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Biomedical subjects

K Okui

Publications and source records attributed to K Okui.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Catabolism of lipoprotein-X (Lp-X) induced by infusion of 10% intralipid].

In order to clarify the metabolism of Lipoprotein X (Lp-X) induced by intravenous Intralipid 10%, in vitro experiments using purified Lp-X from the sera of the patients receiving Intralipid 10% were carried out. 1) Lp-X or high density lipoprotein (HDL) was incubated with J-774 macrophages laden with [3H] cholesterol. Marked extraction of cholesterol from macrophages by Lp-X as well as HDL was observed. 2) [3H] cholesterol labelled Lp-X or oxidized LDL (o-LDL) was incubated with J-774 macrophages. Incorporation of Lp-X into macrophages was negligible comparing to o-LDL. 3) [3H] cholesterol labelled Lp-X, low density lipoprotein (LDL), or HDL was incubated with Hep G2 cells was less than LDL, but similar to that of HDL. These results indicated that Lp-X extracted cholesterol from peripheral tissues during its formation, and it was not catabolized by the scavenger pathway, but catabolized by the LDL pathway of hepatocytes.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1991

[Experimental study on cell damage of ischemic liver in obstructive jaundiced rats].

The hepatic cellular damage induced by liver ischemia was investigated in rats with obstructive jaundice. Hepatic tissue blood flow in obstructive jaundice was decreased in the relation to the duration of jaundice. The value of lipid peroxide and cathepsin D activity of the hepatic tissue increased in the obstructive jaundice. Therefore, it was suggested that cell membrane and lysosomal membrane injury were induced in obstructive jaundice. The value of lipid peroxide of hepatic tissue in obstructive jaundice was more increased after partial liver ischemia. The survival rate following hepatic ischemia in jaundiced rats was remarkably lower than that of normal rats, and also it related to the duration of jaundice. In addition, histological changes of the liver after partial ischemia are severe in obstructive jaundiced liver. These data suggest that more remarkable hepatic cellular damage than in normal liver may be induced by liver ischemia in obstructive jaundice.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Inhibition of hepatic DNA synthesis after partial hepatectomy in the rats with obstructive jaundice with special reference to the enhancement of hepatic protein synthesis].

We studied the liver regeneration after partial (68%) hepatectomy in rats with obstructive jaundice followed by the relief of obstruction. Rats received bile duct ligation, then 5 or 14 days later choledocho-duodenostomy was performed. Partial hepatectomy was done at various intervals after the relief of obstruction. DNA synthesis of the regenerating liver, hepatic protein synthesis and mitochondrial swelling induced by exogenous phospholipase A2 (PLA2) were determined. Hepatic DNA synthesis was significantly inhibited in obstructive jaundiced rats compared to controls. While the inhibition disappeared 5 days after the relief of obstruction in 5-day-obstructed group, it was still detectable as late as 21 days after the drainage in 14-day-obstructed group. Hepatic protein synthesis was markedly increased by obstructive jaundice, and this increase continued until 10 days after drainage in 14-day-obstructed group. Partial hepatectomy also increased the hepatic protein synthesis significantly in normal rats, but failed to show any significant changes in obstructive jaundiced rats. Any difference could not be found in PLA2-induced hepatic mitochondrial swelling between obstructive jaundiced rats and normal rats. We concluded the preceding energy-requiring responses in obstructive jaundiced liver resulted in the reduction of hepatic DNA synthesis and in the lack of additional increase of hepatic protein synthesis as the responses to a further insult of partial hepatectomy.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Surgical results of pulmonary thromboendarterectomy for chronic pulmonary thromboembolism].

Chronic pulmonary thromboembolism may produce severe respiratory insufficiency and progressive pulmonary hypertension resulting in an intractable right ventricular failure. Although the pathogenesis of this syndrome has not been completely understood, medical treatment usually has little effect and only surgery can be a life saving remedy. Since 1986, seven patients with this syndrome have had pulmonary thromboendarterectomy at the First Department of Surgery, Chiba University Medical Center. Surgery is indicated mainly for patients who present with a mean pulmonary arterial pressure greater than 30 mmHg. All procedures were performed through a unilateral thoracotomy with a cardiopulmonary bypass on stand-by use. Two patients (#1 and #6) needed bilateral surgery which was carried out in two stages, in the remainder only a right side being operated on. When a major pulmonary artery was clamped, the systolic pulmonary arterial pressure rose to equalize or even exceeded that of systemic artery, however since no further hemodynamic deterioration was observed, cardiopulmonary bypass was not used in any case. Although the key feature of this procedure is commonly said to establish an exact cleavage plane between thrombus and arterial wall, it can be carried out without difficulty through thoracotomy approach. Grasping the thrombus, blunt dissection is further proceeded until the entire thrombotic material comes free as a cast of the vessels. All patients survived the operation without major complications including severe reperfusion pulmonary edema. Postoperative catheterization, performed one month following surgery, demonstrated a marked reduction of pulmonary arterial pressure with significantly reduced pulmonary arterial resistance (PAR).

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Relation of hepatic protein synthesis and hepatic functional mass in obstructive jaundiced rats].

In obstructive jaundiced rat, the change of hepatic functional mass assessed by [14C]-aminopyrine breath test (ABT) and galactose tolerance test (GaTT) and hepatic protein synthesis measured by [14C]-leucine incorporation into hepatic protein fraction were investigated. Bile duct ligation (BDL) for 5 and 14 days was followed by choledocho-duodenal fistula as the relief of obstruction. Hepatic functional mass measured by ABT and GaTT revealed a remarkable decrease at 5 and 14 days after BDL without differences in grades. These depressed values returned to the preoperative ones in 10 to 20 days after the relief of obstruction. On the contrary, hepatic protein synthesis was reciprocally enhanced after BDL. After the relief of obstruction the enhancement of hepatic protein synthesis was prolonged and then returned to the normal level in 20 days. These data suggested that in obstructive jaundice hepatic protein synthesis was stimulated by several stress and continued to be enhanced even after the relief of obstruction. These enhancement of hepatic protein synthesis would induce to decrease hepatic functional mass.

Aminopyrine↗
PubMed1991

[Preoperative radiotherapy in rectal carcinoma. 2. The effect of irradiation on lymph node involvement].

A total of 38 cases of advanced rectal cancer (non-radiation group; 25 cases, radiation group; 13 cases) was studied in order to clarify the effect of preoperative radiation therapy (42.6 Gy) on lymph node metastases in rectal carcinoma. In all cases, microcarbon was submucosally injected into the rectal wall the day before operation in order to increase the number of removable lymph nodes from resected specimens as many as possible. By this method, the number of lymph nodes detected per specimen increased from 40 to 60. The incidence of lymph node metastases was 38.5% in radiation group and 64.0% in non-radiation group. The mean number of lymph nodes with metastases was 8.6 in non-radiation group, however, 2.8 in radiation group. With regard to the relationship between size and number of positive lymph nodes, especially in small lymph nodes measuring less than 3 mm, the incidence of metastases was 6.4% in non-radiation group, whereas 0% in radiation group. As a result, it was evident that preoperative radiation therapy in rectal cancer would reduce the number of positive lymph nodes significantly and the effect of radiation was prominent in small lymph nodes.

Charcoal↗
PubMed1991

[Clinicopathological study on rectal cancer after sphincter-saving operation in conjunction with preoperative radiation therapy].

In an attempt to clarify the effect of preoperative radiation on rectal cancer after sphincter-saving resection, radiation group (10 cases) and non-radiation group (22 cases) were studied clinicopathologically. A rate of local recurrence was 36.4% and 10.0% in radiation and non-radiation group, respectively. In cumulative 5-year-survival, non-radiation group showed 70.7%, however, all cases were alive in radiation group. Histological examination demonstrated that such factors predictive of local recurrence as depth of invasion a2, ew (distance between tumor invasion and surgical surface) less than 2 mm, have reduced in radiation group. As a result, it was shown that irradiation had an effect of lowering local recurrences even in cases with high risk factors of local recurrence prescribed above. On the contrary, AW (distance between tumor invasion and anal stump) and frequency of lymph node metastasis had no association with local recurrence, and have not changed favorably even after irradiation. It was also thought to be important to avoid radiation colitis as carefully as possible in radiation therapy for rectal cancer.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1990

A chronic contained rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm complicated with severe back pain.

Chronic contained rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm is an uncommon occurrence with the aneurysms usually small-to-moderate in size. Diagnosis may be difficult because patients present with both atypical and chronic symptoms. Pressure erosion of the lumbar spine is presumably a highly significant associated disorder, but an enhanced computed tomographic scan is the most reliable method for the correct diagnosis. We report on a 46-year-old man who developed severe back pain which was initially thought to result from spinal disease. Retrospective review of computed tomographic scans taken two years before admission revealed the beginning of the leakage of the aneurysm. Remarkably, the patient remained stable two years after the rupture.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1990

[Feasibility and radicality of PEP-chemoradiation therapy in oral squamous cell carcinoma].

From 1981 to 1987, 26 patients with oral malignancies, previously untreated squamous cell carcinomas, were treated by chemoradiation therapy, which consisted of Linac irradiation (2 Gy/d) under continuous intraarterial administration of 1.6 mg/d peplomycin (PEP). Twenty of these 26 patients did not undergo resection of the primary sites during initial hospitalization. Radicality of the PEP chemoradiation therapy was assessed after a long-term follow-up. Patients of Stage I to IV numbered 4, 7, 1 and 8, respectively. Total dosage was 60 Gy of Linac irradiation under 80-110 mg infusion of PEP. Overall CR rate and actuarial 5-year-survival rate were 75% and 63%, respectively, while these rates were 92% and 83%, respectively, for the Stage I to III cases, but 50% and 29%, respectively, for the Stage IV patients. Actuarial 5-year-survival rate of the CR Stage I to III cases was 91%, significantly higher than that of Stage IV cases (66%). We conclude the following: (1) This treatment is not indicative for patients with only a limited evaluation of PR available in the early stage of the therapeutic course. (2) Limited or uncertain response might occur in Stage IV cases. (3) The prognosis for the great majority of Stage I to III patients, however, is excellent.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clinicopathological significance of intrahepatic micrometastases in hepatic metastatic carcinomas].

The micrometastases confirmed only by microscopic examination were investigated in resected liver specimen of hepatic metastatic carcinomas. Twenty three hepatic metastases from gastrointestinal carcinomas were subjected. The micrometastases defined as histologically discontinuous from macroscopic metastatic nodules and less than 1mm in diameter, were found in 8 cases (34.8%). These were 0.2 to 1.0mm (0.52 +/- 0.35, mean +/- SD) in diameter, 1 to 19 (4.1 +/- 6.0) in number and were 2.0 to 29.0 mm distant from the macroscopic metastatic nodules. Histological localization of these metastases were in portal vein in most of cases and rarely in sinusoidal space and hepatic vein. These results suggest that the surgical margin in hepatectomy for hepatic metastases is required more than 3 cm from the tumor and therefore wedge resection is not suitable for the choice of the operative procedure for hepatic metastases because of unsatisfactory surgical margin.

Gastrointestinal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical results of intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion combined with surgery in patients with peritoneal recurrence from gastric cancer].

Six patients with peritoneal recurrence after radical operation for gastric cancer were treated by an intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion (IPHP) combined with surgery (IPHP group). Immediately after surgery, a 2-hour IPHP was performed, using a perfusate containing 10 micrograms/ml of MMC, warmed at the inflow temperature of 46.5 +/- 1.1 degree C. Within the same period of time, 5 patients with intra-abdominal recurrent gastric cancer (control group) were treated by an intraperitoneal administration of MMC 10 mg combined with surgery. These 11 patients had malignant peritoneal effusion and, although in 3 of the control group, ascitic effusion did re-accumulate rapidly soon after surgery, the 6 patients of IPHP group did not re-accumulate post-hyperthermically. The average survival duration of IPHP group is 13.6 +/- 10. 6 months, whereas that for controls is 3.0 +/- 2.1 months. Again, the survival rate for IPHP group surpassed that for controls at p = 0.012 and p = 0.008, in a generalized Wilcoxon method and Logrank method, respectively. Post-hyperthermically, hypoproteinemia and thrombocytopenia occurred transitorily. These results show that IPHP using MMC combined with surgery is a safe, reliable treatment for patients with peritoneal recurrence due to gastric cancer.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical evaluation of recurrent patterns of gastric cancer after intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion].

The patterns of recurrence and the prognosis of 24 gastric cancer patients with peritoneal seeding and/or serosal invasion, who underwent gastrectomy followed by intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion (IPHP), were studied in comparison with 23 gastric cancer patients given surgery alone (controls). With respect to 22 patients with peritoneal seeding, all of 8 patients in the control group died of re-accumulation of ascitic effusion, whereas of 14 patients in the IPHP group, 3 died of peritoneal recurrence, 2 of intraperitoneal tumors, 1 from pleural metastasis, and 1 of liver metastasis. The remaining 7 cases are alive without a sign of recurrence. Again, with respect to 25 patients with large serosal penetration of cancer, 7 of 15 patients in the controls died of peritoneal recurrence, whereas this was never observed in the IPHP group. As to the relation of histology and prognosis, while the poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and signet ring cell carcinoma had poor prognosis in the controls, the same patterns in the IPHP group proved not to be so unfavorable. Since a few given IPHP resulted in hepatic metastasis and/or nodal involvement, adjuvant treatment will be required. The survival rate for the IPHP group was significantly better at p = 3.43 x 10(-2) than in controls.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical effect of intraperitoneal hyperthermochemotherapy on the survival rate for advanced gastric cancer patients].

Intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion (IPHP) was performed right after surgery for 31 advanced gastric cancer patients with serosal invasion and/or peritoneal dissemination. The survival rate in the IPHP group, was compared with that in the control group, 30 patients who underwent surgery alone within the same period of time. The 1-year survival rates for IPHP group and control group were 81.9% and 40.3%, respectively. The 2-year survival rates were 52.1% and 11.8%, and the 3-year survival rates were 26.1% and 0%, respectively. The survival rate for IPHP group was better than that for control group, with p = 1.46 x 10(-4). IPHP and control group with peritoneal dissemination included 21 and 9 patients respectively, and 50% survival rates were 18 months and 4.2 months, respectively. IPHP and control group with serosal invasion included 10 and 21 patients, respectively, and 8 out of 10 patients survived in the IPHP group, while 17 out of 21 patients died in the control group. These results suggest that IPHP is effective for gastric cancer patients with peritoneal dissemination and/or serosal invasion.

Aged↗