Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Okada

Publications and source records attributed to K Okada.

At least 1,153 records · Page 64Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Cognitive function, cerebral blood flow and brain atrophy in olivo-ponto-cerebellar atrophy].

UNLABELLED: Eighteen cases of OPCA (9 males and 9 females, age 39-70, mean 57.8 +/- 8.1 years). Mean duration of illness was 65.7 +/- 36 months. Age-matched controls for Brain-CT were 34 cases (13 males and 21 females) (age 39-70, mean 56.8 +/- 9.4 years), in which CT was examined because of functional disorders, and 50 healthy volunteers (25 males and 25 females) (age 36-72, mean 56.6 +/- 7.9 years) for regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and mental function. Brain Atrophy Index (BAI) and Ventricular Atrophy Index (VAI) were calculated by digitizer (PCPAD) on CT films in the slice of lateral ventricle level, basal ganglia level and cerebello-pontine level. There were 10 patients of OPCA who examined CT prior to this study. Interval of the two examinations was 21-76 months, mean 53 months. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) were measured by 133 Xe inhalation methods. Intelligence were evaluated with Okabe's Intelligence Scale (Shortened and modified Wechsler's Memory Scale for Japanese Aged) and Kohs' Block Design Test. Depressive state was evaluated with Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). RESULTS: 1) Cerebello-pontine atrophy was significantly prominent but no cerebral atrophy was observed in OPCA. 2) The rCBF was mildly but significantly reduced in OPCA. 3) Performance and verbal intelligence were significantly low in OPCA. 4) OPCA patients showed significant depressive state. 5) Grade of ADL did not show significant participation in the rCBF, intelligence and depressive state. 6) There was no significant correlation between duration of illness and rCBF or mental functions. 7) Cerebello-pontine atrophy significantly progressed in OPCA patients followed-up.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Statistical studies on bacteria isolated from urinary tract infections(report 5)].

We examined bacteria isolated from urine of patients in our urological department from 1985 through 1987. A total of 2,566 strains were isolated from outpatients. They were 834 strains of gram-positive coccus (32.5%). E. coli (20.8%) was isolated most frequently, followed by Proteus sp. (12.6%), Enterococcus (9.6%), P. aeruginosa (6.7%), S. epidermidis (5.5%), and K. pneumoniae (3.7%) and others. A total of 784 strains were isolated from inpatients. They were 313 strains of gram-positive coccus (39.9%). Enterococcus (22.6%) was isolated most frequently, followed by P. aeruginosa (10.1%), S. marcescens (9.7%), E. coli (8.2%), S. epidermidis (7.9%), and K. pneumoniae (4.3%) and others. Gram-positive bacterium occupied a larger proportion of the total-isolates from both outpatients and inpatients, than in our previous examination. Fewer P. aeruginosa and Enterococcus were isolated from outpatients, and fewer P. aeruginosa from inpatients than previously. More S. marcescens were isolated from inpatients than previously. S. marcescens, E. cloacae, C. freundii, S. epidermidis, and S. aureus all isolated from outpatients showed a higher sensitivity to all drugs we tested than those isolated from inpatients.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1990

[Changes in myocardial energy charge following cardiac arrest and subsequent resuscitation].

Cardiac resuscitation becomes more difficult as time of arrest is prolonged. This study was designed to investigate changes in energy charge (EC) during cardiac arrest and subsequent resuscitation periods. The experiment was divided into 2 parts. In the first part, 36 rats were divided into 6 groups. Control rats were anesthetized only with pentobarbital and the heart was extirpated. In other rats, an acute exsanguination was carried out until mean arterial pressure (MAP) fell to 0, and then the rats were divided into 5 groups according to the time of extirpation following the cardiac arrest: 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes, respectively. The extirpated hearts were rapidly frozen with liquid nitrogen. ATP, ADP and AMP were enzymatically measured and EC was calculated. ECG was monitored to ascertain complete electrical arrest. Disappearance of ECG activity was observed about 9 minutes after MAP reaching zero. In the second part; 36 rats were also divided into 6 groups. After the same manipulation as in the first part, the extirpated heart was perfused for 30 minutes using Langendorff method and both cardiac function (LVP, LV dp/dt and HR) and EC were investigated. Total adenine nucleotide (TAN) was already diminished at 1 minute and decreased progressively. On the contrary, EC was well maintained around control level until ECG activity disappeared completely, and an abrupt decrease in EC occurred after electrical arrest. When the heart was perfused about 30 minutes, EC recovered almost to the control level in the groups in which perfusion was started within 10 minutes, but its recovery was incomplete in the groups in which perfusion was begun after 10 minutes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Usefulness and limitation of clinical electroencephalography: from the clinical standpoint].

An electroencephalogram (EEG), is a visible record of the amplified electrical activity generated by the nerve cells of the brain. EEG has produced an abundance of useful information, though it shows only the activity of the immediately underlying cortex. From the beginning in the areas of convulsive disorder and tumor localization, electroencephalography has expanded to become useful not only in many organic brain disorders but also in many extracerebral conditions influencing the central nervous system (ie, metabolic, endocrine, and toxic). It has also shown some usefulness in sleep disorders. Sleep studies on humans are usually performed by using a polygraph to record three types of data: the EEG, the electrooculography (EOG), and the electromyogram (EMG). The EEG is the core measurement of polysomnography. Polysomnography is generally performed in diagnosing a variety of sleep disorders. Other measures used in polysomnography include: 1) Anterior tibialis EMG, 2) Nasal and oral flow, 3) Blood oxygen saturation, 4) Chest and abdominal movement, and 5) Electrocardiogram (EKG). Also different electronic apparatus and equipment for simultaneous and long-lasting observation and recording of varied physiological phenomena and behavioral manifestations (ie, video-electroencephalography with telemetry, topography, power spectrum) were used. However unless electroencephalography is organized and related to medicine and biology much of it will be disregarded and forgotten.

Brain↗
PubMed1990

Increased external carotid artery blood flow in headache patients induced by cilostazol. Preliminary communication.

Cilostazol (6-[4-(1-cyclohexyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)butoxy]-3,4-dihydro-2 (1H)-quinolinone, OPC-13013) is an anti-platelet aggregating and vasodilating drug. But cilostazol is known to have a tendency to cause headache, which is thought to be due to the dilatation of the external carotid artery. In the present study the effect of cilostazol on the blood flow in the carotid arteries was established by the Doppler ultrasound technique. Twelve patients with cerebral infarction (mean age 66.3 years) were divided into two groups consisting of 9 patients (Group 1) who did not have headache during treatment with cilostazol and 3 patients (Group II) who complained of headache. The systolic peak frequency (PEAK) of the common and external carotid arteries was measured using a Doppler ultrasound device. The PEAK of the common and external carotid arteries were examined before and 4 weeks after oral administration of 200 mg/d, 100 mg twice a day, cilostazol. In Group I, the PEAK in bilateral common carotid arteries increased significantly after treatment with cilostazol, but the PEAK in bilateral external carotid arteries showed no significant change. In Group II, the PEAK in both common carotid arteries showed no significant change after treatment with cilostazol, but the PEAK in the right external carotid artery increased significantly.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical study on norfloxacin in children].

Norfloxacin (NFLX, AM-715), a new synthetic antibacterial agent, was administered to 18 child patients with infectious diseases. The patients included 5 boys and 13 girls from 3 to 14 years of ages. They were given orally dosage ranging 5.2-17.9 mg/kg/day for 4 to 14 days. Clinical efficacies were excellent in 1 case, good in 16 cases, unknown in 1 case, hence the total efficacy rate was determined to be 100%. There were no cases which showed side effects of the drug and no abnormal laboratory test values were observed during the treatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

[An association of Shy-Drager syndrome with moyamoya disease--a case report].

A 58-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of orthostatic syncope, and difficulty in urination and walking for 2 years. At age 35, she suffered from cerebral hemorrhage and was diagnosed as Moyamoya disease (MD). Neurological examination on admission revealed severe orthostatic syncope so that she could not stand. At that time, her blood pressure and heart rate were 104/74 mmHg and 78/min in supine position and 52/48 mmHg and 52/min in 60 degrees head-up position. She also had severe pollakisuria, cerebellar ataxia and dysarthria. Cranial nerves, motor strength and deep reflexes were normal. ECG, chest X-ray, and EEG were normal. Aschner, Czermak, and cold pressor tests revealed no response. Urodynamic study revealed autonomic bladder. MRI showed only enlarged fourth ventricle because of atrophy of the pons. Bilateral CAG revealed "Moyamoya" vessels in the cerebral basal regions. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured by 133Xe inhalation method. Mean arterial blood pressure changed from 134 mmHg to 126 mmHg in 45 degrees head-up tilting and CBF decreased from 47.5 mg/100 g/min to 37 ml/100 g/min position. Though there was no relationship between SDS and MD, each one shows dysautoregulation of CBF, it is supposed that a severe orthostatic syncope attack was resulted from synergism of both effects.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMed1990

[A metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma successfully treated with chemotherapy].

A 68-year-old man referred to the hospital because of a swelling of his bilateral cervical, left supraclavicular, and left axillary lymph nodes, and an ulcerated tumor in the right palatine tonsil. Three years previously, he had undergone a local excision in the left forearm of a skin tumor that had been pathologically diagnosed as a Merkel cell tumor. CT scan demonstrated an abdominal mass and his serum neurospecific-enolase (NSE) was found to be 20.3 ng/ml. Following biopsies of the lymph nodes and the tumor in the right tonsil, a metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma was diagnosed. Systemic chemotherapy thus was begun with doses of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and vincristine. After three cycles were completed, tumor were no longer present and his NSE returned to normal. Three months after the discontinuance of chemotherapy, he remains disease-free.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Effects of an antithrombotic agent (MD-805) on progressing cerebral thrombosis.

The effects of the newly developed synthetic selective antithrombin agent MD-805 were examined in 11 patients with progressing cerebral thrombosis, as an open trial. Nine (82%) of 11 patients improved after 1 week of intravenous drip infusion. No hemorrhagic complications were observed during the therapy. These results suggest that MD-805 is a safe and effective agent for treatment of progressing cerebral thrombosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Case-control study of prostatic cancer in Kyoto, Japan: demographic and some lifestyle risk factors.

Demographic risk factors for prostatic cancer were examined in a case-control study of 100 triplets of prostatic cancer patients and age-, hospital-, and admission date-matched control series of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients and general hospital patients. A higher risk of prostatic cancer was associated with the following factors: 1) long-term occupation in transport or communication (relative risk [RR] = 4.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18-20.5) as compared with hospital controls; 2) the wife having a lower educational level (RR = 1.88, 95%CI: 1.02-3.45) as compared with hospital controls; 3) no past episode of hypertension as compared with BPH controls (RR = 2.30, 95%CI: 1.27-4.15); 4) having several sisters (more than four) as compared with both BPH and hospital controls (RR = 3.82, 95%CI: 1.35-10.8 and RR = 2.94, 95%CI: 1.08-8.03 respectively); 5) dense body hair as compared with hospital controls (RR = 4.28, 95%CI: 1.19-15.4). No significant links were found with blood type, daily drug use, head hair, skin color, body type, smoking habits, religion, body weight, and mental characteristics.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Mutational analysis of pistil structure and development of Arabidopsis thaliana.

The developmental and morphogenetic process of pistil formation was examined by analysing flowers of wild type and six flower mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana, a small crucifer. The wild type is suggested to originate from two 'pistil-forming units' (carpels) arranged laterally against the axis of the inflorescence at a pistil primordium. Aberrant structures of the pistils of mutants indicate that a set of genes regulate each step of pistil development and morphogenesis, namely arrangement of the units at the pistil primordia, fusion of the units, growth of primordia, formation of the septum in the ovary, and formation of the stigma.

Brassica↗
PubMed1989

Evaluation of the pleural malignant mesothelioma patients with the relation of asbestos exposure.

There has been a recent increase in the number of patients with malignant mesothelioma in parts of Japan where Naval shipyards were located during World War II. This can be attributed to asbestos exposure during work in the shipyard. We have studied eight patients who were seen between 1984 and 1986 in Kure Kyosai Hospital. All had a history of asbestos exposure, seven in a Naval shipyard. In these seven cases, the latent period between exposure and the appearance of mesothelioma was 43-49 years. Quantification of asbestos bodies in the lung indicated a high concentration in all patients, giving further weight to the concept that asbestos is an etiologic factor in the genesis of mesothelioma. The major types of asbestos fibers were crocidolite and amosite. The study of structural features of these two types may provide a clue to the pathogenesis of the disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Surface quality of intraocular lenses.

We observed circular furrow-like patterns on the implanted intraocular lens surface in postoperative follow-up examination by specular microscopy. The patterns may have been deep lathe-cut marks or compression-related marks on the optics. Specular microscopy, polarized light microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy detected a similar circular mark on the optic surface of a control intraocular lens of the same model. A reconsideration of surface quality is indicated.

Aged↗