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Biomedical subjects

K Ono

Publications and source records attributed to K Ono.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Effects of epidermal growth factor on maternal and fetal serum amino acid levels in rats.

Pregnant rats were subcutaneously administered with mouse epidermal growth factor (EGF) at the concentration of 0, 100, or 200 micrograms/kg body weight/day from day 18 to 21 of gestation. The amino acid analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography demonstrated that the umbilical venous/maternal and fetal/maternal ratio of serum proline concentration increased in EGF dose-dependent manner accompanied by the increase in the ratios of total fetal weight and placental weight to maternal body weight gain. These results suggested that EGF regulates fetal growth by, as one of its possible mechanism, promoting placental proline supply from mother to fetus.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1997

Hepatic oxygen supply, energy charge, and histological findings in dogs with portal vein arterialization.

Hepatic oxygen supply, energy charge (EC), and histology were examined comparatively in dogs with portal vein anastomosis (PVA group), and PA in addition to PVA (PA group). The PVA group showed a lower level of hepatic oxygen supply than those of the PA group throughout the experimental period, and also showed decreases of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and EC level after blood perfusion. In contrast, the oxygen supply and consumption were stable in the PA group. A temporary fall of ATP level was followed by recovery to the preperfusion level in the PA group. Histological examination indicated the collapse of hepatic cords with granular and vacuolar degeneration in only the PVA group. These findings suggested that PA, when supplemented to PVA, is an available technique for preventing hepatic failure caused by ischemic conditions.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1997

Apolipoprotein B (apoB) concentrations in lipoproteins in cows.

The concentrations of apolipoprotein B (apoB)-48 and apoB-100 in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL), intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL), and low density lipoprotein (LDL) fractions separated by gel permeation chromatography were determined in Holstein and Japanese black cows by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A significant correlation (p < 0.01) was observed between apoB-48 in TRL and plasma triglyceride (TG) levels in both Holstein and Japanese black cows. Additionally, apoB-48 in TRL and plasma TG levels in Holstein cows were significantly lower (p < 0.01) than those in Japanese black cows. These results suggested that TG derived from intestinal (exogenous) TRL rather than from liver (endogenous) TRL was the major source of milk fat.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets syndrome associated with primary anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome.

A 28-year-old woman with a history of a spontaneous abortion developed thrombocytopenia, Coombs-negative hemolytic anemia, and liver dysfunction at the sixteenth week of pregnancy. These findings were compatible with hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet counts). Moreover, serum anti-phospholipid antibodies were positive, suggesting the association of anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome. An artificial abortion, anti-coagulation therapy, and plasma exchange were performed concomitantly with corticosteroid therapy. She responded to the therapy, a remission was obtained. Anti-phospholipid antibodies may play a role in the pathogenesis of HELLP syndrome.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1997

Repair of soft tissue to bone using a biodegradable suture anchor.

The medial collateral ligaments of 18 New Zealand rabbits were surgically detached from bone. In one knee, the ligament was repaired using a biodegradable suture anchor composed of a co-polymer of lactic and glycolic acid. The contralateral medial collateral ligament was not repaired. Animals were sacrificed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the operation, and the knee that had the ligament repair was compared with the contralateral control knee. All knees were tested manually tested for stability to valgus stress and then prepared for histologic examination. Medial collateral ligaments repaired using the biodegradable suture anchor demonstrated stability to valgus stress and anatomic healing at the bone-tendon junction. Resorption of the implant was virtually complete by 12 weeks. All specimens demonstrated less inflammatory reaction to the suture anchor than to the attached Vicryl suture. This contrasts with the control group, which was grossly unstable and demonstrated scarring in this nonanatomic position. These results demonstrate efficacy of this particular material of biodegradable implant and justify further investigative efforts.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[A case of gastric malignant lymphoma with perforation during chemotherapy].

A 54-year-old male was admitted for loss of appetite lasting for about 3 months. The patient was diagnosed as malignant lymphoma in the stomach invading directly the pancreas, spleen and transverse colon. Chemotherapy, two cycles of VEPA.M, was selected as the initial treatment. After the first cycle of chemotherapy, the patient was discharged temporarily. During the second cycle, on an ambulant basis, the patient suddenly complained of severe pain and distension in the abdomen. Through the X-ray examination of the chest, free air was demonstrated in the bilateral subphrenic spaces. The patient was diagnosed as perforation of the gastrointestinal tract. Subsequently, total gastrectomy was performed. Pathological examination revealed no malignant cells in the stomach wall. It is suggested that the perforation was caused by weakening of the stomach wall following chemotherapy.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1997

Comparison of proliferative activity in coronary plaques from patients with coronary ischemia. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis.

The overgrowth of cells of the vessel wall, especially of the smooth muscle cells (SMCs), contributes to the pathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis and wound repair after coronary angioplasty. However, the association between cellular proliferation in coronary lesions and clinical pathophysiology remains to be clarified in humans. Thus, we investigated proliferative activity in coronary tissues obtained from patients with coronary ischemia. The proliferative activity in tissues obtained by using directional coronary atherectomy (DCA) from 87 coronary lesions was assessed by immunohistochemical staining for the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The lesions were divided into 34 primary lesions and 53 postangioplasty lesions. The 34 primary tissue samples were obtained from 9 patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) and 25 patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Collectively, the 53 postangioplasty tissue samples were obtained from 37 patients with SAP and 16 patients with ACS. The PCNA labeling index (LI) was quantified as the mean percentage of PCNA-positive cells in the 3 most positive high-power fields (x 200). The mean LIs were high in the primary ACS samples [8.9 +/- 2.1% (p = 0.01)] and postangioplasty samples [2.3 +/- 0.8% (p = 0.08) in SAP cases and 4.1 +/- 2.4% (p = 0.06) in ACS cases] compared with the primary SAP samples (0.2 +/- 0.2%). Intimal hyperplasia, a random proliferation of SMCs (alpha-actin positive) was marked in the primary ACS samples (76%) as well as in the postangioplasty SAP (92%) and ACS (81%) samples, as compared with the primary SAP samples (33%) (p < 0.01). PCNA expression was mainly evident in the nucleus of the SMCs and CD68-positive macrophages. Many PCNA-positive cells were localized in plaque areas, as follows: intimal hyperplasia, neovascularized lesions, lesions with macrophage clusters, and lesions near areas of disrupted internal elastic lamina. The levels of PCNA expression in coronary lesions were not associated with the subsequent development of restenosis after DCA. Our findings suggest that the excessive proliferation of vascular wall cells, especially SMCs, is involved in the pathogenesis of ACS and in the process of wound repair after angioplasty in humans.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Dural arteriovenous fistula presenting as acute-onset dementia: a case report].

We report here a unique case of acute-onset dementia caused by a posterior fossa dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF), which was successfully treated by surgical resection of the isolated transverse-sigmoid sinus combined with endovascular procedures. A 70-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with acute-onset dementia and pulsatile tinnitus on the left side. CT scan revealed a low-density area in the parieto-temporal region. Cerebral angiography revealed a dural AVF of the transverse-sigmoid sinus with retrograde drainage into cerebral cortical veins. After transarterial endovascular embolization of the dural AVF, a xenon-CT scan revealed increased cerebral blood flow. Four months postoperatively, however, she was admitted to our hospital again with seizure and aphasia due to recanalizaion of the dural AVF. After trans-arterial embolization, transvenous embolization was attempted, but was unsuccessful due to inaccessibility of the isolated sinus segment. Since this patient could not be cured by endovascular embolization, an open surgical resection of the isolated sinus segment was performed. Following this, CT scans revealed that the low density area present on the first admission had disappeared. The patient's dementia resolved postoperatively. We discuss the pathophysiological mechanism by which venous ischemia due to dural AVF can cause reversible dementia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

[The effect of volatile anesthetics on EEG, auditory evoked potentials and somatosensory evoked potentials in dogs].

We compared the changes in EEG and evoked potentials among dogs anesthetized with halothane (H), isoflurane (I) or enflurane (E). The mean frequency of EEG with H was higher than that with I and E at 1 and 2 MAC. The amplitude of the 5th wave of auditory brain stem response with H was larger than that with I and E at 2 MAC. In terms of the Pa wave of auditory middle latency response, the amplitude with H was larger than that with E at 1 MAC, and the incidence of the wave with H was higher than that with I and E at 2 MAC. The amplitudes of N2 and N3 waves of somatosensory evoked potentials with H and I tended to decrease with increasing MAC, whereas those with E increased temporarily at 1 MAC. The inhibitory effects on EEG and evoked potentials were different among three volatile anesthetics.

Anesthetics, Inhalation↗
PubMed1997

Case of propylthiouracil-induced vasculitis associated with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA); review of literature.

A 39-year-old Japanese woman had been receiving propylthiouracil for 5 years for hyperthyroidism when she developed myalgia, scleritis, proteinuria, fever, and inflammation of the nose. Examination of a renal biopsy specimen showed focal segmental necrotizing glomerulonephritis. Indirect immunofluorescent staining showed a highly positive perinuclear pattern of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) in her serum. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of the ANCA showed positivity for anti-proteinase 3, anti-myeloperoxidase, anti-leukocyte elastase, and anti-lactoferrin, but anti-cathepsin G and anti-lysozyme were negative. Because ELISA showed the titer of anti-leukocyte elastase antibody to be markedly elevated, we challenged this data by performing dot blot analysis. The patient's serum reacted with the native form, but not with denatured leukocyte elastase. Propylthiouracil-induced vasculitis was suspected. Symptoms abated within 2 weeks and all values of ANCA were reduced after the drug was withdrawn. Vasculitis is a rare side-effect of propylthiouracil therapy. Recently it was reported in association with ANCA. We present the findings of this patient and compare them with those described in 19 published cases of propylthiouracil-induced vasculitis associated with ANCA.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Evaluation of the relation of job stress and food intake to hyperuricemia].

To evaluate the relation of job stress and food intake to hyperuricemia, a case-control study was performed in male subjects who had undergone complete physical examinations. Cases (n = 113) were those with hyperuricemia of over 7.5 mg/dl and controls (n = 113) were those with serum uric acid of less than 7.5 mg/dl. Stepwise regression analysis was performed using sixteen items which were significantly related to hyperuricemia by McNemar's method. Consequently, four items; "negative attitude toward work (Odds ratio 5.22, p < 0.01)", "tendency to become competitive in the job and other areas (Odds ratio 5.54, p < 0.01)" in type A behavior, "high meat consumption (Odds ratio 6.94, p < 0.01)", and "high fat intake (Odds ratio 4.05, p < 0.01)", were significantly related to hyperuricemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Investigation of complications of bronchial artery embolization using superselective catheter system and platinum coil-major complications as vascular detachment].

We have performed bronchial artery embolization (BAE) in patients with hemoptysis using a superselective catheter system and a permanent-emboli coil. We performed an investigation because major complications were observed. Of a total of 57 BAE using this system, 7 cases of major complications as detachment of the large vessel were found. Although BAE using this system is effective because permanent emboli can be selectively in-dwelled in abnormally developing vessels, detachment of vessels were developed in 7 cases. They are found more frequently for embolization of the left bronchial artery and full attention should be paid to this phenomenon when performing this surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Kinetic analysis of the disposition of MRK16, an anti-P-glycoprotein monoclonal antibody, in tumors: comparison between in vitro and in vivo disposition.

The kinetics of the disposition of MRK16, an anti-P-glycoprotein monoclonal antibody, was studied in two human colorectal tumor cell lines, HCT-15 and COLO205, whose P-glycoprotein expression is extensive and poor, respectively. In a series of in vitro binding studies, the amount of MRK16 associated with HCT-15 cells at steady state was approximately 40 times greater than that associated with COLO205 cells. In in vivo studies, the disposition of MRK16 was determined in tumor-bearing mice after intravenous administration. The difference in the tumor-to-plasma concentration ratio between the two cell lines was only 2.3-fold at 72 hr after injection. To explain the large difference observed between the in vitro and in vivo results, a series of kinetic simulation studies were performed. By considering the physiological parameters specific for MRK16 (such as permeability-surface area product and the kinetic parameters determined in vitro), the time profiles for the tumor concentration were predicted. The predicted difference in the tumor-to-plasma concentration ratio at 72 hr was calculated to be 2.6-fold, although the permeability-surface area product across the tumor capillary and other physiological parameters were comparable between the two tumor cell lines. The discrepancy between the in vitro and in vivo results was accounted for by the fact that the tumor extracellular fluid concentration at this time point was 13-fold lower in HCT-15 tumors than in COLO205 tumors because of the restricted penetration of MRK16 through the tumor capillaries. This finding suggests that this factor accounts for the in vitro and in vivo difference in the tumor disposition of MRK16.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1997

The micronucleus assay of lymphocytes is a useful predictive assay of the radiosensitivity of normal tissue: a study of three inbred strains of mice.

Radiation sensitivity was measured by the micronucleus assay in T lymphocytes of the spleen and in fibroblasts derived from three inbred strains of mice, BALB/c, A/J and C3H/He. A linear correlation between the surviving fraction and the micronucleus frequency was obtained. There were clear differences in the radiosensitivity of T lymphocytes and of fibroblasts from the different strains of mice. T lymphocytes and fibroblasts from BALB/c mice were more radiosensitive than those from A/J and C3H/He mice. To explore the correlation between the radiosensitivity of T lymphocytes and of fibroblasts in vitro and the reaction of normal tissue to radiation, the survival ofjejunal crypt stem cells from the three mouse strains was determined using a microcolony assay. The jejunal crypt cells of BALB/c mice were more radiosensitive than those of A/J and C3H/He mice. Thus the order of radiosensitivity of T lymphocytes and fibroblasts in vitro corresponds to the sensitivity ofjejunal crypt cells in vivo. Our results suggest that determining the radiosensitivity of T lymphocytes and fibroblasts in vitro may be useful in predicting the magnitude of radiation-induced damage in the small intestine.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Activation of cardiac ATP-sensitive K+ channels by KRN4884, a novel K+ channel opener.

In the present study, we have investigated the mechanism underlying the activation by 5-amino-N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-N'-cyano-3- pyridinecarboxamidine (KRN4884), a new K+ channel opener, of ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels in single ventricular cells of guinea pig hearts by the inside-out patch-clamp method. In the presence of intracellular ATP (1 mM), KRN4884 (0.1-3 microM) activated KATP channels in a concentration-dependent manner (EC50 = 0.55 microM) without affecting the unitary current conductance and the gating properties. KRN4884 (0.3 microM) shifted the concentration-response relationship for ATP-induced KATP channel inhibition to the right and slightly upward direction without altering the slope. After either the spontaneous or Ca++-induced channel rundown, KRN4884 (1 and 3 microM) partially restored the KATP channel activity. Furthermore, the effect of KRN4884 was augmented by the presence of uridine 5'-diphosphate (3 mM). The results indicate that KRN4884 activates cardiac KATP channels through not only decreasing the sensitivity of the channel to ATP but also directly stimulating the opening of the channel.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗