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Biomedical subjects

K Ohmori

Publications and source records attributed to K Ohmori.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Effects of relative metabolic rate and heart rate variation on the performance of flight attendants.

The main work of the cabin attendants in an actual flight in service for passengers. The effects of flight attendant duties in flight differ from the effects of the same tasks performed on the ground. In this study, the relative metabolic rate (RMR) and heart rate (HR) of cabin attendants in a cruising aircraft galley and cabin are compared with those of a crew working in a mock-up apparatus on the ground. The types of work tested are: (a) oshibori (steamed towel) service, (b) soft drink service, (c) setting meal tray, (d) putting casserole on tray, (e) meal tray service, (f) walking on aisle. The RMR at each type of work during flight is as indicated: (a) 1.07-2.10, (b) 1.08-1.54, (c) 1.37-1.82, (d) 2.57-3.50, (e) 2.11-3.10 and (f) 1.84. The range of HR was: (a) 105-120, (b) 90-110, (c) 90-120, (d) 100-130 and 100-140 beats/min. In most cases, the RMR and HR levels of work done in the mock-up were lower than those recorded in flight. These results suggest that the oxygen intake of work done in flight is greater than that on a mock-up. One of the reasons might be that the cabin barometric pressure (ca. 660 torr or cabin altitude ca. 1,500 m) or an aisle inclination of about 3 degrees caused a decrease in the efficiency of oxygen intake during flight.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Pulmonary functions observed by means of flow-volume curve in welders exposed to ozone (author's transl)].

Pulmonary functions were observed by the flow-volume curve method on 68 healthy welders who had been exposed to comparatively high levels of ozone while engaged in arc welding process shielded by inert gas. The welders between 20 and 29 years of age were selected as subjects and classified into five groups according to ozone concentrations of the workshops. Results of pulmonary function tests were analyzed with reference to working experiences, dust concentrations of the workshops, smoking habits and air pollution levels of the location of factories. An attempt were made to evaluate the possible effects of prolonged exposure to ozone produced by welding upon the health or workers. The results obtained were as follows. 1. Values of both peak flow rate and maximum expiratory flow rate at 75% of vital capacity (V75) were decreased slightly in welder groups, but relationships between the observed values and ozone concentrations were not recognized. 2. Values of maximum expiratory flow rate at 25% of vital capacity (V25) of welders who had been exposed to ozone in concentration of 1.05 ppm or more were decreased significantly compared with groups exposed to ozone under 1.05 ppm. 3. In addition, values of both V25 and forced vital capacity (FVC) of the workers who had been engaged in welding for 4 years or more were significantly lower than those of the workers for less than 4 years of exposure. However, the relationship between the lung function values and smoking habits were not significant in both groups. 4. The decreases in V25 values were observed in several workers who had been exposed even to 0.46 ppm or higher (but under 1.05 ppm) ozone concentrations. 5. Relationships between the lung function values and either smoking habits or air pollutant levels of locations were not significant in all groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Ultrastructural features of the sarcoplasmic reticulum during rapid cooling contracture and tetanus in frog skeletal muscle.

Electron microscopic studies on the ultrastructural changes of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of the skeletal muscle were performed during caffeine rapid cooling contracture (RCC). The swelling of the SR was clearly induced by RCC. The diameter of the SR fixed for the electron microscopic study at the peak tension of RCC increased with graded caffeine concentration. Mean diameters of the SR (terminal cisternae) were (29.42 +/- 9.27) X 10(-2) micron at 1 mM, (31.37 +/- 10.68) X 10(-2) micron at 2 mM, (35.33 +/- 8.60) X 10(-2) micron at 4 mM caffeine, respectively, and (20.71 +/- 6.94) X 10(-2) micron at peak tetanus. On returning to room temperature (after RCC), the enlarged SR by RCC returned to its initial state (ca. 19 X 10(-2) micron) except in the case of RCC at 4 mM caffeine concentration level. Rupture of the SR and other irreversible changes during RCC occurred at 4 mM caffeine concentration level. On the other hand, there were no remarkable alterations in ultrastructure of the SR in tetanus. No morphological changes were observed at the SR-T tubule junction (junctional gap) or in the intra-SR granules (globular particles) during RCC and tetanus. It might be suggested that the morphological changes of the SR on caffeine rapid cooling associated with Ca released from the SR.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Major osteotomies of the cranium, facial bones, and mandible.

This paper describes the present status of osteotomies of the facial skeletal framework, including craniofacial surgery, in Japan based on patients seen at the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Hospital. It presents our experience with the correction of craniofacial dysostosis, orbital hypertelorism, orbital hypotelorism, untreated plagiocephaly, craniostenosis, cleft lip deformity, prognathism, and asymmetry of the mandible. There are a few departments skillfully performing such osteotomies in Japan, but it cannot yet be said that the procedures are well developed here. I myself have applied them in almost 100 patients in the past four years; considering the complexity and difficulty of these operations, however, my experience is quite limited and simply follows in the footsteps of previous work done mostly in western countries. Nevertheless, we can now treat most craniofacial and facial skeletal problems ourselves.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Free scalp flap surgery.

This paper describes a new method of creating a natural anterior hairline using microsurgical free scalp flaps. This operative method is a one-stage procedure and the new hairline has normal hair density and natural hair direction. The donor flap is raised mainly from the parietooccipital portion of the scalp. The method can be applied not only to cicatricial alopecia, but to baldness as well.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Free scalp flap.

A method for treatment of postburn alopecia using microsurgical transfer of a large free temporoparieto-occipital flap is described. The results of this operation were satisfactory for both the patient and the surgeon.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Correction of Poland's pectoralis major muscle anomaly with latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flaps.

This paper describes a new indication for the latissimus dorsi muscle or musculocutaneous flap, which has been applied to the treatment of congenital, unilateral absence of the pectoralis major muscle for formation of the anterior border of the axilla, by simulation of the pectoralis major muscle using the latissimus dorsi muscle. The results of this operation were satisfactory for both the patients and the surgeon.

Adolescent↗