cysts were classified into three groups: Type I, simple hydatid cyst (19 of the 42 cases), type II, hydatid cyst with a disrupted wall and septa (14 cases), and type III, hydatid cyst with a heterogeneous echo pattern (9 cases). It was concluded that ultrasound classification of the cysts increases diagnostic accuracy. However, if a hydatid cyst becomes secondarily infected these typical changes are lost and the ultrasound diagnosis may then become more difficult. Periodic examinations should be performed with ultrasound after surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Changes in ionized calcium content and related clinical chemical parameters in cases of left-sided abomasal displacement.

There is still uncertainty about the etiology and pathogenesis of abomasal displacement. Changes in total and ionized calcium are considered to be important pieces in the mosaic of causative factors. The present study on pre- and postoperative clinical chemical changes revealed a preoperative reduction in ionized calcium values. The reduction seemed mainly to be due to changes in the pH of blood.

Abomasum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of copper on liver and bone metabolism in malnutrition.

This study was planned to investigate the effects of copper (Cu) deficiency on liver and bone metabolism in malnourished children. Serum total calcium (Ca), inorganic phosphorus (P), Ca/P, Cu/Ca, Cu/P ratios and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity values were analyzed. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) enzyme activities and the ALT/AST (De Ritis) ratio as well as their correlations with Cu were tested to determine liver function. The results of the study showed that Cu deficiency directly affects the organic matrix formation, and by the suppression of ALP activity, indirectly causes decalcification. In the liver, however, no direct effect of Cu deficiency was seen. Deterioration in liver function and Cu deficiency increased parallel with the severity of malnutrition. Thus we concluded that a correlation exists between Cu and the parameters that indicate liver function.

Bone and Bones↗