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Biomedical subjects

K Ohmoto

Publications and source records attributed to K Ohmoto.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma located on the surface of the liver.

OBJECTIVE: Percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy was recently introduced as a new treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma in our country. We performed this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this therapy for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, especially for tumors located on the surface of the liver. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy can be performed safely even in patients with cirrhosis and can achieve complete remission of small hepatocellular carcinomas (< or = 2.0 cm) located on the surface of the liver.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Expression of cytotoxic molecule TIA-1 in malignant lymphomas mimicking fulminant hepatitis.

Involvement of malignant lymphoma in the liver inducing fulminant hepatic failure has rarely been reported. Therefore, a close association between some lymphoma types with severe liver damage and the mechanism underlying the liver damage is intriguing. Three malignant lymphoma cases, which were clinically diagnosed as fulminant hepatitis, were collected from the autopsy records of Kawasaki Medical School (Kurashiki, Japan). All three cases were characterized by the presence of hepatosplenomegaly without superficial lymph node swelling, high elevation of transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; especially LDH-2), and a quite aggressive clinical course. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells in all three cases were positive for T cell intracellular antigen (TIA-1), which is a cytolytic protein in cytotoxic T and natural killer (NK) cells. The lymphomas were CD8+ peripheral T cell lymphoma (case 1), CD56+ T/NK cell lymphoma (case 2), and T cell lymphoma in a patient with mosquito hypersensitivity (case 3). Epstein-Barr virus infection was demonstrated on the tumor cells of cases 2 and 3 using an in situ hybridization method and those cases showed high titers of serum interferon-gamma and Fas. Frequent apoptosis of liver cells, where the lymphoma cells had infiltrated, was revealed by a terminal deoxyribosyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine nick end-labeling (TUNEL) method. The findings in this study suggest that fulminant hepatic injury is closely associated with cytotoxic molecule TIA-1 expression of the lymphoma cells and that some specific mechanism may be involved in liver damage.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Acute terminal pancreatitis occurring in jejunal heterotopic pancreas.

CONCLUSION: We report a unique case of acute terminal pancreatitis occurring in the jejunal heterotopic pancreas. Unlike previously reported cases, acute pancreatitis was not found histologically in the ordinary pancreas. BACKGROUND: Heterotopic pancreas may show the same inflammatory or neoplastic changes, such as acute pancreatitis and adenocarcinoma, as those that occur in the ordinary pancreas. However, histologically proven acute pancreatitis occurring in heterotopic pancreas is very rare and only three reports have been described. METHODS: A 53-yr-old Japanese man died of hepatic failure, and autopsy was performed. RESULTS: Autopsy incidentally revealed heterotopic pancreas of the jejunum. Microscopically, focal acute pancreatitis was observed in the jejunal heterotopic pancreas, whereas the pancreas of the normal location showed no abnormality. In addition, no clinical evidence of pancreatic disease was noted before death. Therefore, we diagnosed this case as acute terminal pancreatitis occurring in the jejunal heterotopic pancreas.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

[Percutaneous ethanol injection for unresectable pancreatic cancer-report of two cases].

Two cases of unresectable pancreatic cancer underwent percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI). The first was a 65-year-old man with a 43 x 39 mm mass in the head of the pancreas. He received PEI (total 38.5 ml of ethanol) 6 times. Serum CA19-9 decreased from 3,800 U/ml to 1,700 U/ml. The patient was dead 6 months after PEI. Autopsy revealed coagulative necrosis at the site of ethanol injection. The second case was a 66-year-old man with a 70 x 50 mm mass in the body of the pancreas. He was treated by PEI (total 10 ml). After PEI, his abdominal pain was relieved considerably. He died 4 months after PEI treatment. These findings suggest that PEI may be useful not only for pain control but also for tumor reduction of unresectable pancreatic cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Solitary cystic dilatation of the intrahepatic bile duct.

A 31 year old man was hospitalised with general fatigue and epigastric pain. Abdominal ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging showed a cystic lesion in the left lobe of the liver. Endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography and percutaneous trans-hepatic cholangiography revealed a localised dilatation of the intrahepatic bile duct without any obstruction. However, a large mass of mucinous material was noted in the saccular intrahepatic duct and the common bile duct. There was no evidence of a choledochal cyst, anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal union, or congenital cystic change of the kidneys. A possible diagnosis of mucinous cystic neoplasm of the intrahepatic bile duct was made and a left hepatectomy performed. Cholangiography of the resected specimen showed a non-obstructive solitary cystic dilatation of the left hepatic duct. Histologically, the dilated duct was lined with columnar biliary epithelium without any papillary proliferation and/or atypia. Neither malignancy nor hepatic fibrosis was observed; the term "solitary cystic dilatation of the intrahepatic bile duct" perhaps is more descriptive and the concept easier to understand.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Effect of Pd and In on mercury evaporation from amalgams.

The amount of Hg vapor released from "synthesized" gamma 1 with 1% (wt) Pd was reported to be less than 30% of that from gamma 1 with no Pd. This study tested the hypothesis that Hg evaporation from Pd-containing amalgams decreases with Pd concentration and that In also reduces Hg vapor. Specimens (4 mm dia, 8 mm long) were prepared by triturating Ag-Sn(25%)-Cu(12%) alloy powder containing 0.5-9.0% Pd with pure Hg and by triturating 3% Pd alloy powder with Hg containing 1-5% In (all residual Hg approximately equal to 62%). The total amount (ng/mm2) of Hg vapor released at 37 degrees C from freshly prepared amalgams was measured. Pd (3-9%) in the powder significantly (p < 0.05) decreased Hg vapor release from amalgams during setting. Use of In-containing Hg also reduced Hg vapor release (5% In, p < 0.05). The reduction in the Hg vapor pressure by adding Pd and the rapid oxide film formation on the In-containing amalgam appear to work together to reduce Hg vaporization from these amalgams.

Calorimetry, Differential Scanning↗
PubMed1995

Studies on dental high-speed cutting.

The primary author, an experienced dentist, cut bovine enamel and dentine horizontally and vertically with diamond points driven by an air-turbine, while the rotational cutting speeds and applied loads were simultaneously monitored. Three cutting techniques employed here were successive cutting with moderate force (S-m); intermittent cutting with moderate force (I-m); and intermittent cutting with a smaller force (I-s). It was found that the cut contact time of S-m, I-m and I-s cuts were about 10s, 0.4s and 0.25 s, respectively. The maximum applied load during cutting varied, depending upon the cutting direction and the cutting technique. Vertical S-m cut of enamel resulted in the largest applied load of around 105 g, while horizontal I-s cut of dentine brought about the minimum (approximately 35 g). Cutting volumes of dentine tended to exceed those of enamel. It was confirmed that the I-m cut produced larger cutting effectiveness of diamond points on both enamel and dentine compared with the S-m cut.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Studies on dental high-speed cutting with carbide burs used on bovine dentin.

Bovine dentin was cut by hand with carbide burs and two cutting procedures while the rotational handpiece speed and the applied load were simultaneously monitored. It became evident that the maximum applied load during intermittent cutting varied from approximately 30 to 40 gm, whereas that during successive cutting ranged from approximately 20 to 60 gm. It showed that intermittent cutting produced a greater cutting effectiveness (for example, cutting volume per cut contact time) when carbide burs were used on dentin, compared with continuous cutting. It is recommended that the intermittent cutting procedure be used during work on patients.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1994

Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas with mucinous biliary obstruction due to uncommon complication of fistulas to the common bile duct and main pancreatic duct.

We report a case of biliary obstruction by a large amount of mucinous material produced by a cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas invading the common bile duct. This diagnosis was made preoperatively by various imaging methods. Endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) revealed a mucus-containing cyst with a communication to the main pancreatic and common bile ducts due to a fistulization. Mucinous biliary obstruction was observed. This case indicates that mucinous biliary obstructions should be considered in patients with a mucinous cystic neoplasm of the pancreatic head in the presence of jaundice and that mucinous cystadenocarcinoma may develop into mucinous carcinoma, especially in cases with fistula formations. ERP is useful for detecting the presence of a fistula to the common bile duct or other neighboring organs in such cases. Surgical treatment is recommended because the prognosis of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma is better than that of the usual pancreatic cancer, even though the tumor shows a communication with neighboring organs.

Bile Ducts↗
PubMed1994

[Painful muscle cramps in liver cirrhosis and effects of oral taurine administration].

We administered 3 g of taurine orally for four weeks to 35 patients suffering from liver cirrhosis with repeated muscle cramp (MC). Improvement of MC was noted in 22 cases (62.9%). We also determined the plasma taurine concentration in eight cases of liver cirrhosis with MC. The plasma taurine concentration before ingestion was 54.1 +/- 20.7 nmol/ml, whereas that of four weeks after ingestion was 125.1 +/- 59.1 nmol/ml, which was significantly elevated by 2.3 fold. As the concentration increased, the frequency of MC decreased, suggesting the good correlation between ingestion and the decrease in frequency of MC. In liver cirrhosis without MC the plasma taurine concentration was 81.0 +/- 16.7 nmol/ml, which was significantly higher than in liver cirrhosis with MC. In a few cases with taurine ingestion, serial plasma taurine concentrations were detected. Plasma taurine reached the peak value during the first week of ingestion and plasma taurine levels were maintained 2-5 fold higher during ingestion.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1993

Analysis of discordant test results among five second-generation assays for anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies also tested by polymerase chain reaction-RNA assay and other laboratory and clinical tests for hepatitis.

The diagnostic performances of five commercially available second-generation assays for anti-hepatitis C virus antibody, two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, one enzyme immunoassay, and two particle agglutination assays (passive hemagglutination assay and particle agglutination assay), were evaluated. Among 104 samples from healthy subjects and 300 consecutive samples from patient ordered for routine determinations of anti-hepatitis C virus antibody in serum, assay results showed variable degrees of discordance for 17 samples (4.2%). These 17 samples were further tested by an immunoblot assay, the polymerase chain reaction-RNA assay, and the hemagglutination inhibition assay. Four of the 17 samples were regarded as true positive, since all supplementary assays and clinical data indicated active hepatitis C virus infection. Another five samples were considered false positive because no confirmatory evidence was obtained from the laboratory analysis or clinical data. The remaining eight samples were negative for hepatitis C virus RNA, but the results of the other supplementary tests were indeterminate. Some of these samples with indeterminate results may have been from patients with subclinical cases of disease who spontaneously recovered from hepatitis with persistent anti-hepatitis C virus antibody in their sera.

Adult↗