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Biomedical subjects

K Nishimura

Publications and source records attributed to K Nishimura.

At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[A case of a tumor of the spermatic cord metastatic from cecal cancer].

A 71-year-old man was admitted with the complaint of painless tumor in the right inguinal region, one month after right hemicolectomy for cecal cancer. The tumor seemed to exist in the right spermatic cord, so right radical orchiectomy was done. A tumor was found in the right spermatic cord, but the right spermatic duct, right epididymis and right testicle were intact. Histopathological examination of the tumor revealed metastatic adenocarcinoma from the cecal cancer. Twenty cases of metastatic tumors of the spermatic cord from the gastrointestinal cancers have been reported in Japan including this case.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Effects of surfactants on the aqueous stability and solubility of beta-lactam antibiotics.

Studies were undertaken to elucidate the interaction between beta-lactam antibiotics and surfactant micelles and to examine the effects of surfactants on their aqueous stability and solubility. The apparent binding constant of the micelle-antibiotic complex was determined as a function of the solution pH at 37 degrees and mu = 0.15 by the dynamic dialysis method and hydrolysis study. In the interaction with nonionic and anionic micelles of polyoxyethylene-23-lauryl ether (I) and sodium lauryl sulfate (II), large differences were noted in the binding constants between the undissociated and ionized species of penicillins. However, the cationic surfactants, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (III), showed no significant difference in the binding constants for both species. Acid degradation of penicillins was protected in micellar solutions of I and III but was facilitated in micelles of II. The surfactants exerted no influence on the neutral degradation of the antibiotics used. The solubilization of penicillin V acid by micelles of I was studied at pH 2.0 and 35 degrees. The solubility increased threefold in the presence of 10 mM I.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1982

Developmental profiles of glycolipids in mouse small intestine.

The major gangliosides were isolated from small intestine of 2-week-old mice of C3H/He strain and identified as GM3, GM1, and GD1a. These gangliosides characteristically contained a phytosphingosine moiety and alpha-hydroxy fatty acids. The gangliosides contained both N-glycolylneuraminic acid and N-acetylneuraminic acid. Gangliosides GM3, GM1, and GD1a contents increased in mouse small intestine during the suckling period, and decreased after weaning. In contrast, neutral glycosphingolipids appeared after weaning, except for monohexosyl ceramide, which was present at a fairly constant level throughout postnatal life. The same results were obtained with mice of other strains and germ-free ICR mice, although such changes could not be observed in rats. These observations indicate that the developmental change in the composition of glycosphingolipids occurs in a species-specific manner.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The interrelation between high- and low-molecular-weight forms of GM1-beta-galactosidase purified from porcine spleen.

1) Two forms of acid beta-galactosidase [EC 3.1.23] with different molecular weights catalyzing the hydrolysis of GM1-ganglioside and p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactoside were separated and purified from porcine spleen. 2) The apparent molecular weights were 400,000-600,000 and 70,000-74,000 for the high (termed Am form) and low (termed A1 form) molecular weight forms, respectively. 3) On examination by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, both forms of the enzyme had a common protein band of molecular weight 63,000, and the Am form showed three additional protein bands with molecular weights of 31,000, 21,000, and 20,000. 4) Both forms of the enzyme had similar catalytic functions with regard to pH-optimum, Km, substrate specificity and sensitivity to substrate analogues and other substances such as detergents, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and NaCl. 5) Both forms of the enzyme were fairly stable upon preincubation at 45 degrees C at acidic pH (pH 4.5), but lost their activities at neutral pH (pH 7.0). 6) The A1 form was a monomer at neutral pH (pH 7.0) and formed a dimer at acidic pH (pH 4.5). However, most of the Am form could not be converted to a dimeric form on gel filtration at acidic pH.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Is captopril effective in primary pulmonary hypertension?

Several vasodilating agents have been used for the treatment of primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH). However, no effective therapy is currently available for this distressful disease. We tried to use an angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, for one woman suffering from PPH. Her initial treatment with furosemide, digoxin and spironolactone had shown little effect. Further administration of captopril improved her clinical condition from NYHA IV to II and made it possible to treat her at our out-clinic. No adverse effect has been found. We would like to appreciate captopril as one of the effective drugs in the treatment of PPH.

Captopril↗
PubMed1982

Increased urinary excretion of angiotensin converting enzyme in patients with renal diseases.

We measured the activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ED 3.4.15.1) in urine samples from normal subjects and patients with nephrotic syndrome and chronic glomerulonephritis. Urinary excretion of angiotensin converting enzyme in patients with nephrotic syndrome (1.58 +/- 0.50 (SD) units/day; n = 15) and chronic glomerulonephritis (1.01 +/- 0.45 units/day; n = 12) was significantly increased compared with normal subjects (0.38 +/- 0.10 units/day; n = 18). It was demonstrated that a high molecular weight form of the enzyme (more than 400000) was mainly excreted in urines from patients with nephrotic syndrome. After trypsin treatment, this form was altered to a low molecular weight form (290000). These two different forms of urinary angiotensin converting enzyme were compared with the enzyme purified from human kidney, and found to be identical with respect to Km values (2 mmol/l), pH optimum (pH 8.3), chloride ion dependency (0.8 mol/l), inhibitory effect of captopril (I50, 21 nmol/l), and behavior towards antiserum to human kidney angiotensin converting enzyme.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Cross-sectional echocardiographic study on atrial septal defect: pre- and postoperative considerations.

The interatrial septum (IAS) has not been readily appreciated by M-mode echocardiography, but cross-sectional echocardiography has the capability of recording the shape and location of the IAS. Thirty-five patients with secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) were studied with cross-sectional echocardiography for detection of the ASD defect and demonstration of the IAS features following ASD closure. The ASD was shown as an echo dropout at the mid-portion of the septum in those patients examined in the present study in the horizontal cross-sections at the fourth intercostal space. The edge of the remaining IAS sharply demarcated and the defect was constantly demonstrated. In the postoperative patients, the IAS was recognized as a smooth series of echoes and the defect was no longer recognized. A notch echo was demonstrated in patients who underwent direct suture of the defect, and two notch echoes were recorded in patients who had a patch closure from a cardiac operation. The size of the defect at cardiac operation ranged from 1.5 to 5.0 cm with an average of 3.3 +/- 0.2 cm. The defect was slightly smaller on cross-sectional echocardiograms than at the time of operation. As the defect grew larger, the right ventricular dimension and the Qp/Qs became larger as well. Postoperatively, the right ventricular dimension was remarkably decreased, and the paradoxical movement of the interventricular septum (IVS) was normalized in the majority of the patients. Cross-sectional echocardiography is useful to diagnose ASD, to measure the size of the IAS defect, and to follow the clinical course.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Antihypertensive and diuretic effects of indapamide in normotensive and hypertensive rats (author's transl)].

Antihypertensive and diuretic actions of indapamide (SE-1520) were investigated in rats and compared with those of trichlormethiazide (TCMT). In normotensive rats, indapamide in a dose of 100 mg/kg p.o. did not show a significant effect on the blood pressure. In DOCA-saline and uni-nephrectomized DOCA-saline hypertensive rats, indapamide above 1 mg/kg and TCMT above 3 mg/kg with single oral or repetitive administration for 2 weeks reduced the blood pressure level. In spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), both indapamide and TCMT lowered the blood pressure with single doses above 10 mg/kg or repetitive doses above 3 and 10 mg/kg, respectively. In the diuretic test using normal rats, indapamide in doses ranging from 0.1 to 30 mg/kg increased urine volume and urinary electrolyte excretion. TCMT showed a more potent diuretic action at a lower dose level. In SHR, indapamide and TCMT produced a greater urine volume and electrolytes excretion. Indapamide inhibited the carbonic anhydrase activity and the potency was about 1/25 of that of acetazolamide in vitro. The antihypertensive activity of indapamide was more potent than that of TCMT and the reverse order to that of their diuretic potencies. It is suggested that the mechanism of antihypertensive effect of indapamide is different from that of TCMT.

Animals↗