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Biomedical subjects

K Ohno

Publications and source records attributed to K Ohno.

At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Reconstitution of the proton translocating ATPase from bovine heart mitochondria into planar phospholipid bilayer membranes.

Proton translocating ATPase (F0F1) from bovine heart mitochondria was reconstituted into planar phospholipid bilayers, and its electrogenicity was directly demonstrated. The F0F1 ATPase was solubilized using 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)-dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonic acid (CHAPS) as a detergent followed by sucrose density gradient centrifugation according to the method originally described by McEnery et al. for rat liver mitochondria (McEnery et al. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 259, 4642-4651), with minor modifications. The purified ATPase was reconstituted into proteoliposomes and then reconstituted into planar phospholipid bilayers by the modified fusion method (Hirata et al. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261, 9839-9843). A short-circuit current of up to 0.4 pA was induced by adding ATP, and this current was suppressed by the F1 ATPase inhibitor NaN3 or by a specific mitochondrial F0 inhibitor, oligomycin. The direction of the current corresponded to the flow of positive charges from the F1 side to the F0 side. All these facts clearly demonstrate that the mitochondrial F0F1 ATPase was successfully reconstituted into planar phospholipid bilayers, and the current was generated by the ATPase.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1987

Chronic subdural haematoma preceded by persistent traumatic subdural fluid collection.

The role of traumatic subdural fluid collections in the development of chronic subdural haematomas was studied in 43 of 715 patients who underwent a CT scan because of a recent head injury. Twenty of the 43 patients subsequently developed a chronic subdural haematoma, and this occurred especially in the aged. Nearly 50% of patients with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic subdural fluid collection may develop a chronic subdural haematoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Angiographic revascularization of the brain after encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis: a case report.

Preoperative and postoperative angiograms of a 13-year-old Japanese girl with moyamoya disease are compared. She underwent an indirect extracranial/intracranial bypass operation called encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis (EDAS). Post-EDAS angiograms clearly show revascularization of the brain through the donor scalp artery and decrease in moyamoya vessels, leptomeningeal anastomoses, and preexisting spontaneous transdural anastomoses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Effects of valvular surgery on overall and regional lung function in patients with mitral stenosis.

Changes in overall and regional pulmonary function after open heart surgery were studied in 23 patients with mitral stenosis, grouped according to hemodynamic abnormality at cardiac catheterization. In group 1 (pulmonary arterial pressure less than 25 mm Hg), no pulmonary function disorders were detected before or after surgery. In group 2 (pulmonary hypertension with no or slight tricuspid regurgitation) lung volumes increased significantly within normal ranges after surgery. However, group 3 patients (pulmonary hypertension and moderate or severe tricuspid regurgitation, restrictive and obstructive impairment, uneven alveolar ventilation, disturbed diffusing capacity) did not recover after surgery. The regional perfusion distribution by 133Xe, expressed as the upper over lower lung field ratio, showed significant changes after surgery in groups 1 and 2, but no change in group 3. In groups 1 and 2 it seems that lung parenchyma and pulmonary vessels were not greatly damaged, while in group 3 organic changes in the lung occurred.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Cryopreservation of strains and mutant genes in mice.

Three kinds of freezing methods were tested with embryos of DNI strain. The survival rate after thawing was 47.5%, 66.7% and 77.8% in the 2-step method, modified slow freezing method and modified 2-step method, respectively. Then, the modified 2-step method was applied to the embryos from 7 strains and a pair of interstrain crosses. PMSG treatment at the beginning of diestrus following HCG treatment after 48 hrs resulted in much yield of 8-16-cell embryos in all strains. The average number for each strain was as follows: DNI; 18.9, DDN; 13.0, BS; 20.4, C57BL/6; 12.9, DBA/2; 17.5, CRN; 19.8, PAN; 13.7 and DNI x C57BL/6-Ay; 21.7. Development of frozen-thawed embryos in culture varied among strains. Proportion of embryos that developed to the morula or blastocyst stage was as follows: DNI; 64.6%, DDN; 71.9%, BS; 53.6%, C57BL/6; 57.3%, DBA/2; 65.0%, CRN; 52.5%, PAN; 17.4% and DNI x C57BL/6-Ay; 44.1%. These results indicate that the ability of embryos to survive freezing and thawing is influenced by their genetic background. Live young were produced from DNI, DDN, BS and DNI x C57BL/6-Ay embryos after transfer to recipients. Comparative assessment of the developmental ability of frozen-thawed embryos after transfer among strains should be performed in further study.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[A factor analytic study of the acceptance of relaxation through Dohsa training (psychological rehabilitation training)].

This study was designed to identify factors which contribute to the acceptance of relaxation. Using the Dohsa Training technique, each of 58 female undergraduate students was given a relaxation procedure applied to the trunk and back. Following this relaxation procedure, subjects were asked to complete a 20 item questionnaire in which a five point rating scale served as an index of the degree of acceptance of relaxation. Factor analysis of the results led to identification of the following three factors: (I) psychological acceptance of the experimental situation; (II) differentiated and integrated bodily awareness; and, (III) feeling of generalized relaxation. A comparison of the factor scores of training and non-training experienced subjects revealed higher scores for the former on Factors I and II. On the other hand, non-training experienced subjects scored higher on Factor III. In addition, the difference in factor scores between concentrated and non-concentrated subjects indicated that volitional concentration on the relaxation process is indispensable for reorganizing self body-image.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Site and mechanism of growth inhibition by prostaglandins. III. Distribution and binding of prostaglandin A2 and delta 12-prostaglandin J2 in nuclei.

Cyclopentenone prostaglandins (PGs) such as PGA2 and delta 12-PGJ2 (9-deoxy-delta 9,12-PGD2) are taken up by cultured cells and exert growth inhibition. Within cells they are transferred to and accumulate in nuclei by a temperature-dependent process. In this study, the authors analyzed and compared subnuclear distribution and binding of these PGs. Nuclei accumulating either [3H]PGA2 or [3H] delta 12-PGJ2 were extracted successively with a hypotonic solution and with a 1% Triton X-100 solution, and the radioactivities in the two extracts (fractions of nucleoplasm and nuclear membrane, respectively) and the remaining residues (a fraction of chromatin and nuclear matrix) were determined. About three-fourths of PGA2-derived nuclear radioactivity was found in the extracts, and only 20% in the residues. Most of the radioactivity in the extracts was recovered in ethyl acetate under acidic conditions and identified as intact PGA2, suggesting that the majority of PGA2 in nuclei was present as free molecules. On the other hand, more than 70% of delta 12-PGJ2-derived nuclear radioactivity was associated with the residues and resistant to extraction with acidic ethyl acetate. This radioactivity, however, became extractable after brief alkali treatment and was identified as intact delta 12-PGJ2. In order to identify nuclear component binding of this PG, the authors digested the residues with either DNases or proteases. The radioactivity in the residues was almost completely released by digestion with proteases and clearly separated from DNA by ethanol precipitation. These results suggested that most of nuclear delta 12-PGJ2 bound covalently to protein(s) of chromatin and nuclear matrix.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1987

An evaluation of operative outcome in patients with funnel chest diagnosed by means of the computed tomogram.

A questionnaire survey of 66 patients with funnel chest who underwent corrective surgical procedures by the sternal elevation method, with or without the application of metal strut, demonstrated that the operative result was good in 60.6% and fair in 39.4%. None of the patients rated the result as unsatisfactory. A computed tomogram of the chest wall was performed to study the depression (b/c), asymmetry (b'/b), and flatness (a/b) of the chest wall, where a was the maximum transverse distance of the chest wall, b and b' were the maximum distance from the anterior to the posterior chest wall at the left and right sides (b greater than b'), and c was the perpendicular distance from the point of the anterior chest wall at its greatest deformity to the level of the anterior tip of the spine. In patients with a good result, b/c and b'/b were well corrected, while in patients with a fair postoperative result, they were still significantly different from those in subjects with normal chest walls. Moreover, 85.7% of the patients (6/7) with b/c over 3.0 before operation had a fair postoperative result. The degree of a/b was not corrected in patients with either good or fair postoperative results. We conclude that an operative approach to lengthen ribs would be necessary to improve the degree of a/b, that in patients with severely depressed funnel chest, expressed as a b/c value over 3.0 by computed tomography, a transient support with struts should be applied, and finally, that a more careful approach for correction of asymmetry should be undertaken to improve the operative results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[A clinical study on head injuries in the aged].

We review 79 patients over 65 years old among 715 patients who underwent CT scans in the early period after head injuries, to study the characteristics of head injury in the aged. Among 79 aged patients, 24 developed posttraumatic subdural fluid collections, and in 13 of them chronic subdural hematomas developed subsequently. There were only three acute epidural hematomas. However, a high incidence of intracerebral lesions was noted, regardless of the presence of skull fracture. The pedestrian accident was the most frequent cause of head injury in the 36 aged patients admitted and the mortality rate of traffic accident in the aged was also highest. The relationship between Glasgow Coma Scale Score (GCS) on admission and the outcome was not parallel in the aged, because high GCS not rarely resulted in poor condition or death. Head injury is apt to occur and becomes severe in the aged pedestrian because of advancing carelessness and dull movements with age. The vulnerability of the brain to the injury and changes of intracranial environment in the aged tend to cause intracranial lesions much more than in the younger patients. Already-existing diseases and/or posttraumatic general complications also make clinical courses worse in the aged. It seems important for the improvement of the treatment that the characteristics described above are always taken into consideration throughout the period of the treatment in the aged, in order to eliminate worsening factors adequately. In addition, the social measures to cope with the suffering of the aged pedestrians from traffic accident should be considered and established in an aging society.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1986

Metabolic dehydration of prostaglandin E2 and cellular uptake of the dehydration product: correlation with prostaglandin E2-induced growth inhibition.

When L-1210 murine leukemia cells were incubated with 60 microM PGE2 in culture medium containing fetal calf serum for various time, cell proliferation was inhibited dependent on incubation time. However, when the medium containing PGE2 was changed every 6 h during 24 h exposure to cells, growth inhibition became much weaker. Moreover, when the medium containing PGE2 was aged by preincubating without cells at 37 degrees C, growth inhibitory effect of the medium was enhanced with preincubation time, suggesting that active growth inhibitory compound(s) accumulated during preincubation. In culture medium containing fetal calf serum, PGE2 degraded time-dependently and the major product was identified as PGA2 by HPLC. Furthermore, when cells were incubated with the medium containing 60 microM[3H]PGE2 or the same medium aged by preincubation, we observed that the radioactivity was taken up by the cells time-dependently, and identified the incorporated radioactivity as PGA2. This uptake was closely correlated with decrease in viable cell number during incubation. These results suggested that growth inhibitory effect of PGE2 was due to the metabolic dehydration of PGE2 to PGA2, and PGA2, after taken up by cells, exerted cell growth inhibition.

Animals↗