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Biomedical subjects

K Okajima

Publications and source records attributed to K Okajima.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

A screening method for dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency with colorimetric detection of urinary uracil.

Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency has a neurological involvement as a common symptom among reported cases. No major symptom except that exists for DHPDH deficiency. On the other hand, relationship between neurological involvement and metabolic disorder is still obscure. For the purpose of looking for more patients with DHPDH deficiency, a screening method for DHPDH deficiency is introduced. Urinary uracil was determined colorimetrically. This method is not so complicated and less time consuming as previous method such as liquid chromatography. With this method, it is possible to detect about 1 mmol/l (12 mg/dl) of uracil, which is sensitive enough for the screening for DHPDH deficiency. Interfering substance in urine were negligible. Addition of albumin to normal urine dose not affect the result but proteinuria results in false positive. The urine from 83 epileptic children were screened with this method, but no patients were found.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Characterization of the fibrinolytic state by measuring stable cross-linked fibrin degradation products in disseminated intravascular coagulation associated with acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Plasma samples from patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) associated with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) exhibited higher levels of the D-fragment of fibrin and fibrinogen degradation products [FDP(D)], with relatively lower levels of cross-linked fibrin degradation products (XDP), than samples of DIC with non-APL. The difference between FDP(D) and XDP levels increased only when alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor (alpha 2-PI) fell below 60% of the normal level in APL patients. These findings suggest that fibrinogenolysis occurs in APL patients when the alpha 2-PI level has decreased significantly.

Cross-Linking Reagents↗
PubMed1989

Progressing ischemic stroke in a homozygote with variant antithrombin III.

A 31-year-old woman developed disturbance of consciousness and left hemiparesis. Cerebral computed tomograms showed a low-density area in the right temporal lobe that extended to the right parietal and left frontal lobes as her clinical symptoms worsened. The diagnosis of familial variant of antithrombin III (AT-III) was based on decreased biologic activity and a normal immunologic level of AT-III in this patient and in her family members. Transfusion of normal AT-III concentrate led to a striking clinical recovery. Blood coagulation studies revealed that nine of 13 family members had decreased biologic AT-III activity and that the patient herself was the only homozygote with variant AT-III. We conclude that variant AT-III, especially in a homozygote, seems to be one cause of ischemic stroke in young adults and that simultaneous measurement of both the biologic and immunologic activities of AT-III is necessary to detect it.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Neonatal brain abscess with intracystic hemorrhage--case report.

The authors describe the case of an 11-day-old boy with high fever and signs of meningeal irritation in whom computed tomography demonstrated a large brain abscess with intracystic hemorrhage in the right temporal lobe. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis indicated purulent meningitis caused by Escherichia coli. After aspiration of the abscess contents, the entire ventricular system gradually enlarged. Despite repeated ventricular drainage and ventriculoperitoneal shunting, the lateral horn of the left lateral ventricle remained dilated. The isolation of the lateral ventricle may have resulted from septation due to the inflammatory reaction. This fluid was also shunted to the peritoneal cavity.

Brain Abscess↗
PubMed1989

[A case of advanced gastric cancer with Virchow's node metastasis, responding to concomitant plasma exchange and immunochemotherapy].

We report a case of advanced gastric cancer with Virchow's node metastasis which responded to concomitant plasma exchange and immunochemotherapy. Plasma exchange was conducted three times in total (once a week) using a membrane type plasma separator, with fresh frozen plasma as exchange fluid. Immunochemotherapy was performed simultaneously using MMC, FT and OK-432. By the end of the third plasma exchange, Virchow's node was confirmed by palpation and ultrasonic examination to have vanished. Diminution of the gastric cancer, and improvement of stenosis of the stomach were confirmed under endoscopy. We surmised that plasma exchange eliminated the immunosuppressive substances in serum, and intensified the anticancer effects of MMC and FT, resulting in the disappearance of the Virchow's node and diminution of the gastric cancer itself.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma].

In 24 cases of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, we performed hepatic arterial catheterization and intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy. Adriamycin (ADM), Mitomycin C (MMC), 5-FU and Lipiodol (LPD) were administered an average of 13.5 times over a mean period of 106 days. Except for 5 unevaluable cases, there were 0 CR, 5 PR, 4 MR, 7 NC and 2 PD cases, for an efficiency rate of 27.8%. Complications thought to be due to the catheter included catheter blockade in 1 case (4.3%) and dermal infection of insertion site in 3 cases (13.0%). As for the results of follow-up study, one-year survival rate with this therapy was 47.8%, which compares favorably with a one-year survival rate of 30.0% in 30 cases treated only with TAE. From the above results, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy can be repeatedly performed on an outpatient basis, and it is considered to be a useful therapeutic method for treating unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[The indication for lymph node dissection around abdominal aorta in gastric cancer].

In 77 cases with gastric cancer, for which lymph node dissection around the left renal vein was performed in the past 5 years, the sites and routes of metastasis were investigated to determine the indication for dissection around the left renal vein. The rate of metastasis to the lymph nodes around the left renal vein was 23.4%. The typical routes of metastasis were 1) the left lower phrenic route, 2) via the splenic artery, 3) via the celiac artery, 4) via the superior mesenteric artery and 5) the postpancreatic route. Dissection was considered to be indicated for the patient with N2 or more distant lymph node involvement and for cases with carcinoma of the upper part of the stomach or whole stomach with N2 positive lymph node. It was also indicated for N3(+) cases or No. 9(+) cases of carcinoma of the middle and lower parts of the stomach. Needless to say the absence of other non curative factors is required.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical significance of measurement of nuclear DNA content in breast cancer].

Nuclear DNA content measured by a cytofluorometric method was investigated to evaluate its clinical significance in 73 cases with breast cancer which had extended radical mastectomy. Many cases of D type (diploid type) which had a prominent peak at the 2c region (control DNA content of lymphocytes) were safe indications for modified radical mastectomy. Bone recurrence was significantly more frequent in D type than in N type (non-diploid type) which did not have a prominent peak at the 2c region. Because D type had high positive rate of hormone receptors, endocrine therapy might be effective for many cases. Local or lung recurrence was more common in cases with N type which had a significant low cumulative survival rate compared with D type and especially N type 4c-3 of which over 4c cells more than 30% had the poorest prognosis. Therefore, multidisciplinary treatment composed of extended operation, radiation and chemotherapy was necessary to improve the prognosis of breast cancer patients with N type 4c-3. It was concluded that the measurement of nuclear DNA content in breast cancer might be useful for decision of therapy suitable for each case based on malignancy grading.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical study on the serum carcinoembryonic antigen, immunosuppressive acidic protein and C-reactive protein levels in patients with adult T cell leukemia].

Serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured in patients with adult T cell leukemia (ATL) in order to clarify their significance in this disease. Mean (+/- SD) serum CEA levels in 11 patients with acute ATL (3.1 +/- 1.3 ng/ml) and 7 patients with smoldering ATL (3.1 +/- 0.5 ng/ml) were significantly higher than in sera of 222 healthy controls (2.4 +/- 1.3 ng/ml). However, the levels in 7 patients with chronic ATL and healthy controls showed no differences. On the other hand, mean (+/- SD) serum IAP levels in patients with acute ATL (928 +/- 395 micrograms/ml), chronic ATL (487 +/- 125 micrograms/ml) and smoldering ATL (429 +/- 90 micrograms/ml) were significantly higher than in sera of healthy controls (359 +/- 103 micrograms/ml). However, the levels in patients with smoldering ATL and healthy controls showed no differences. Serum IAP levels in crisis in chronic and smoldering ATL were similar to those in patients with acute ATL. 85% of ATL patients with IAP levels above 500 micrograms/ml had CRP levels above 1+. Serum CEA, IAP and CRP levels were serially measured in a number of patients. Serum IAP and CRP levels reflected each patient's clinical course more than serum CEA levels. Overall the simultaneous measurements of serum CEA, IAP and CRP levels revealed a potential usefulness for determination of ATL subtype, and serum IAP and CRP levels may provide a way to evaluate the effectiveness of chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Role of protein C in endotoxin-induced release of plasminogen activator inhibitor from endothelial cell].

To elucidate the role of protein C (PC) in the release of plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) from endothelial cells, the effect of PC and activated protein C (APC) on plasma levels of PAI in endotoxin (ET)-treated rats was examined. When activated by snake venom, human PC significantly prolonged the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) of both human and rat plasma samples. Addition of APC also prolonged the APTT of both human and rat plasma samples. PAI activity in plasma from septicemic patients and ET-treated rats was neutralized by APC. A small dose of ET (0.1 microgram/kg) gradually increased plasma PAI activity, which became maximum 3h after ET-treatment. APC administered prior to ET-treatment, PC decreased PAI activity, however, no such inhibition was seen when administered after ET-treatment. A significant negative correlation between PC concentrations and PAI activities was observed in plasma from septicemic patients. These findings indicated that activation of PC on endothelial surface plays a regulatory role in releasing PAI and that endotoxin might inhibit the surface activation of PC.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Immunohistochemical distribution of S-100 protein in tumors and tumor-like lesions of bone and cartilage.

Various tumors and tumor-like lesions of bone and cartilage were examined for S-100 protein using the avidine-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) immunostaining method. The most intense reactivity for S-100 protein was found in well-differentiated chondrocytes of enchondromas, osteochondromas and chondrosarcomas, and in normal epiphyseal cartilage. S-100 protein was positive in both polygonal stromal cells and chondrocytes of chondroblastomas and in chondrocytes of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. In osteosarcomas not only chondroblastic areas but also osteoblastic areas showed positive cells. Reticulum histiocytic cells of eosinophilic granulomas and chordoma cells were positive for S-100 protein. The study yielded three main conclusions: (1) S-100 protein could be the marker for tumors of cartilaginous origin and differentiation, notochord origin, and T-zone histiocyte origin; (2) chondroblastoma can be distinguished from other histologically confusing giant cell lesions by using ABC to detect S-100 protein; and (3) S-100 protein has some relationship with tumoral calcification not only in cartilaginous tumors but also in osteosarcoma.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1988

[Cooperative study of postoperative long-term adjuvant therapy of breast cancer. First study of a series--comparative study between postoperative tegafur administration and no adjuvant chemotherapy].

A prospective randomized study was performed in 22 institutions from July 1978, to evaluate the efficiency of long-term adjuvant chemotherapy with tegafur alone for primary breast cancer. Five hundred and eighty-seven eligible patients, classified into T1a, T2a, T3a, N0, N1a, N1b, and M0 were divided into two groups: Group A, radical mastectomy receiving no adjuvant chemotherapy; and Group B, radical mastectomy followed by 4 courses of adjuvant chemotherapy, each one consisting of daily administration of tegafur 600 mg p.o. for 8 weeks and 4 weeks rest. At the 66th month of median follow up time, there were no differences between the two groups on 5 year cumulative survival and disease free survival rate. In subgroup patients who have histologically 1-3 axillary involvements, there seemed to be a more meaningful prolongation of the disease-free interval in group B than in group A (logrank test; p = 0.11 generalized Wilcoxon test; p = 0.13).

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗