Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Oh

Publications and source records attributed to K Oh.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Stressful life events, health symptoms, social support and coping in early adolescents].

Numerous research reports have substantiated the role of stressful life events in relation to the onset of health changes. The relationship tends to hold across different age groups. Theoretically, adolescence has been considered a developmental crisis period of great stress, impoverished coping skills and high vulnerability to biological, social and psychological demands. The research problem addressed by this study was to examine the relationships between stressful life events and health symptom patterns, and the effect of two variables, coping and social support, theoretically considered to mediate the relationship between stress and health symptoms in adolescents. The following five hypotheses were tested in this research: 1. Health symptoms are positively related to stressful life events in adolescents, 2. Health symptoms are negatively related to coping in adolescents, 3. Health symptoms are negatively related to social support in adolescents, 4. When coping is controlled, the relationship between health symptoms and stressful life events will decrease, and 5. When social support is controlled, the relationship between health symptoms and stressful life events will increase. The study subjects consisted of 1090 high school students of the metropolitan city of Seoul. The following sampling procedure was used: 1. Of the 169 high schools in nine school administrative districts in the city, a proportional sample of ten schools was selected. 2. One class from each of the freshman and sophomore was randomly selected and all the students who were in the sampled class were used as the study sample. The study was limited to freshman and sophomore adolescents, aged 15 to 18 (mean = 16.6). Of the 1090 subjects 688 (63%) were boys and 402 (37%) were girls. An Adolescent Inventory of Stressful Life Events, a Health Symptom Questionnaire and an Adolescent Coping Inventory were adapted for this study. The Norbeck Social Support Questionnaire was utilized to collect the data on perceived social support. Five high school teachers in the areas of school health and counselling reviewed the items of each questionnaire for content validity. A pilot study was undertaken to ascertain reliability. Fifty three high school students responded to the questionnaires and gave their opinions on the items. For stressful life events, health symptoms, coping, and social support, the Cronbach's alpha's on the study were .70, .94, .77, and .76, respectively. Research assistants attended all the sampled classes with the school proctor to explain the purpose and procedures of the study to the students. The questionnaires along with a ballpoint pen were distributed to the students who were asked to complete each item.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1990

[Pharmacokinetics and clinical evaluations on aztreonam in perinatal infections in obstetrics and gynecology. A study of aztreonam in the perinatal co-research group].

Pharmacokinetics and clinical studies on an injectable monobactam antibiotic aztreonam (AZT), were carried out in perinatal infections in obstetrics and gynecology and the obtained results are summarized as follows. 1. Pharmacokinetic study (1) Upon one-shot intravenous injection of AZT 1 g before delivery, maternal serum concentration of AZT was 89.0 micrograms/ml immediately after the injection and a half-life (T 1/2) of 0.96 hour was observed. Umbilical-cord serum concentration showed a peak value of 16.5 micrograms/ml at 1.26 hours after the injection and gradually decreased with a T 1/2 of 1.91 hours. The transfer into amniotic fluid was observed and the peak value of AZT in amniotic fluid reached 12.9 micrograms/ml at 5.57 hours after the injection and slowly decreased thereafter with a T 1/2 of 4.42 hours. Transfer and disappearance in one-shot 2 g intravenous injection and 1 g intravenous drip infusion (1 hour) of AZT were very similar to the results obtained with the one-shot 1 g intravenous injection. (2) The residual serum concentration in neonates after one-shot 1 g intravenous injection of AZT to the mother was almost below the detectable limit. Transfer of AZT into milk was scarcely recognized. 2. Clinical studies (1) AZT was injected to 47 cases with various perinatal infections and it was more than "effective" in 45 cases with an efficacy rate of 95.7%. Also, all the 12 cases to which AZT was administered for prophylaxis of infections showed prophylactic effect. Bacterial eradication was obtained with 25 strains out of 29 aerobic Gram-negative bacteria, but 1 strain "persisted" and for 3 strains results were "unknown", hence an eradication rate of 96.2% was obtained. However, AZT treatment resulted in a little lower eradication rate against Gram-positive bacteria. (2) One case (1.3%) of minor degree of urticaria was found as a side effect, and one case each of eosinophilia and elevation of GOT, GPT and Al-P was observed as abnormal laboratory value. From the above results of pharmacokinetics and clinical evaluation, it has been concluded that AZT is a useful and highly safe drug in various perinatal infections and prophylaxis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Transplacental transfer and clinical application of aztreonam].

Preclinical and clinical studies on aztreonam (AZT) in the perinatal period were carried out and the results are summarized below. 1. Concentrations of AZT in maternal serum, umbilical cord serum and amniotic fluid were measured after intravenous injection of AZT 1 g and 2 g, and intravenous drip infusion of AZT 1 g. As results, the transfer of AZT into umbilical cord serum started to increase in 1 to 2 hours, and the transfer of AZT into amniotic fluid started to increase after an elapse of 2 hours. Upon the intravenous injection of 2 g, AZT concentration in amniotic fluid was as high as 27.1 micrograms/ml even at 10 hours 30 minutes after the injection, and it was still 6.9 micrograms/ml at 20 hours or more after the injection. 2. AZT 2 g/day (b.i.d.) was administered by intravenous drip infusion to 1 perinatal infection case with pyelonephritis. It was clinically effective and neither side effect nor abnormal laboratory test value was observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on imipenem/cilastatin sodium in the perinatal period. A study of imipenem/cilastatin sodium in the perinatal co-research group].

Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on imipenem/cilastatin sodium (IPM/CS) in the perinatal period were carried out, and the results obtained are summarized below. 1. IPM/CS transfers to umbilical cord plasma and amniotic fluid were effective. Passage of IPM/CS into mother's milk was as little as with other beta-lactam antibiotics. 2. Among 81 patients with perinatal infections, clinical efficacies were excellent in 16 patients, good in 62, poor in 3, with an efficacy rate of 96.3%. In addition, IPM/CS was effective in 6 patients for prophylaxis. 3. Out of 82 isolates examined for bacterial responses, 69 isolates were eradicated and 8 isolates were decreased. Especially, of 13 isolates of Enterococcus faecalis, 12 were eradicated. 4. In 109 patients administered with IPM/CS, vomiting was observed in 1 patient. No abnormal laboratory test values were observed. 5. IPM/CS was an effective and safe new antibiotic in perinatal infections. We recommend a normal dose of IPM/CS of 0.5 g/0.5 g twice a day and a dose for severe infections of 1 g/1 g twice a day in the perinatal period.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical studies on imipenem/cilastatin sodium in the perinatal period].

Clinical studies were carried out on imipenem/cilastatin sodium (IPM/CS) in the perinatal period, and the results are summarized below. 1. IPM/CS was administered to a total of 10 patients including 7 with puerperal intrauterine infections and 3 with pyelonephritis at a dose of 0.5 g/0.5 g twice daily through intravenous drip infusion. IPM/CS showed satisfactory results. Clinical efficacies were excellent in 1 patient, good in 9 with an efficacy rate of 100%. 2. As for bacteriological evaluation, 12 strains out of 14 detected in 8 patients before the treatment were eradicated upon IPM/CS administration, with an eradication rate of 85.7%. The remaining 2 strains persisted. 3. Neither subjective and objective side effects nor abnormal laboratory test values were observed in any of the patients or their babies.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Pheochromocytoma and Ca++ channel blocker.

This is a case report of a 57-year-old woman who was diagnosed as suffering from pheochromocytoma on the basis of serum catecholamine levels, the results of abdominal echography and CT scanning. Her fluctuating blood pressure was treated successfully by intravenous administration of diltiazem. Diltiazem elicits a marked reduction in vascular resistance. There was no evidence that diltiazem affects catecholamine secretion levels, as reported by others for nifedipine.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Folding-driven synthesis of oligomers.

The biological function of biomacromolecules such as DNA and enzymes depends on their ability to perform and control molecular association, catalysis, self-replication or other chemical processes. In the case of proteins in particular, the dependence of these functions on the three-dimensional protein conformation is long known and has inspired the development of synthetic oligomers and polymers with the capacity to fold in a controlled manner, but it remains challenging to design these so-called 'foldamers' so that they are capable of inducing or controlling chemical processes and interactions. Here we show that the stability gained from folding can be used to control the synthesis of oligomers from short chain segments reversibly ligated through an imine metathesis reaction. That is, folding shifts the ligation equilibrium in favour of conformationally ordered sequences, so that oligomers having the most stable solution structures form preferentially. Crystallization has previously been used to shift an equilibrium in order to indirectly influence the synthesis of small molecules, but the present approach to selectively prepare macromolecules with stable conformations directly connects folding and synthesis, emphasizing molecular function rather than structure in polymer synthesis.

Biopolymers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Solidity of sickle hemoglobin gels: relevance to pathophysiology of sickling disorders.

The physical properties of hemoglobin (Hb) S gels formed under conditions relevant to in vivo conditions have been characterized using viscometry. Mixed Hb SF and Hb AS gels of hemoglobin concentrations and compositions found in patients with Hb S-HPFH (mild sickle-cell disease) and Hb AS (sickle-cell trait) have been compared to those of pure Hb S. The results may explain why red cells containing gels occlude the microcirculation and/or undergo hemolysis in patients with sickle-cell anemia, why patients with Hb S-HPFH are mildly affected with red-cell sickling, and why individuals with Hb AS have no clinical manifestations of the Hb abnormality.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development of a PHC nursing information system in Korea.

WHO has established collaborating centres at educational institutions throughout the world to assist with WHO research. In 1988 a WHO Collaborating Centre was inaugurated at Yonsei University College of Nursing in Korea. Since then two important research projects have been completed for establishing a data bank of human resources of nursing for primary health care (PHC) in Korea. Both projects strengthen the PHC nursing information systems in Korea and, as such, are beginning to develop PHC networks throughout Korea, passing on information to an international network system. Below, the rationale behind the two projects, the methodology and the results.

Computer Communication Networks↗