[Therapeutic effect of adenovirus-mediated transfer of the wild-type p53 gene with cisplatin].
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Adenocarcinoma↗
Biomedical subjects
K Orita
Publications and source records attributed to K Orita.
[Isolation rate of E. coli from surgical infections and their susceptibilities].
Escherichia coli isolated from surgical infections during the period from July 1983 to June 1995 were investigated in a multicenter study involving 19 hospitals in Japan, and the following results were obtained. 1. Although the isolation rate of E. coli was not high from postoperative infections, it was most frequently isolated from primary infections throughout the study period. E. coli, Klebsiella spp. and anaerobic bacteria were predominant from fresh infections. From the cases that had previous antibiotics treatment, Enterococcus spp. were the most predominant isolates followed by MRSA and Pseudomonas spp. in this order. 2. Against E. coli, cefozopran, carumonam and aztreonam had the strongest activity, followed by cefmenoxime, imipenem, latamoxef, gentamicin and ofloxacin. Recently, we have noticed that antibiotic resistant E. coli strains particularly against cefazolin are increasing year by year.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
[Dynamic MR and fat suppression imaging of pancreatic carcinoma].
The usefulness of dynamic MR and fat suppression imaging was investigated in 19 patients with pancreatic duct cell carcinoma. In addition to conventional spin echo imaging, dynamic MR and fat suppression imaging were performed. These images were evaluated for the detectability of lesions. The detectability of lesions was classified as good, fair or poor. On T1 weighted images, 26% of cases were evaluated as "good" and 32% as "fair". On dynamic MRI, 69% of cases were evaluated as "good" and 26% of cases as "fair". On pre- and postcontrast fat suppression images, 32% and 28%, respectively, were evaluated as "good", and 47% and 39% as "fair". Neither T2 weighted images nor enhanced T1 weighted images were useful. Direct comparison between dynamic MR and fat suppression images was also done. In 42% of cases, dynamic MR was superior to fat suppression images and in 42%, dynamic MRI was equal to fat suppression. In 16% of cases, fat suppression was superior to dynamic MRI. It was concluded that dynamic MR and fat suppression imaging were more useful than conventional spin echo imaging for the detection of pancreatic carcinoma.
Aged↗
Cytokine production-suppressive effect by macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF).
Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) is a protein which is necessary for proliferation and differentiation of monocyte-macrophage precursor cells. We examined the effect of M-CSF on the cytokine production using BCG sensitized mice in vivo. On Day 0, BCG 1 mg/mouse was injected via the tail vein. Starting from Day 2, M-CSF 30 mu g/mouse (1 X 10(8) U/mg) was injected every 2 days for a total of six times (Day 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12). On Day 14. LPS 25 mu g/mouse was injected via the tail vein, and Interferon (IFN)/Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in serum were determined. The productions of IFN and TNF-alpha were suppressed significantly. These cytokine production-suppressive effects of M-CSF were found also in the in vitro experimental system using spleen cells collected. On Day 14, spleen cells were collected and adjusted to 5 X 10(6) cells/ml. 20 micro-grams of LPS was added to 2ml of spleen cells and they were incubated in a C02 incubator for 24 hours. IFN and TNF-alpha in the supernatant were determined. In the experiment using nude mice, the cytokine suppressive effect of M-CSF was not observed. MLR test was performed with spleen cells of C57BL/6 treated with M-CSF as the responder cells, and spleen cells of C3H were treated with mitomycin C as the stimulator cells. MLR was suppressed significantly by administration of M-CSF. These results might possibly reflect the actual effect of M-CSF in the living body, and the T-cell and cellular immunity might be concerned with the mechanism of the cytokine production-suppressive effect of M-CSF.
Animals↗
Mucosal stripping in the treatment of a major leak from an oesophagojejunostomy.
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Aged↗
[Recombinant virus-mediated transfer of the wild-type p53 gene is a potent therapeutic strategy for human cancer].
Tumor suppressor p53 gene, which is most commonly mutated in human cancers, plays an important role in the control of cell cycle and the induction of apoptosis (programmed cell death). Transfection of the wild-type p53 gene into tumor cells induced either growth suppression or apoptosis. We have examined the effect of the recombinant retroviral or adenoviral vector expressing the wild-type p53 gene on the tumor cell proliferation as well as on the sensitivity of infected-tumor cells to various anticancer agents. The possible application of recombinant virus-mediated direct in vivo transfer of the wild-type p53 gene to human cancer therapy will be discussed.
Adenoviridae↗
The effects of nutritional repletion on donors for liver transplantation in pigs.
It has been shown that the nutritional state of the donor may affect the outcome of liver transplantation. However, many donors staying in the intensive care unit for a long period are in a reduced nutritional state. In this study, we investigated the effects of various methods of nutritional repletion on the outcome of liver transplantation in pigs. Donor pigs were divided into three groups according to the nutritional pretreatment given for 7 days before harvesting: group I were fasted and received intravenous administration of saline; group II were fed orally; group III were fasted, but given 20% glucose intravenously. Donor livers were stored for 4 hr in cold Euro-Collins' solution and transplanted. The serum AST level 24 hr after reperfusion remained at a lower level in group III compared with those in groups I and II. Bile production of the liver after transplantation was also well recovered in group III. The glycogen content of the liver at harvesting, which was completely consumed in group 1, was well preserved in groups II and III. These storages in both groups were rapidly consumed 1 hr after reperfusion. On the other hand, ATP content of the liver in groups I, II, and III, which were at a similar level at harvesting, were markedly decreased 4 hr after cold preservation and, 1 hr after reperfusion, recovered to 26%, 48%, and 73% of that before preservation, respectively. The mean survival time in group III was 37.2 days, significantly longer than 5.8 +/- 0.7 and 9.8 +/- 2.0 days in groups I and II, respectively (P < 0.01). These results show that the favorable outcome of liver transplantation depends on the glycogen storage in the donor liver, and also on ATP generation after reperfusion. Furthermore, it was suggested that ATP generation was affected by some unknown factor related to the method of nutritional repletion.
Adenosine Triphosphate↗
Cyclin A and Cdk2 kinase activity are suppressed by combined treatment with tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-alpha.
We previously reported that combined treatment with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) showed a synergistic antitumor effect via regulation of cell cycle progression in the S phase. Here, we investigated the effect of the combined treatment with TNF-alpha and IFN-alpha on cell cycle regulating protein in RPMI 4788 cells. Treatment with TNF-alpha or IFN-alpha alone showed no effect on these proteins, however, the combined treatment showed suppression of cyclin A protein and its associated kinase activity. Furthermore, although the combined treatment inhibited Cdk2 kinase activity, the amount of Cdk2 protein was not affected. These results suggested that TNF-alpha and IFN-alpha work together to suppress cyclin A and Cdk2 kinase activity and to inhibit cell cycle progression in the S phase.
CDC2 Protein Kinase↗
Decreased expression of DCC mRNA in gastric and colorectal cancer.
The deleted-in-colorectal-cancer (DCC) gene, located on chromosome 18q 21.3, is considered to be a tumor suppressor gene related to cellular adhesion receptors. A loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 18q is frequently observed in adenomatous polyposis coli, as well as in sporadic colon carcinoma and its liver metastatic loci. In this study, we investigated the expression of DCC mRNA in the resected specimens of 38 gastric cancers and 28 colorectal cancers by a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method. In the gastric cancer patients, the mean expression level of DCC mRNA in the tumors was significantly lower than that in normal tissues (p = 0.009), but no difference was observed in the colorectal cancer patients. DCC mRNA expression was decreased in 15 gastric cancers (40%) and 10 colorectal cancers (36%), and there was a significant correlation between the decreased expression of DCC mRNA and nodal metastasis in colorectal cancer (chi 2 = 7.049, DF = 1, P = 0.0079). Two of four gastric cancer patients and none of seven colorectal cancer patients whose cancers were confined to the muscularis propria without metastasis showed decreased expression of DCC mRNA. These findings demonstrate that decreased expression of DCC mRNA may occur at an early stage in gastric cancer and at a late stage in colorectal cancer and that this decreased expression correlates with the potential to develop nodal metastasis.
Cell Adhesion Molecules↗
Hepatectomy under extracorporeal circulation.
BACKGROUND: Resection of hepatic tumors located near the confluence of the hepatic vein or invading the inferior vena cava has become technically feasible and relatively safe by using venovenous bypass. However, some technical problems remain to be solved. METHODS: We performed three cases of hepatic resection under extracorporeal circulation combined with hypothermic perfusion. RESULTS: An unexpected hemorrhage was observed in all three cases for different causes. The patient of case 2 died of liver failure developed from fatty liver. Bile duct stenosis was observed in cases 1 and 3. CONCLUSIONS: Although hepatectomy under total vascular exclusion by use of Biopump is now considered a safe procedure, attention should be paid when this procedure is performed because some technical problems still remain.
Blood Loss, Surgical↗
Localization of T cell receptor (TCR)-gamma delta + T cells into human colorectal cancer: flow cytometric analysis of TCR-gamma delta expression in tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes.
We analysed TCR-gamma delta expression in tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) obtained from 13 patients with colorectal cancer and simultaneously isolated the T lymphocytes from normal intestinal tissue (IL) to compare the frequencies of TCR-gamma delta expression in TIL, IL, and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) in the same patient. Flow cytometric analysis showed that the frequency of TCR-gamma delta expression in TIL (2.75 +/- 1.84%) was significantly lower than that in IL (15.28 +/- 9.45%, P < 0.01). However, a larger quantity of TIL was separated than IL per unit weight of specimen, so the total number of gamma delta T cells obtained per unit weight was not different between tumour tissue and normal intestine. In addition, phenotypic analysis revealed that about half of the TCR-gamma delta + TIL were CD8+ (CD4+, 3.0 +/- 3.1%; CD8+, 54.7 +/- 19.9%, mean +/- s.d. of five patients), and a very similar result was obtained in TCR-gamma delta + IL (CD4+, 2.7 +/- 2.4%; CD8+, 53.1 +/- 17.4%). In contrast, most TCR-gamma delta + PBL were double-negative (CD4+, 3.2 +/- 3.0%; CD8+, 20.6 +/- 7.4%). These results indicated that TCR-gamma delta + CD8+ T cells selectively and consistently localized in colorectal tumour tissue, similarly to normal intestinal epithelium.
Aged↗
Expression of Fas antigen and Bcl-2 protein in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Fas antigen (ag) is a cell surface protein known to trigger apoptosis in a variety of cells upon specific antibody binding. On the other hand, Bcl-2 protein, an oncogene product located at the mitochondrial inner surface, prolongs cell survival by blocking apoptosis. In this study we examined the expression of Fas ag and bcl-2 protein in 17 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to determine their role on HCC. By flow cytometric analysis, mean (SD) value of the expression of Fas ag on hepatocytes derived from normal liver, diseased liver (chronic hepatitis or liver cirrhosis) and HCC was 5.8 (4.7)%, 10.3 (6.9)%, and 24.0 (18.2)%, respectively. Fas ag expression on hepatoma cells was significantly greater than normal and diseased liver cells. The expression of Bcl-2 protein in normal liver, diseased liver and HCC was 4.3 (8.5)%, 0.8 (2.5)% and 2.1 (3.4)%, respectively, and the difference was not significant. These results suggest that induction of apoptosis may be a possible therapy against HCC.
Adult↗
Lipid peroxidation in hepatocellular carcinoma.
In this study, we measured free radicals and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) in hepatocellular carcinoma and in non-cancerous liver parenchyma. There was a higher concentration of free radicals in malignant tissue than in non-cancerous tissue. In contrast, the level of TBARS was significantly (P < 0.01) lower than non-cancerous liver parenchyma. These paradoxical results suggested that antioxidative enzyme activity and/or inhibition of lipid peroxidation were higher in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a multicenter study of 17 hospitals.
A study of 1,254 laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed at 17 hospitals affiliated with the Liver, Gallbladder, and Pancreas Research Group of the First Department of Surgery at Okayama University was undertaken to assess the current status and safety of this procedure. The data for 336 patients, comprising the initial 20 laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed at each institution, were compared with the data from the remaining 918 patients. Comparison of the two groups revealed the following: 1. the rates of intraoperative conversion to open cholecystectomy were 11.3% and 5.1% (P < 0.05), 2. the complication rates were 5.7% and 3.4%, and 3. the rates of bile duct injury were 2.4% and 1.1%, respectively. Compared with the first group, the bile duct injuries resulting from a lack of experience decreased in the second group, however, the incidence of these injuries occurring during avulsion of the gallbladder in difficult cases increased. These results suggest that the experience acquired during the initial 20 laparoscopic cholecystectomies led to a reduction in the rate of intraoperative conversion to open cholecystectomy, but it did not reduce the rate of complications, and that the risk of bile duct injury was always present.
Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic↗
Effect of Picibanil (OK-432) on the scavenging effect of free radicals produced during liver regeneration in the rat.
We administered a biological response modifier Picibanil (OK-432), attenuated Streptococcus pyogenes, via the dorsal vein of the penis after 70% hepatectomy in rats, and clarified the scavenging effect of Picibanil on free radicals generated in the regenerating liver. A group of 5 rats was intravenously administered with 25 KE/kg of OK-432 after hepatectomy, while the control group was given saline after hepatectomy. Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase and the value of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in serum and hepatic tissue after hepatectomy were serially measured, and these values were significantly lower in Picibanil treated animals than in control animals. Free radical production in the regenerating liver was also measured by electron spin resonance spectrometry, and OK-432 injection significantly reduced free radical production. These results suggested that OK-432 reduced hepatocellular damage in regenerating liver by inhibiting lipid peroxidation.
Alanine Transaminase↗
Surgical treatment for Crohn's disease.
The medical records of 16 consecutive patients with Crohn's disease surgically treated in our department from 1978 to 1993 were retrospectively reviewed. The indication for surgery was obstructive symptoms due to Crohn's strictures that were unresponsive to conservative therapy. The types of operations performed were classified into five categories. Nine patients (56.3%) had small bowel resection only, 4 (25.0%) underwent an ileocolonic resection, 1 (6.3%) had a total colectomy, 1 (6.3%) had Mile's operation and 1 (6.3%) had subtotal gastrectomy with gastrojejunostomy and antral mucosectomy. Of these 16 patients, 13 (81.3%) had resection with a single anastomosis and strictureplasty was concomitantly performed in only 2 cases (12.5%). Crohn's disease recurred in 3 patients (18.8%), 1 of whom required a second operation.
Adult↗
Measurement of hepatic blood flow using 111In colloid.
The reduced hepatic blood flow calculated from hepatic scintigram with 198Au colloid was elucidated as the primary responsible factor for postoperative hepatic insufficiency. However 198Au colloid is no longer in use because of the high levels of radiation. Although 99mTc-phytate behaves similarly to 198Au on imaging, there were discrepancies between the hepatic blood flow index (KL) value and the severity of cirrhosis determined by laboratory data or by histology. In the measurement of hepatic blood flow using a radioactive colloid, factors like organ distribution, stability and uniformity of the colloid particles influence the values. In the present study, a 111In colloid was prepared and administered to rats to investigate the usefulness: as much as 95.4 (0.8) [Mean (+/- SD)]% of the colloid accumulated in the liver at pH 6.8. The distribution of particle diameter was within a relatively narrow range with the peak at 0.2 to 0.4 microns. Moreover, the KL values were not affected by condition of the reticuloendothelial system. The values showed a significant correlation with the measurements of the hepatic tissue blood flow obtained by the hydrogen gas clearance method (gamma = 0.83, P < 0.001). Thus, the 111In colloid can be clinically used as a substitute for 198Au colloid in the preoperative examination for estimation of the limit of resection.
Animals↗
Combined therapy with interleukin 2 and indomethacin in mice inoculated with MH134 hepatoma.
The antitumor effects of indomethacin and interleukin 2 (IL-2) were studied in C3H/HeJ mice inoculated with MH134 hepatoma cells. Combined treatment with indomethacin and IL-2 augmented natural killer (NK) cells in mice with MH134-induced peritoneal carcinomatosis, and the survival of the treated mice was significantly longer than the non-treated mice. In animals with subcutaneous MH134 tumors, the combined therapy with indomethacin and IL-2 significantly suppressed tumor growth and induced complete regression of the tumor in three out of five mice. These results suggest that indomethacin and IL-2 therapy could be effective on human gastrointestinal cancer cells as well.
Animals↗