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Biomedical subjects

K Nishida

Publications and source records attributed to K Nishida.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Serological analysis of cell surface antigens of null cell acute lymphocytic leukemia by mouse monoclonal antibodies.

Nine antigens systems were defined. Two were related to HLA-A,B,C and to Ia-like antigens; the others could be grouped into three categories. (i) NL-22, NL-1: NL-22 antibody reacted with leukemia cells from 12 to 16 cases of null cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (null-ALL) but not with any other type of leukemia tested or with lymphoid cells of various origins. Among cultured cell lines tested, one (NALM-6) of three null-ALL cell lines was positive, the others were negative. Absorption analysis confirmed the restriction of NL-22 antigen to null-ALL. NL-1 antibody was reactive with leukemia cells from 10 to 16 cases of null-ALL and 3 of 6 cases of chronic myelocytic leukemia in blastic crisis (CML-BC). The antigen was present also on a minor population of normal lymphoid cells. The distribution and molecular weight (100,000; glycoprotein) of the NL-1 antigen resembled that of the previously described common ALL antigen (cALL). (ii) NL-30, NL-4: Both antibodies exhibited almost identical patterns of reactivities against cultured cell lines tested. They reacted with leukemia cells from some cases of null-ALL, adult T-cell leukemia, and CML-BC, although they showed discordance in their reactivities against a panel of leukemia cells, (iii) NL-9, NL-8, NL-25: These three antibodies detect serologically distinguishable determinants on a broad range of leukemias and normal lymphoid and hematopoietic cell types. The antibodies analyzed in this study provide evidence for the heterogeneity of null-ALL by demonstrating a variety of antigen phenotypes on leukemia cells. One of the antigens (NL-22) appears to be restricted to null-ALL.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Non-IgG1 nature of cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity factor in contact sensitivity.

Cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity (CBH)-inducing factor was demonstrated in immune sera obtained from dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-sensitized animals 2 weeks after sensitization (DNP-GPS-2W). It showed hapten specificity and worked dose dependently. It was fractionated into a non-gamma-globulin fraction by Sephadex G-150 gel filtration following ammonium sulfate desalting and CM-cellulose chromatography. The factor was eluted into a fraction of a little smaller molecular weight than bovine serum albumin on Sephadex G-150 gel filtration. It passed through an antiguinea pig IgG1 column and was absorbed to a DNP-BGG column. On SDS-PAGE it failed to show any staining band because of low protein concentration. From these results CBH factor appearing in circulation in contact-sensitized animals was thought to be a somewhat different molecule from that of Askenase's factor, i.e. IgG1 antibody.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Rapid isolation and lipid characterization of plasma membranes from normal and malignant lymphoid cells of mouse.

A rapid isolation method was developed for plasma membranes from mouse lymphoid cells such as lymph node lymphocytes, thymocytes, radiation-induced thymoma cells and L1210 cells. Lysates of these lymphoid cells were prepared by Dounce homogenization under hypotonic conditions and directly layered on sucrose step density gradients containing 2 mM CaCl2 and 5 mM MgCl2, and centrifuged at 52 000 X g for 1 h. Plasma membrane fractions appeared at the interface between 20 and 42% sucrose in the gradients. The procedure permitted purified membranes from cells to be obtained within 3 h, and the preparations appeared to be uniform by electron microscopy. Specific activities of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase and 5'-nucleotidase of the isolated plasma membranes were enriched 23- to 61-fold, 12- to 15-fold and 18- to 34-fold, respectively, in comparison with those of the corresponding cell homogenates. Cholesterol content of the malignant cell membranes was lower than that of the normal membranes and the molar ratio of cholesterol to phospholipid of the malignant cell membranes was also lower than that of the normal membranes. A decreased plasmalogen content was observed in the malignant plasma membranes, together with a higher percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine and a lower percentage of phosphatidylserine. In the normal cell membranes, thymocytes contained a higher percentage of phosphatidylcholine and a lower percentage of sphingomyelin than those of the lymph node lymphocytes. At all temperature ranges (5 to 40 degrees C) the plasma membranes of the malignant cells had lower microviscosity than those of the normal cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Cells capable of uptake of horseradish peroxidase in some circumventricular organs of the cat and rat.

The structure of mesenchymal cells distributed in some of the "hypendymal organs" of the circumventricular system in the cat and rat was demonstrated after intravenous injection of high doses of horseradish peroxidase. These cellular elements were observed in the vicinity of blood vessels of the organon vasculosum laminae terminalis, subfornical organ and area postrema. Electron-microscopically, these cells located between the basal laminae of the brain parenchyma and the blood capillaries show long cellular processes encircling fenestrated capillaries. Light- and electron-microscopic examination revealed that this cell type is identical with the "horseradish peroxidase-uptake cells,", previously reported in the vicinity of the hypophysial portal system. Such phagocytic cells may be considered as a cellular component intervening between the brain parenchyma and the blood stream, playing a role in selective barrier functions in the above-mentioned circumventricular organs where a blood-brain barrier in the classical sense of the definition is lacking.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The protection of coenzyme Q10 against carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity.

It has been suggested that lipid peroxidation is an important factor in the pathogenesis of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) hepatotoxicity. In the present study, experimental liver injury induced by CCl4 could be inhibited by Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and in spite of exposure to CCl4 the liver tissue levels of thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reacting substances were not increased in rats pretreated with CoQ10. In the in vitro experiment as well, the apparent liver tissue levels of TBA were decreased after addition of CoQ10. These facts provided evidences that CoQ10 possessed a direct antioxidative effect and protected against CCl4 hepatotoxicity by this antioxidative effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Diagnosis of pancreatic cancer by pancreatic oncofetal antigen (poa) in pure pancreatic juice.

Pancreatic oncofetal antigen (POA) was detected in the pure pancreatic juice by double immunodiffusion assay in a series of patients, using anti-POA prepared by immunizing rabbits with human fetal pancreas homogenate. The test was positive in as many as 72% of the patients with pancreatic cancer studied, whereas only less than 10% of patients with other diseases or normal controls were positive for this antigen, thus suggesting a potential usefulness of the pure pancreatic juice assay for POA in the diagnosis of cancer of the pancreas. The POA has proven to be distinct from such oncofetal antigens as AFP and CEA, to be labile to heating at 85 degrees C, to show beta-mobility on immunoelectrophoresis and to have a molecular weight of approximately 37,000 as estimated by gel filtration chromatography.

Adult↗