Biomedical subjects

K Ogata

Publications and source records attributed to K Ogata.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources

PubMed1994

Dermatofibroma: superficial fibrous proliferation with reactive histiocytes. A multiple immunostaining analysis.

BACKGROUND: Dermatofibroma (DF) is a superficial form of benign fibrous histiocytoma, composed of a mixture of fibroblastic cells and histiocytic cells. The histogenesis of this lesion is a matter of controversy. METHODS: Forty-five cases of DF were investigated by single and multiple immunostaining techniques, using panel of 12 antibodies including proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), vimentin, and macrophage/histiocyte markers (HAM56 and CD68). RESULTS: Double immunostaining demonstrated that 58% of the DF cells simultaneously expressed PCNA and vimentin, whereas only 5% were PCNA+/HAM56+, and 2% were PCNA+/CD68+. By triple-stain for PCNA, vimentin, and HAM56, 56% of the DF cells were PCNA+/vimentin+/HAM56-, but only a few cells were PCNA+/HAM56+/vimentin+/-. Of the PCNA positive cells, 88% were vimentin+HAM56- and 10% were HAM56+ vimentin-/+. The cells positive for CD68 showed similar distribution to that of HAM56+ cells, though there were fewer of the former than the latter in most cases. These results suggest that the majority of the proliferating cells in DF express vimentin but not histiocytic markers. Morphologically, the PCNA+/vimentin+/HAM56- (or CD68-) cells exhibited a spindle-shaped configuration resembling fibroblasts, whereas most of the HAM56+/CD68+ cells possessed abundant rounded cytoplasm and were similar to normal histiocytes. CONCLUSIONS: The present study suggests that the proliferative compartment of DF cells is composed chiefly of mesenchymal/fibroblastic lineage, accompanied by varying numbers of normal reactive histiocytes.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Canal-expansive laminoplasty in 83 patients with cervical myelopathy. A comparative study of three different procedures.

We have reviewed 83 patients who had undergone canal-expansive laminoplasty for the treatment of cervical myelopathy between 1982 and 1991. The procedures used for laminoplasty were a Z-plasty in 35 patients, unilateral laminoplasty in 19, and sagittal splitting of the spinous processes in 29. At an average follow-up of more than two years and five months, there were no significant differences in clinical results among the three operations, and excellent or good results were obtained in more than 70% of the patients. However, Z-plasty was the least preferable because this procedure had the longest operating time and the greatest intraoperative blood loss. The sagittal splitting procedure is recommended in routine laminoplasty in order to avoid complications at the site of osteotomy, and to allow simultaneous posterior fusion to be easily performed.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Elevated plasma soluble interleukin 2 receptor level correlates with defective natural killer and CD8+ T-cells in myelodysplastic syndromes.

The plasma soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R) level and its relationships with haematologic and immunologic data were examined in 40 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). The plasma sIL-2R level was significantly higher in the high-risk MDS group (refractory anaemia with excess blasts (RAEB), RAEB in transformation and chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia) than in the low-risk MDS group (refractory anaemia (RA) and RA with ringed sideroblasts) or in normal subjects, although there was considerable variation in the plasma sIL-2R level within each MDS group. The plasma sIL-2R level correlated positively with the bone marrow cellularity and bone marrow blast mass, but not with the absolute number of CD25+ lymphocytes. This may support the idea that plasma sIL-2R is derived from malignant MDS cells in the bone marrow. The plasma sIL-2R level correlated negatively with the absolute numbers of the CD8+, CD3-CD16+, and CD3-CD56+ cell populations in freshly isolated lymphocytes, the percentage of CD3-CD56+ cells in lymphokine (interleukin 2)-activated killer (LAK) cells, and the cytotoxicity of LAK cells. We conclude that MDS patients having a high plasma sIL-2R level often have a defect in natural killer and CD8+ T-cells.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Immunoreactive tenascin in tumours of salivary glands: evidence for enhanced expression in tumour stroma and production by tumour cells.

Tenascin, a large molecular weight extracellular glycoprotein expressed at the epithelial-mesenchymal interface during morphogenesis in embryo, wound healing and in the stroma of various benign and malignant tumours was evaluated in a series of primary epithelial tumours of salivary glands using a monoclonal antibody. Normal salivary glands (n = 5) had linear delicate band-like immunoreactive tenascin in relatively large excretory or intralobular ducts. Pleomorphic adenomas (n = 40) had heterogeneity of expression in modified myoepithelial cell-associated myxoid, hyaline and chondroid areas. Warthin's tumours (n = 10) had a linear immunoreactivity profile of tenascin just adjacent to the basal cells of the epithelial tumour component. A heterogeneity of expression with intense to low or negative stromal immunoreactivity was observed in adenoid cystic carcinomas (n = 8), mucoepidermoid carcinomas (n = 8), epithelial-myoepithelial carcinomas (n = 4), polymorphous low-grade carcinomas (n = 3), papillary cystadenocarcinomas (n = 15) and undifferentiated carcinomas (n = 3). In addition, small cystic spaces or lumens of epithelial-lined tubulo-ductal structures in numerous salivary tumours had positive immunoreactivity for tenascin, suggesting its production by the epithelial tumour component. An enhanced expression of tenascin in salivary tumours suggests a role of this protein in the stromal remodelling and tumour growth.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1994

Spontaneous hemarthrosis of the knee in the elderly: etiology and treatment.

The etiology of spontaneous hemarthrosis of the knee in elderly patients with osteoarthritis is still unknown. This report discusses six cases, one that was managed with conservative measures and five in which arthroscopic evaluation and treatment were performed. These patients were elderly individuals whose chief complaint was knee pain and swelling about the joint, without an obvious history of trauma. Each of the five operative patients underwent arthroscopic surgery after repeated hemorrhage into the joint that did not respond to serial aspirations of large amounts of blood and immobilization, using a knee immobilizer. The roentgenograms of each involved knee demonstrated lateral compartment osteoarthritis. Arthroscopic examination revealed a degenerative flap tear of the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus in the five operative cases. These patients underwent arthroscopic resection of the injured lateral meniscus and did not experience a recurrence of the hemarthrosis. The origin of the bleeding was most likely from the peripheral arteries of the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

Assessment of therapeutic potential of interleukin 2 for myelodysplastic syndromes.

The therapeutic potential of interleukin 2 (IL-2) for myelodsplastic syndromes (MDS) was evaluated in vitro. IL-2-induced lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells were prepared from 38 MDS patients and 20 normal subjects. The cytotoxicity of LAK cells against K562 and Raji cell lines and MDS blasts was significantly reduced in high-risk MDS (refractory anaemia with excess blasts (RAEB), RAEB in transformation, and leukaemic transformation of MDS), but was relatively well-preserved in low-risk MDS (refractory anaemia (RA) and RA with ringed sideroblasts). Examination of the immunophenotypes of freshly-isolated lymphocytes showed that the percentage of CD4+ cells in low-risk MDS and the percentage of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ cell populations in high-risk MDS was significantly reduced compared with these populations in normal subjects. After cultivation with IL-2, these three cell populations were still reduced in the corresponding MDS groups and the percentage of CD3-CD56+ cells were significantly reduced in high-risk MDS. There was a positive correlation between the percentage of K562 cells lysed by MDS LAK cells and the percentage of CD3-CD56+ lymphocytes in MDS LAK cells. These aberrant lymphocyte subpopulations appeared to explain, at least in part, the reduced LAK cell cytotoxicity in MDS. These results present a possibility that IL-2 and LAK therapies are ineffective for most high-risk MDS patients, whereas they have potential value for low-risk MDS patients whose lymphocyte cytotoxicity is usually preserved.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Defective natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity does not imply clonal involvement of NK cells in myelodysplastic syndromes.

The clonality of purified cells was examined in 10 myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) patients by analysing the restriction fragment length polymorphism and methylation pattern of the phosphoglycerate-kinase gene. Natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity was also examined. The granulocytes and monocytes were monoclonal or oligoclonal in all cases, except for the monocytes in one case. Conversely, the NK and T cells had a polyclonal pattern in most cases, including all cases who had defective NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. The hypothesis that reduced NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity in MDS is caused by a clonal involvement of NK cells was not supported by the present study.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

The relationship between the sialic acid concentrations in the serum and whole saliva in rats with naturally occurring gingivitis.

Pocket probing depth was correlated with the amount of salivary sialic acid in pilocarpine-stimulated saliva in ODU plaque-susceptible rats (ODUS/Odu) (r = 0.657, P < 0.01), but not with the content of serum sialic acid. There was no difference in the amount of serum sialic acid content between ODUS/Odu and plaque-resistant rats. These results suggest that the amount of sialic acid in the saliva can be a useful index of the severity of periodontal disease.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Interferon-related bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia.

We present an unusual case of a patient with chronic hepatitis C who experienced dyspnea, fever, and cough after 2 1/2 months' treatment with interferon. His radiograph demonstrated diffuse pulmonary infiltrates and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid showed an increase in lymphocytes, especially CD8-positive cells. The lung biopsy findings were bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP). The pulmonary symptoms disappeared and the chest radiograph became normal after interferon therapy was discontinued and corticosteroid therapy was given. Interferon is suspected to be responsible for the BOOP.

Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia↗

PubMed1994

Painful bipartite patella. A new approach to operative treatment.

Thirteen patients who had fifteen painful bipartite patellae were managed with a new operative technique in which the vastus lateralis insertion to the painful patellar fragment is detached subperiosteally while the continuity of the tendon-periosteum complex to the main portion of the patella is preserved. A grossly mobile patellar fragment was removed from five patellae (three type-II and two type-III according to the classification of Saupe). A fragment that showed minimum mobility was left in situ in seven type-III and three type-II patellae. All of the patients had prompt relief of the pain and returned to full sports activity within two months after the operation. Six of the seven type-III fragments that had not been removed united by bone to the main portion of the patella within two years postoperatively, but all three type-II fragments failed to unite. Over-all, eleven patients (thirteen knees) had an excellent result at an average of five years postoperatively.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

[Intra-arterial combination chemotherapy using both regimen selected by chemosensitivity test and caffeine to increase effect for osteosarcoma in extremity].

We treated three patients with osteosarcoma in extremity with intra-arterial combination chemotherapy using a regimen selected by succinate dehydrogenase inhibition chemosensitivity test, and used caffeine to enhance its effect. In two patients with osteosarcoma in distal diametaphysis of the radius and extraskeletal osteosarcoma in sole of the foot, the effect of intra-arterial combination chemotherapy was increased and followed by the functional limb salvage procedure. But in one patient with osteosarcoma in the proximal tibia, the effect of pre-operative intra-arterial combination chemotherapy could not be increased, so amputation was required. He was changed to a post-operative intra-venous combination chemotherapy regimen selected by chemosensitivity test of the surgical material. All patients have been continuously disease-free at five to twelve months after surgery.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Aplastic anemia with circulating erythroblasts.

Since the presence of erythroblasts (Ebl) in the peripheral blood of patients suspected to have aplastic anemia (AA) has been thought to suggest an error in diagnosis, such patients may not receive appropriate therapy promptly, with potentially fatal results. However, we recently experienced patients who had the typical features of AA except for circulating Ebl, and responded well to therapy for AA. In this study, we examined 55 untreated AA patients for the presence of circulating Ebl. Seven patients (12.7%) had circulating Ebl (at least one Ebl per 200 leukocytes counted). These seven patients showed the typical features of AA. There were no significant differences in age or hematologic parameters, including the morphology of bone marrow Ebl, between the AA patients having circulating Ebl (Ebl(+) AA) and the AA patients without Ebl. All but one of the Ebl(+) AA patients responded well to the therapy for AA. During 12.0-110.4 months of follow-up, transformation to other diseases did not occur, and all seven patients were alive. We conclude that circulating Ebl are not rare in patients who have otherwise typical features of AA, and that if such Ebl(+) AA patients are severely cytopenic, they should receive treatment for AA without delay.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Amyloid bone cysts of the femoral neck. Impending fractures treated by curettage and bone grafting.

We performed curettage and bone grafting of amyloid cysts of the femoral neck in five patients on long-term haemodialysis. All had had hip pain on weight-bearing. The duration of haemodialysis before the operation averaged 15 years and the average age of the patients was 53 years. All the large cystic lesions were located in the anterosuperior quadrant of the femoral neck. At operation, they were found to consist of fibrous tissue containing amyloid deposits. Postoperatively, all five patients had painless hips and the grafts had incorporated into the bone defects.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Anatomic considerations of the peroneal nerve for division of the fibula during high tibial osteotomy.

Twenty legs in 10 cadavers were dissected to determine the course of the deep peroneal nerve from its origin to its termination. Particular attention was paid to defining: (1) its relationship to palpable landmarks, (2) the angle of the course of its proximal portion against the long axis of the fibula, (3) distribution of the proximal branch to the extensor hallucis longus muscle, and (4) safe areas of osteotomy in the proximal fibula during high tibial osteotomy. The extensor hallucis longus was often supplied by only one branch from the deep peroneal nerve at 99.8 mm (31.7%) distally from the apex of the fibula; this seems to explain why osteotomy of the fibula at its proximal one third often causes paralysis of this muscle. The findings suggest that safe areas for osteotomy in the proximal fibula during high tibial osteotomy are located up to 20.5 mm (6.5%) distal to the tip of the fibular head and that the safe angle of a periosteal incision against the fibular neck area is 64.1 degrees.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

[Recombinant human erythropoietin (KRN5702) therapy for autologous blood transfusion in patients with rheumatoid arthritis undergoing joint replacement surgery--a multicenter phase II clinical trial].

In order to evaluate the effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) on autologous blood transfusion in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we performed a phase II clinical trial in 65 RA patients undergoing elective surgery. rHuEPO was administered subcutaneously once a week and after observing erythropoiesis, autologous blood was collected. Fifty-seven of the 58 patients who completed treatment responded to rHuEPO and could donate more than 400 ml of autologous blood. Among them, 23 out of 28 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty, 27 out of 28 undergoing total knee arthroplasty and 1 out of 1 undergoing spinal surgery did not need homologous blood transfusion perioperatively. During rHuEPO treatment, no significant changes of clinical parameters of RA activity were observed. Two patients discontinued the treatment because of mild and transient side effects. These results indicate that subcutaneous rHuEPO is safe and effective in eliminate the need for homologous blood transfusion, even in anemic RA patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Identification of a 68 kd surface antigen of Mycobacterium avium that binds to human macrophages.

Infection caused by Mycobacterium avium is the major cause of bacteremia in patients with AIDS. A critical event in the initiation of a variety of bacterial infections is the adherence of bacteria to host cell surfaces, which is often brought about by the interaction of specific molecules on the bacterial surface with host cell surface receptors. In the present study, a sonicate of M. avium was used to isolate monocyte-binding proteins by affinity chromatography with CNBr-Sepharose-4B coupled to extracts of monocytes. A 68 kd protein present on the surface of M. avium was identified as one of nine monocyte-binding proteins. This protein was isolated and further characterized. The N-terminal amino acid sequence (22 residues) of the protein was determined and was found to exhibit strong homology with the 65 kd heat shock proteins of M. tuberculosis, M. leprae, and M. bovis. However, a previously characterized monoclonal antibody directed against a 66 kd antigen of M. avium was found to cross-react with the 68 kd protein from M. avium but not with the 65 kd proteins from M. leprae and M. bovis, suggesting that the 68 kd antigen may differ from the 65 kd proteins of M. leprae and M. bovis with respect to certain epitopes. In an in vitro inhibition assay, the 68 kd protein was found to compete with the attachment of intact fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled M. avium to monocyte-derived macrophages, inhibiting this attachment in a dose-dependent manner up to 42%. The 65 kd proteins of M. leprae and M. bovis, on the other hand, did not appear to inhibit this attachment substantially (13.9% and 14.6%, respectively). These results suggest that the 68 kd protein of M. avium may be involved in binding to receptors on macrophages and help in the attachment of the organism to its host cell.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1994

[Talcosis].

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Aged↗

PubMed1994

Hip arthroplasty in haemodialysis patients.

We retrospectively reviewed 17 hip arthroplasties in 15 patients having haemodialysis for chronic renal failure. The duration of haemodialysis before the operation averaged 8.6 years and the average age of the patients was 61 years. All patients were followed for more than two years (mean 4.6 years). Six arthroplasties in four patients had failed due to loosening, and one of these patients died from undiagnosed infection of both hips at 7.6 years after the operation. General skeletal abnormalities caused by maintenance haemodialysis may explain the high incidence of loosening and it is important to be aware of the danger of postoperative infection. The risk-to-benefit ratio of hip arthroplasty is high in patients on haemodialysis.

Adult↗