[Case report of biliary cystadenocarcinoma of the liver].
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Bile Duct Neoplasms↗
Biomedical subjects
K Ohtomo
Publications and source records attributed to K Ohtomo.
[Absorption and excretion of cefotaxime and its levels in uterine arterial blood, female internal genital organ tissue and pelvic cavity fluid (author's transl)].
Following results were obtained from intravenous single administration of cefotaxime 2 g by measuring its levels in uterine arterial blood, elbow venous blood, ovary, oviduct, several sites in uterine tissue, and in the fluid excreted in the dead space formed by radical hysterectomy. (1) Uterine artery and elbow vein blood levels revealed marked increase immediately after administration followed by gradual reduction at slow rate. (2) Peak levels in female internal genital organ tissue were achieved 12 approximately 19 minutes after cefotaxime administration, and ranged between 5 to 8 mcg/g independently from measurement site. In cervix uteri, portio vaginalis high concentration of 4.9 approximately 5.7 mcg/g was achieved within ten minutes after drug administration. (3) In the fluid excreted in the dead space formed by radical hysterectomy cefotaxime levels were maintained around 15 mcg/ml level throughout 5 approximately 6 hours following its administration, and gradually decreased at slow rate later.
Cefotaxime↗
[CT diagnosis of venous extension renal tumors (author's transl)].
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Aged↗
Studies on silk fibroin of Bombyx mori. I. Fractionation of fibroin prepared from the posterior silk gland.
1. Fractionation of fibroin prepared from the posterior silk glands of Bombyx mori was carried out. After carboxymethylation of the fibroin, it was fractionated by ammonium sulfate precipitation, Sephadex G-200 gel filtration and DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. 2. The fibroin was composed of at least two protein groups of large molecular size and three or four components of small molecular size, and, in addition, a mixture of proteins ranging in size from about 25,000 to more than 100,000 daltons with almost the same amino acid compositions. 3. The latter proteins contained about 48% glycine, 32% alanine, 11% serine, 4.5% tyrosine, 2% valine, and other minor amino acids. The sum of these main five amino acids accounts for more than 97% of the total amino acid residues of the proteins. 4. The present results indicate major heterogeneity in the molecular size of posterior silk gland fibroin, and, in addition, suggest the possibility of repeating sequences with relatively simple amino acid compositions in major peptide chains of fibroin.
Amino Acids↗
Adrenal tissue characterization with 0.5-T MR imaging: value of T2*-weighted images.
The authors investigated the value of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging at 0.5 T for distinguishing adrenal adenomas from adrenal metastases. The series included 23 adrenal adenomas (18 nonhyperfunctioning, five hyperfunctioning) and 23 adrenal metastases from various organs. Adrenal tumor-liver signal intensity ratios on T1-, T2-, and T2*-weighted images were calculated for adrenal tissue characterization. Adrenal adenomas were more precisely distinguished from adrenal metastases on T2*-weighted images (21 of 23, 91%) than on T2-weighted images (15 of 23, 65%). T1-weighted images were not useful for this distinction. In conclusion, T2*-weighted images were better than routine T2-weighted images for distinguishing adrenal adenomas from adrenal metastases. It can be postulated that the total signal intensity of adrenal adenomas, which contain some fat components, decreased on T2*-weighted images because of an out-of-phase effect.
Adenoma↗
Cystic islet cell tumors: radiologic findings in three cases.
We report three cases of cystic islet cell tumors, two caused by gastrinomas and the other by an islet cell carcinoma. All three patients underwent computed tomography (CT) and angiography and two also had magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Several common radiographic findings were present as follows: thickening of the cyst wall and irregularity of the inner surface on postcontrast CT and MR images, neovascularity and a densely staining hypervascular rim on angiography, and moderately increased signal intensity of the cyst content on T1-weighted MR images, which indicated fluid containing blood and/or necrotic tissue. These findings are helpful in defining the nature of these lesions and strongly suggest that cystic islet cell tumor should be included in the differential diagnosis.
Angiography↗
Atypical exocrine and endocrine pancreatic tumors (anaplastic, small cell, and giant cell types): CT and pathologic features in 14 patients.
BACKGROUND: Our purpose was to review a series of 14 patients with atypical exocrine and endocrine pancreatic tumors to derive characteristic computed tomographic and pathologic features that might allow better diagnosis, categorization, and management of these patients. METHODS: Medical records from several university medical centers were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: We identified three separate types of pancreatic tumors that had substantially different morphologic and prognostic features. Among these rare tumors, anaplastic carcinoma was the most common (nine of 14 cases), and these tumors were large, partly necrotic, locally invasive, and invariably metastatic (lymph nodes and/or liver) at the time of diagnosis. Three patients with poorly differentiated (small cell) carcinoma had a confluent pancreatic mass and lymphadenopathy but no ductal obstruction, closely resembling lymphoma or metastatic disease. Two patients with giant cell (osteoclastlike) carcinoma had a large, encapsulated multicystic tumor with hemorrhage, and these tumors were resectable for cure. CONCLUSION: Although a specific diagnosis may not be possible in some cases, we believe that knowledge of certain pathologic and computed tomographic features should lead to optimal diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis.
Carcinoma↗
High-resolution MR imaging evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma.
PURPOSE: To determine the utility of high-resolution MR imaging for hepatocellular carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: High-resolution MR images with a 512 matrix in a right to left frequency encoding direction were obtained in 20 consecutive patients with known or suspected hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Six series of breath-hold images of the entire liver [T1- and T2-weighted fast spin echo sequences, T1-weighted fast low-angle shot gradient echo sequence and three-phased contrast-enhanced dynamic study using the latter) were obtained using a phased-array multicoil. RESULTS: HCC was depicted in 15 patients on the MR images, and the diagnosis was confirmed at pathology in 13 and at imaging in the other two. In the remaining five patients, HCC was correctly ruled out with MR imaging. CONCLUSION: High-resolution MR imaging is a promising method in the evaluation of HCC.
Adolescent↗
Pseudotumorous enlargement of the paracaval portion of the caudate lobe: a report of two cases with CT and MR appearance.
The computed tomographic (CT) and magnetic resonance appearance of pseudotumorous enlargement of the paracaval portion (PCP) of the caudate lobe of the liver are presented in two cirrhotic patients. The enlarged PCP was hyperattenuated on precontrast CT and hyperintense on T1-weighted images. The middle and right hepatic veins were displaced around the PCP. The presence of a portal vein branch penetrating the center of the enlarged PCP was important to distinguish it from other hepatic masses in the two patients.
Adolescent↗
Magnetic resonance imaging of an angiomyolipoma of the liver.
A case of hepatic angiomyolipoma and its imaging features are presented. Computed tomography of the liver showed a low-density mass without obvious fat. T1-weighted magnetic resonance images revealed a low-signal-intensity mass containing some tiny high-signal-intensity foci. One of the high-signal-intensity foci was found by histology to represent the fat component of the tumor.
Angiomyolipoma↗
Ischemic cholangitis caused by transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization 10 months after resection of the extrahepatic bile duct.
We report a case of ischemic cholangitis that occurred after transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TAE). Ten months prior to TAE the patient had undergone central bisegmentectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma with resection of the extrahepatic bile duct. Eleven days after TAE, he developed suppurative cholangitis and multiple organ failure. Prior surgical ligation of the peribiliary arteries around the extrahepatic bile duct followed by TAE was considered to have played a crucial role in the development of ischemic cholangitis. This case demonstrates the importance of blood flow from the peribiliary arteries for the survival of the biliary epithelium.
Angiography↗
Computed tomography during arterial portography prior to transcatheter arterial therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma with marked portal extension: four case reports.
Computed tomography during arterial portography (CTAP) is acknowledge as a valuable preoperative method for the detection of small intrahepatic lesions in patients with liver neoplasm. Four patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with marked portal extension are presented. Evaluation of intrahepatic portal blood flow was achieved more accurately by CTAP than by conventional arterial portography. CTAP also plays an important role in patients with inoperable HCC, since portal extension is the most important prognostic factor of transcatheter arterial therapy.
Adult↗
Calcification of peritoneal carcinomatosis from gastric carcinoma: a CT demonstration.
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Adenocarcinoma↗
Diffuse arteriovenous malformation involving jejunum and total colon with mesenteric varices. Case report.
Diffuse intestinal arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is very rare. We describe a case of diffuse AVM involving the jejunum and the total colon in an adult. In addition, mesenteric varices without portal hypertension is demonstrated on angiography of the superior mesenteric artery. The high flow through the AVMs may be a major component in the etiology of the mesenteric varices in our case.
Aged↗
Role of insulin resistance in heart and skeletal muscle F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
BACKGROUND: Altered heart and skeletal glucose usage has been reported in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Although elevations in plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations have been implicated in reduced myocardial 18fluorine-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake (MFU), the specific role of whole-body insulin resistance in MFU in patients with NIDDM compared with skeletal muscle metabolism remains controversial. PURPOSE: MFU and skeletal muscle 18fluorine-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake (SMFU) were compared with positron emission tomography and the whole-body glucose disposal rate (GDR) during hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamping in 26 normotensive asymptomatic patients with NIDDM who were not taking medication. These factors were also compared in 12 age-matched control subjects to increase the knowledge of the influence of whole-body insulin resistance on MFU. In addition, independent factors for both SMFU and MFU were investigated. RESULTS: GDR in control subjects (10.0 +/- 2.97 mg/min per kilogram) was significantly higher than in patients with NIDDM (4.05 +/- 2.37 mg/min per kilogram, P < .01). SMFU in patients with NIDDM (0.826 +/- 0.604 mg/min per 100 g) was significantly lower than that in control subjects (1.86 +/- 1.06 mg/min per 100 g, P < .01). MFU in patients with NIDDM (5.35 +/- 2.10 mg/min per 100 g) was also significantly lower than that of control subjects (7.05 +/- 1.66 mg/min per 100 g, P = .0182). SMFU significantly correlated with GDR (r = .727, P < .01) and FFA (r = -.52, P < .01) in patients with NIDDM. MFU also correlated with GDR (r = .778, P < .01) and FFA (r = -.72, P < .01) in patients with NIDDM. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that GDR (F = 36.8) was independently related to MFU (r = .85, P < .01) whereas FFA was not (F = 1.763), where F is the value for statistical analysis of multivariate stepwise regression analysis. CONCLUSION: Insulin resistance is the most essential factor for both heart and skeletal muscle FDG uptake in patients with NIDDM.
Adult↗
Long-term effect of simvastatin on the improvement of impaired myocardial flow reserve in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia without gender variance.
BACKGROUND: Impaired myocardial flow reserve (MFR) in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) without evidence of ischemia has been reported. However, it has not been clarified whether diminished MFR in such male or female patients with FH can be reversed by simvastatin. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sixteen patients with FH and 16 age-matched control subjects were studied. All patients were proved to have no evidence of exercise stress-induced myocardial ischemia. Baseline myocardial blood flow (MBF) and MBF during dipyridamole administration (MBF [DP]) were measured with positron emission tomography and nitrogen 13 ammonia; MFR was then calculated before and 9 to 15 months after therapy with simvastatin (5-10 mg/day). Total cholesterol level was significantly higher in patients with FH (277 +/- 49.0) than in control subjects (190 +/- 14.9) but was normalized after lipid-lowering therapy (205 +/- 40.3). Baseline MBF was comparable among FH patients before (77.6 +/- 11.6 mL/min/100 g) and after therapy (74.5 +/- 9.62 mL/min/100 g) and control subjects (78.5 +/- 29.9 mL/min/100 g). However, MBF (DP) in FH patients before therapy (178 +/- 50.9 mL/min/100 g) was significantly lower than that in control subjects (282 +/- 148 mL/min/100 g) and was significantly improved after therapy (228 +/- 91.6 mL/min/100 g, P <.05). In fact, there was no statistically significant difference in the MBF (DP) value in FH patients after therapy compared with that in control subjects (P =.09). MFR significantly improved after therapy in patients with FH (3.33 +/- 1.19 vs 2.27 +/- 0.625, P <.01) and was then statistically comparable to that in control subjects (3.54 +/- 1.11). Improvement of MFR was observed whether MBF (DP) before therapy was greater than or less than 200 mL/min/100 g. MFR was improved in both male and female patients with FH. There was a significant relationship between percent change in plasma total cholesterol concentration and percent change in MFR before and after lipid-lowering therapy (r = -0.57, P <.05). CONCLUSIONS: Diminished MFR in patients with FH without evidence of ischemia can be reversed by moderate- to long-term simvastatin therapy without gender variance.
Anticholesteremic Agents↗
MR imaging of portal vein thrombus in hepatocellular carcinoma.
This report describes the magnetic resonance (MR) demonstration of portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In two cases of HCC with PVTT diagnosed by angiography, MR demonstrated PVTT as areas of increased MR signal in the portal vein. Our limited experience suggests the potential utility of MR imaging for diagnosis of PVTT.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
Lobar intensity differences of the liver on MR imaging.
Differences in signal intensity involving lobes of the liver were noted in seven cases of liver tumor. The clinical significance and possible cause of these differences in lobar intensity are discussed.
Adenoma, Bile Duct↗