Biomedical subjects

K Noguchi

Publications and source records attributed to K Noguchi.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources

PubMed1991

Cisplatin treatment renders tumor cells more susceptible to attack by lymphokine-activated killer cells.

We investigated whether tumor cell lysis by lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells was enhanced by treatment of the tumor cells with cisplatin (CDDP) in vitro. Tumor cells were treated with CDDP in vitro, and the cytotoxic activity for LAK cells was measured by 4-h 51Cr-release assay. The alterations of succinate dehydrogenase (SD) activity, and DNA,RNA synthesis of tumor cells were analysed. The susceptibility of CDDP-treated (2 micrograms/ml, 2h) Daudi and KATO-III cells to lysis by short term-cultured LAK cells was enhanced, as was the susceptibility of CDDP-treated (2 micrograms/ml, 12h) autologous tumor and Daudi cells to lysis by long term-cultured LAK cells. SD activity and DNA synthesis in tumor cells were impaired by 12-h treatment with 2 micrograms/ml of CDDP, whereas those were not altered by 2-h treatment with 2 micrograms/ml of CDDP. The enhancement of the susceptibility of CDDP-treated tumor cells to long term-cultured LAK cells was thus elucidated; it was shown to be due to alterations of the tumor cells with regard to their SD activity and DNA synthesis. It is suggested that the combined therapy with CDDP and LAK cells offers hope for increasing the response rate and the long-term survival of cancer patients.

Cisplatin↗

PubMed1991

Cardiac effects of beta-2 adrenoceptor stimulation with intracoronary procaterol in the absence and presence of regional myocardial ischemia in dogs.

To evaluate consequences of cardiac beta-2 adrenoceptor stimulation on coronary hemodynamics and regional myocardial function assessed by sonomicrometry in the normal and regionally ischemic heart, the effects of administration of procaterol, a selective beta-2 adrenoceptor agonist, into the left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) were examined in the absence and presence of a stenosis of the LCX in anesthetized open-chest dogs. The stenosis of the LCX was made sufficient to decrease percent segment shortening in the LCX-perfused region to around 2 to 3%. When coronary stenosis was absent, intracoronary infusion of procaterol (6.7 ng/min for 15 min) produced significant increases in LCX flow and myocardial segment shortening in the infused region without changes in global hemodynamics. During coronary stenosis, on the contrary, intracoronary procaterol at the same dose significantly deteriorated regional myocardial dysfunction without changing LCX flow, global hemodynamics and cardiac lactate metabolism. These changes induced by procaterol were not observed in the dogs treated with a selective beta-2 antagonist, erythro-(+/-)-1-(7-methylindan-4-yloxy)-3-isopropylaminob utan-2-ol. These results suggest the presence of functional beta-2 adrenoceptors in the canine heart both with and without myocardial ischemia.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗

PubMed1991

[A case report of surgical treatment of acute aortic dissection (DeBakey III B) in association with thoracic aortic aneurysm].

This is a case report of 63-year-old man suffering from DeBakey III B acute dissection in association with thoracic aortic aneurysm. He had been following up for hypertension and thoracic aortic aneurysm. He was brought to the hospital by city ambulance complaining of sudden onset of severe back pain. Emergency operation was carried out. It revealed aneurysm of 90 mm in diameter located just distal to the aortic arch and an intimal tear or entry of the dissection located distal to the left subclavian artery. A low porosity Dacron graft was interposed between the distal aortic arch and middle portion of the thoracic descending aorta using inclusion technique. Systemic circulation was bypassing external iliac vein to artery using pump-oxygenator during aortic clamping. His postoperative course was uneventful. In review of the literature, association of the atherosclerotic aneurysm and acute dissection occurred approximately 5% in the cases of aortic dissection with increasing risk of aneurysmal rupture.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1991

Long-term bone marrow failure accompanied by skin pigmentation.

A rare case of long-term bone marrow failure with skin pigmentation is presented. The patient was a female with a long history of anemia and skin pigmentation since childhood, although she had no malformations nor chromosomal abnormalities. Hematological improvement has been maintained by the administration of prednisolone. This case may differ from other disorders known as congenital aplastic anemia.

Addison Disease↗

PubMed1991

Pharmacological properties of 5-[(6,7,8-trimethoxy-4-quinazolinyl) amino]-1-pentanyl nitrate maleate in cardiovascular system.

Effects of 5-[6,7,8-trimethoxy-4-quinazolinyl)amino]-1-pentanyl nitrate maleate (KT-1, CAS 47487-05-8), whose chemical structure has both a prazosin and a nitrate moiety, on cardiovascular system were investigated in in vivo and in vitro experiments. KT-1 i.v. decreased aortic pressure, renal blood flow, left ventricular enddiastolic pressure and resistances of total peripheral, vertebral, coronary and renal vasculatures and increased aortic blood flow, vertebral blood flow, coronary blood flow, peak positive left ventricular dP/dt and heart rate in anesthetized open-chest dogs. These cardiovascular effects of KT-1 were similar to those of glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin, GTN). Nitrate-deleted KT-1 from its chemical structure (denitro KT-1) equimolar to KT-1 produced no marked changes in these cardiovascular parameters, but 3 or 10 times large doses of denitro KT-1 showed relatively long persisting vasodilator effects. In isolated dog coronary artery preparations contracted with KCl, the order of relaxant potency was GTN greater than KT-1 greater than denitro KT-1. In isolated dog mesenteric artery preparations, phenylephrine produced concentration-dependent contractions which were significantly inhibited by prazosin and KT-1 but not by denitro KT-1. In anesthetized open-chest dogs, phenylephrine produced pressor responses which were significantly inhibited by KT-1 but not by GTN or denitro KT-1. In isolated rat thoracic aorta strips, in contrast to GTN, KT-1 hardly developed a tachyphylaxis. Thus, KT-1 showed cardiovascular effects similar to those of both nitrates and a1-adrenoceptor blocking agents with no development of a tachyphylaxis.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

[A case of dumbbell type extradural spinal meningioma].

We reported a case of dumbbell type extradural spinal meningioma. The patient was a 45-year-old female. An abnormal shadow in the right middle lung field was pointed out in a mass survey. We recognized a dumbbell type tumor in the posterior mediastinum by chest CT and MRI. The tumor invaded the intervertebral canal through the spinal foramen. Operation was performed firstly with a longitudinal skin incision of the back and Th 6 laminectomy in a prone and secondly with a right posterolateral thoracotomy in a left lateral position. The dumbbell type tumor was completely removed by this operation. The pathological diagnosis was meningioma. The postoperative course was good.

Dura Mater↗

PubMed1991

[A case report of emergency surgical repair of traumatic transection of thoracic descending aorta].

The injury to the thoracic aorta caused by blunt chest trauma is often fatal. This case is 22-year-old male suffering from transection of the thoracic descending aorta caused by traffic accident. He was transported to our emergency room by an ambulance 15 minutes after the accident. Hundred fifty minutes after arrival to the hospital, we were rush to bring him to the operation theater suspecting serious injury of the thoracic organs in association with left hemothorax. The left standard thoracotomy disclosed the injury of the thoracic descending aorta. Simple cross clamp was applied to the thoracic descending aorta distal to the left subclavian artery for 20 minutes. Completely transected aorta was reapproximated using monofilament 3-0 polypropylene sutures with running manner. He tolerated the procedure well without any complication. His postoperative course was uneventful. He was followed up at the orthopedic department for associated hip fracture thereafter.

Accidents, Traffic↗

PubMed1991

[Supravalvular aortic stenosis syndrome with advanced mitral regurgitation requiring extended aortoplasty and mitral valve replacement: a case report].

This is a case report of a 28-year-old male, suffering from supravalvular aortic stenosis (systolic pressure gradient 60 mmHg) and severe mitral regurgitation associated with elfin face and mental retardation. Severely prolapsed mitral valve with elongated chordae tendineae was replaced with Björk-Shiley mitral valve prosthesis. Simultaneously, extended aortoplasty was carried out using Doty's method. His postoperative course was uneventful. Catheterization study, carried on one month after surgery, revealed complete disappearance of supravalvular aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation. In review of the literature, as far as we know, report of successful combined correction for supravalvular aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation is extremely rare.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

The differential expression patterns of the mRNAs encoding beta subunits (beta 1, beta 2 and beta 3) of GABAA receptor in the olfactory bulb and its related areas in the rat brain.

The expression of mRNAs encoding different beta subunits (beta 1, beta 2 and beta 3) of GABAA receptor in the rat olfactory bulb and some of its related areas was investigated by in situ hybridization histochemistry. The beta 3 subunit mRNA was expressed in most of the cells in these regions such as periglomerular cells, tufted cells, mitral cells and granule cells in olfactory bulb, and the cells in anterior olfactory nucleus, piriform cortex and olfactory tubercle. However, only several kinds of these cells contained beta 2 subunit mRNA such as tufted cells and mitral cells of olfactory bulb, and the cells in anterior olfactory nucleus and piriform cortex. The beta 1 subunit mRNA was only detected in the mitral cells of olfactory bulb.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Inhibition of biological actions of big endothelin-1 by phosphoramidon.

Endothelin (ET)-1 and big ET-1 both caused contraction of isolated porcine coronary arteries, but the potency of big ET-1 was 1/100-1/200 that of ET-1. These responses were independent of the vascular endothelium. Phosphoramidon blocked the vasoconstriction caused by 30 nM big ET-1, but was ineffective on the action of 0.3 nM ET-1. Also in vivo, phosphoramidon had no effect on the ET-1-induced pressor actions, but blocked the pressor and airway-contractile responses to big ET-1 in rats and/or guinea pigs. Thus, it is likely that the vascular responses to exogenous big ET-1 are at least in part due to its conversion to ET-1 by a phosphoramidon-sensitive ET converting enzyme(s) in the vascular smooth muscle in vitro and in vivo.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Slalom chromatography: size-dependent separation of DNA molecules by a hydrodynamic phenomenon.

Slalom chromatography, a size-dependent DNA fractionation method based on a new principle [Hirabayashi, J., & Kasai, K. (1989) Anal. Biochem. 178, 336-341], was systematically studied in detail. In this method, larger DNA fragments are eluted much later than smaller ones from columns packed with spherical microbeads. Elution of a series of DNA fragments was systematically examined by using columns packed with polymer-based packings of different diameter and different pore size for high-performance gel permeation chromatography. Packings of smaller diameter proved to be superior for resolving the smaller size range of DNA, while the reverse was the case for larger DNAs. Application of a faster flow rate led to larger retardation of every DNA fragment, while at the lowest flow rate applied (0.067 cm/min), all the fragments were eluted almost at the void volume. When the column temperature was lowered, retardation of DNA became larger. On the other hand, differences in the chemical nature and the pore size of packings, or in the hydrophobicity of the eluting solvent, had little effect on DNA retardation. Size-dependent fractionation of DNA was also achieved even on columns packed with nonporous packings having anionic groups (cation exchangers). In conclusion, these results confirmed the previous conclusion that slalom chromatography is not based on an adsorption or equilibrium phenomenon but should be attributed to a hydrodynamic phenomenon.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Determination of free catecholamines in human urine by direct injection of urine into a liquid chromatographic column-switching system with fluorimetric detection.

An ion-exchange chromatographic method combined with ion exclusion was developed for the determination of free catecholamines in human urine. Catecholamines were separated by ion exclusion from most acidic and neutral impurities by filtration through an anion-exchange column with a hydrophilic matrix (Asahipak ES-502N) and the excluded catecholamines were separated by ion-exchange chromatography on a column of weakly acidic ion exchanger with a hydrophilic matrix (Asahipak ES-502C), connected in series to the Asahipak ES-502N column with a four-way automatic valve. A sodium succinate-borate buffer of pH 6.7 (0.035 mol of succinic acid, 0.0075 mol of borate and 0.5 mmol of ethylenediaminetetraacetate were dissolved in 1 kg of water and the pH of the solution was adjusted to 6.7 with sodium hydroxide) was used as the mobile phase, and the temperature of both columns was kept at 30 degrees C. The catecholamines in the eluate were determined fluorimetrically by post-column derivatization with glycylglycine. A diluted urine sample was injected directly onto the first column. The first column was back-flushed with the mobile phase for 52.5 min after the elution of the catecholamines from the first to the second column. Then the columns were washed with the mobile phase for 10 min in the normal direction before the next sample was injected into the first column. Samples could be analysed every 70 min and 5 pmol/ml of epinephrine, 5 pmol/ml of norepinephrine and 25 pmol/ml of dopamine in human urine could be determined.

Catecholamines↗

PubMed1990

Different ontogenetic profiles of cells expressing prepro-neurotensin/neuromedin N mRNA in the rat posterior cingulate cortex and the hippocampal formation.

The ontogeny of the expression of prepro-neurotensin/neuromedin N messenger RNA (prepro-NT/NN mRNA) in the rat posterior cingulate cortex (retrosplenial cortex) and the hippocampal formation was investigated using in situ hybridization histochemistry. In the primordium of the posterior cingulate cortex and the hippocampal formation, prepro-NT/NN mRNA was first expressed on embryonic day 17, and was found in the subiculum, layers II-III in areas 29a and 29b, and layer VI in the posterior cingulate cortex at birth. Expression was also observed in the CA1 field. In the adult rat, the expression of prepro-NT/NN mRNA was reduced in the posterior cingulate cortex, and only a few positive cells were seen here. However, the CA1 field and the subiculum still contained numerous positive cells.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Peptide behaviour and analysis on a chemically stable C18-bonded vinyl alcohol copolymer column with alkaline and acidic eluents.

C18-bonded vinyl alcohol copolymer (ODP) gel showed no weight loss or decrease in column efficiency for alkyl alcohols after being immersed in aqueous solutions of pH 2 and 10 at 50 degrees C for 48 h, and only a 1% weight loss and a slight decrease in alkyl alcohol retention volumes after similar immersion at pH 13. The chemical stability of the ODP gel was further demonstrated in analyses of acidic, neutral and basic peptides on an ODP column with eluents of pH 3-10, which showed that the peptides differ considerably in the sensitivity of their retention behaviour to eluent pH, even though hydrophobic interaction invariably appeared to be the main retention mechanism. The ODP column was therefore applied to the analysis and alignment of lysilendopeptidase (LEP) peptides derived from reduced and S-carboxymethylated carboxyl proteinase (Rcm-P-CP) of Pseudomonas sp. 101. One acid-soluble and seven alkaline-soluble LEP peaks were found in analyses on the ODP column using acidic and alkaline eluents, respectively. The chymotryptic peptides of Rcm-P-CP were first separated on an ODS column with an acidic eluent, and the eight eluates which contained lysine residue, as determined by amino acid analysis, were then analysed on the ODP column with an alkaline eluent, resulting in a further separation of each into several peaks and thus in the recovery of fractions of pure peptides. The LEP peptide alignment was then determined by overlapping the sequences of the chymotryptic peptides with the C- and N-terminal regions of the LEP peptides.

Chromatography↗

PubMed1990

Postnatal development of preproenkephalin mRNA containing neurons in the rat lower brainstem.

Postnatal developmental changes of preproenkephalin (PPE) gene expression in rat brainstem neurons were studied by in situ hybridization histochemistry. On the basis of PPE mRNA expression, brainstem neurons were categorized into three types: 1) type I neurons were characterized by constant or increasing expression of PPE mRNA during postnatal development; 2) type II neurons started to express PPE mRNA several days after birth and continued to do so thereafter; and 3) type III neurons showed transient expression of PPE mRNA or stopped expressing the mRNA during early postnatal development. Type I PPE neurons were observed in diverse brainstem structures including the mesencephalic and pontine central gray matter, various reticular and raphe nuclei, the ventral tegmental area of Tsai, the interpeduncular nucleus, the nucleus of the brachium of the inferior colliculus, the ventral and dorsal tegmental nuclei of Gudden, the sphenoid nucleus, the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus, Barrington's nucleus, the parabrachial region, the lateral lemniscus and its related nuclei, the trapezoid nucleus, the rostral and ventromedial periolivary nuclei, the mesencephalic trigeminal and principal sensory trigeminal nuclei, the locus coeruleus, the subcoeruleus nucleus, the medial and spinal vestibular nuclei, the dorsal and ventral cochlear nuclei, the medial and lateral cerebellar nuclei, the Roller nucleus, and the intermedius nucleus of the medulla. Type II PPE neurons were found in the superior colliculus, the inferior colliculus, the central part of the dorsal tegmental nucleus, and as Golgi neurons in the granular layer of the cerebellum. Type III PPE neurons were located in the substantia nigra, the red nucleus, the superior olive, the motor trigeminal nucleus, the facial nucleus, the inferior olive, the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, and the hypoglossal nucleus. Such region-specific expression of the PPE gene during postnatal ontogeny suggests that rat brainstem PPE neurons may be involved in a variety of developmental events, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration.

Aging↗

PubMed1990

Co-expression of alpha-CGRP and beta-CGRP mRNAs in the rat dorsal root ganglion cells.

We examined the expression of alpha-calcitonin gene-related peptide (alpha-CGRP) and beta-CGRP mRNAs in the rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) using in situ hybridization histochemistry with oligonucleotide probes. Analysis of autoradiograms showed that alpha-CGRP mRNA labeled 36.4% of all DRG neurons and beta-CGRP mRNA labeled 30.8%. Small and medium-sized neurons expressed both types of mRNA, but large neurons showed a predominance of alpha-CGRP mRNA expression. The colocalization of alpha-CGRP and beta-CGRP mRNAs was shown at a cellular level in consecutive DRG sections. Thus, we demonstrated that alpha-CGRP and beta-CGRP were distributed differently in the DRG neurons, although genes coding for these neuropeptides coexist in the small or medium-sized neurons.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Alpha-CGRP and beta-CGRP mRNAs are differentially regulated in the rat spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion.

We found an increase in calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-like immunoreactivity in motoneurons of rat spinal cord after peripheral axotomy. By means of in situ hybridization histochemistry and Northern blotting, we further demonstrated that this increase was the result of increased levels of alpha-CGRP mRNA, not beta-CGRP mRNA. The increased level of alpha-CGRP mRNA was maintained for at least 5 weeks, and was present on both sides. In addition, alpha-CGRP and beta-CGRP mRNAs had different distributions from each other in the dorsal root ganglia and levels of both were decreased after axotomy. These results indicate that alpha-CGRP and beta-CGRP are regulated independently and have different roles in the motor and sensory systems of the spinal cord.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Synthesis of peptides related to immunoglobulin E (IgE) and the examination of their pharmacological activity.

Five kinds of oligopeptides H-Asp-Ser-Asp-OH (1), H-Asp-Gly-Lys-OH (2), H-Ser-Asp-Gly-Lys-OH (3), H-Asp-Ser-Asp-Gly-Lys-OH (4), and H-Ala-Asp-Ser-Asp-Gly-Lys-OH (5) related to immunoglobulin E (IgE) were synthesized by the conventional solution method with the objective of obtaining a new type of antiallergic agent. Their pharmacological activity was examined by measuring the inhibition of the production of IgE and relaxation of the smooth muscle contraction of rabbit aorta. H-Ala-Asp-Ser-Asp-Gly-Lys-OH (5) displayed potent inhibition against the production of IgE antibody (69.6%) and relaxation against the contraction of rabbit aorta.

Amino Acid Sequence↗