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Biomedical subjects

K Ohba

Publications and source records attributed to K Ohba.

141 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Clinical and pathogenic studies on aged polyuria in the IVCS strain of mouse.

As aged polyuria is often observed in the IVCS strain of mouse, biochemical and histological studies were undertaken in order to clarify its etiology. Polyuria was observed at 7-8 months of age, and significant increases in water intake and urine volume were noted at 10-11 months of age. IVCS strain mice over one year old showed water intakes and urine volumes about five to six times greater than those in DDI strain mice. The osmolarity of urine excreted from polyuric mice was low compared with DDI strain mice, and elevations of sodium and potassium excretion were observed at an early stage of polyuria. At a more advanced stage of the disease, proteins of low molecular weight were excreted in most animals. Furthermore, depression of kidney response to ADH was recognized soon after onset of polyuria compared with normal IVCS strain mice. Thus, polyuria observed in IVCS strain mice may result from a functional defect of the renal tubules. In addition, significant deposition of amorphous substances, especially in the liver, kidney and spleen, occurred almost in parallel with polyuria. From these findings, it is obvious that mice of the IVCS strain exhibit characteristic polyuria and storage disease as they age.

Aging↗
PubMed1983

Purification and molecular properties of two cadmium-binding glycoproteins from the hepatopancreas of a whelk, Buccinum tenuissimum.

Two cytoplasmic cadmium-binding glycoproteins from the hepatopancreas of a whelk, Buccinum tenuissimum, were purified to homogeneity by Sephadex G-75 gel filtration and two DEAE-Sephadex A-25 chromatographies in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol. These two cadmium-binding glycoproteins, termed FIIA and FIIB, each showed a single band after electrophoresis on 10% polyacrylamide gel at pH 8.9. The molecular weight of FIIA was estimated as 8000 and that of FIIB as 13000 by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Based on molecular weights of 6500 and 11900 for the protein moiety of FIIA and FIIB, respectively, the total number of amino acid residues was 52 in the former and 94 in the latter. Three and two cysteine residues in FIIA and FIIB, respectively, were titratable with p-chloromercuribenzoate. FIIB also contained two more half-cystine residues. The sugar contents of FIIA and FIIB were about 20.5% and 8.7% by weight, respectively, consisting of galactose, mannose, fucose and amino sugar. The purified glycoproteins FIIA and FIIB contained about 0.6% and 1.0% cadmium by weight, respectively, and both showed strong metal-binding capacity, especially for cadmium, copper and mercury. The apparent cadmium dissociation constants for FIIA and FIIB after treatment with 2-mercaptoethanol were 7.3 X 10(-6) and 9.1 X 10(-7) M, respectively. Cadmium contents at saturation were nearly 6 and 8 gatom per mole for FIIA and FIIB, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Studies on a new aminoglycoside antibiotic, dactimicin. II. Isolation, structure and chemical degradation.

A new aminoglycoside antibiotic, dactimicin produced by a Dactylosporangium matsuzakiense SF-2052 has been isolated by column chromatography on a cation-exchange resin and CM-sephadex. The structure of dactimicin was determined to be 4-amino-1,4-dideoxy-3-O-(2,6-diamino-2,3,4,6,7-pentadeoxy-beta-L-lyxo- heptopyranosyl)-1-[(N-formimidoylglycyl)-methylamino]-6-O-methyl-L-chiro-inosit ol. Alkaline hydrolysis of dactimicin afforded 1-N-(N-formylglycyl)fortimicin B, fortimicin B, fortimicin A and an acyl migration product, 2'-N-(N-formylglycyl)fortimicin B.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1980

SF-1771, a new antibiotic related to bleomycin.

A new antibiotic, substance SF-1771, has been isolated for the fermentation broth of Streptomyces toyocaensis SF-1771. The antibiotic is highly active against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria and effective against sarcoma 180 cells of ascites type in mice. It belonged to the phleomycin-bleomycin group antibiotics, but has been differentiated from the known antibiotics by the physiochemical properties, chromatographic behaviors and amino acid analysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

SF-1961, a new antibiotic related to bleomycin.

A new type of bleomycin group antibiotic, SF-1961 was isolated from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces species. SF-1961 possessed beta-amino-beta-(4-amino-6-carboxypyrimidin-2-yl)-propionic acid instead of its 5-methyl derivative which was a common component of bleomycins and phleomycins.

Bacteria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Characterization and optimization of the flow pattern inside a diaphragm blood pump based on flow visualization techniques.

We applied two different flow visualization techniques to obtain detailed information on the inside flow of the diaphragm blood pump of our electrohydraulic total artificial heart system to determine the optimum washout effect that would result in better antithrombogenicity. Major orifice directions of the inflow and outflow Bjork-Shiley valves of the left blood pump were independently changed to create 17 varied patterns. The character and velocity of the main flow at the diaphragm-housing junction were acquired using a laser light sheet method with polyethylene tracers. Wall shear flow, a major factor governing washout in the blood pump, was estimated by a newly developed paint erosion method. In this method, quantitative evaluation for an index of washout effect was made by calculating the residual ratio of the paint on the blood pump inner surface at 30 sec of pumping. When a single circular flow was consistently observed by the laser light sheet method, the paint residual ratio become low, indicating washout was relatively good. At the lowest paint residual ratio, the center of the circular flow observed by the laser light sheet method was located at the geometric center of the blood chamber. In conclusion, the flow pattern inside the blood pump could be characterized by combined use of these two flow visualization techniques, and the significant role of circular flow in better washout was clarified.

Heart, Artificial↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cystic lymphangioma of the gall-bladder: a case report.

Intra-abdominal cystic lymphangiomas are rare lesions that can be difficult to diagnose. We present a report of a patient with a giant multilocular cystic lesion in the abdomen. Ultrasonography and computed tomography scans of the abdomen revealed that the cyst had originated in the gall-bladder fossa. There was some calcification and thickening of the cyst wall. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography demonstrated a medially deviated common bile duct, an elongated cystic duct and an inferior compressed gallbladder. There was no apparent communication between the cyst and the biliary tract; however, an abdominal angiogram revealed that the lesion was supplied by a branch of the cystic artery. Histological findings obtained intra-operatively were consistent with a cystic lymphangioma. Its characteristic histology was observed in the subserous layer of the gall-bladder. This case is a rare instance of a cystic lymphangioma originating in the gall-bladder.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical features and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in eight patients older than eighty years of age.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Most-hepatocellular carcinoma patients are between 40 and 60 years of age, but an increasing number of elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma is expected in the future because of the increase in life expectancy seen in many countries. Since elderly patients have a high incidence of comorbid illnesses, it should be useful to examine the clinical features of these patients to select the optimal management strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective review of 111 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma was undertaken to examine the clinical features of 8 patients older than 80 years of age. RESULTS: In the 111 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, the ratio of males to females was 81:30 and the peak incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma was noted in the seventh and eighth decades in males and females, respectively. Of these, 21 (19%) were type "B" [seropositive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and seronegative for antibody to the hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV)], 69 (62%) were type "C" (seronegative for HBsAg and seropositive for anti-HCV), 3 (3%) were type "B + C" (seropositive for both HBsAg and anti-HCV), and 18 (16%) were type "non-B non-C" (seronegative for both HBsAg and anti-HCV). The peak incidences of type "B" were in the sixth decade, whereas those of type "C" were in the seventh decade in both males and females. Patients with "non-B non-C" were common in their seventies. Of the 111 patients, 6 (5 males and 1 female) were older than 80 years at the time of diagnosis and 2 females became 80 years old during the course of follow-up of hepatocellular carcinoma. All but one of these patients were anti-HCV-positive, stage and clinical stage I or II according to the criteria defined by the Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan, and underwent transcatheter arterial embolization and/or transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy. Transcatheter arterial embolization/transcatheter arterial infusion or percutaneous ethanol injection therapy was well tolerated in these patients, and the outcome of these patients was good. However, concomitant underlying diseases other than liver diseases made it impossible or difficult to apply an aggressive management protocol for hepatocellular carcinoma in some patients. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the overall treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in the elderly should be similar to that in younger patients, but may be restricted by the concomitant underlying diseases specific to advanced age.

Aged↗