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Biomedical subjects

K Nishida

Publications and source records attributed to K Nishida.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Recombinant human stem cell factor mediates chemotaxis of small-cell lung cancer cell lines aberrantly expressing the c-kit protooncogene.

Accumulating evidence suggests that c-kit and its ligand, stem cell factor (SCF), play an important role in the regulation of at least three lineages of stem cell growth and possibly in leukemogenesis, while only limited data are available that suggest possible involvement of c-kit/SCF in the development of human solid tumors such as lung cancer. We have recently reported that c-kit is aberrantly expressed almost exclusively in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) among various types of solid tumors. The present study revealed that c-kit protein ectopically expressed in SCLC is indistinguishable from that in leukemia cell lines with megakaryocytic characteristics with respect to amount, molecular size, and autophosphorylation status in response to recombinant human SCF. Furthermore, significant chemotactic response as well as moderate in vitro cell growth was induced in SCLC cell lines by the addition of recombinant human SCF, suggesting that c-kit/SCF may play an important biological role in the development of SCLC. Our extensive search for activating mutations naturally occurring in the c-kit gene revealed an amino acid substitution in the transmembrane domain of an SCLC cell line, although the functional consequences of this variant allele are yet to be determined.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗
PubMed1993

The effect of supplementing hypothermic crystalloid cardioplegia with catalase plus allopurinol in the isolated rabbit heart.

The effect of adding allopurinol and catalase to hypothermic cardioplegia for ischemic-reperfusion injury was investigated in the isolated rabbit heart. Hearts were divided into two groups, namely: Group C (n = 7), which received a hypothermic crystalloid cardioplegic solution alone (4 degrees C), and group T (n = 7), which received the hypothermic cardioplegic solution with allopurinol (148 mumol/L)13 and catalase (37 nmol/L).12 The cardioplegic solution was infused continuously into the isolated hearts, which had been placed in ice-cold saline, during a 12 h preservation. Subsequently, the hearts were mounted on a noncirculating, nonpulsatile perfusion circuit using Krebs-Henseleit buffer solution at 37 degrees C for 1 h at a constant perfusion pressure of 75 mm Hg. The left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), maximum rate of pressure change (max dp/dt), and percent recovery of coronary flow were higher, while the creatine phosphokinase concentration and left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were lower in group T. The tissue malondialdehyde concentration and water content were similar in both groups. Thus, cardiac function after a 12 h preservation was enhanced by the added combination of allopurinol and catalase to the cardioplegic solution, supporting its role in the prevention of free radical reperfusion injury in cardiac preservation.

Allopurinol↗
PubMed1993

Noninvasive measurement of blood glucose concentrations by analysing Fourier transform infra-red absorbance spectra through oral mucosa.

Whether Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy with an attenuated total reflection prism could be applied for noninvasive glucose measurement through oral mucosa was evaluated. As a result, the same absorbance peak at 1033 cm-1 as in glucose aqueous solution was found in the absorbance spectra through mucous membrane. However, these glucose specific peaks were interfered with by the baseline drifts owing to prism attachment and the background spectra from body constituents other than glucose. Therefore, to eliminate these interferences, the calibration curve between the second derivatives of the absorbance peak at 1033 cm-1 and those at 2920 cm-1 was calculated (r = 0.910). By using this calibration curve, the spectral changes due to prism attachment were first eliminated. Secondly, by obtaining the second derivative of the difference between the postprandial absorbance peak and the fasting sample as a characteristic of an individual, high correlations between the corrected second derivatives of absorbance spectra through the mucous membrane of the lip at 1033 cm-1 and the increases in blood glucose concentrations above fasting levels were observed (r = 0.910). In conclusion, it was suggested that Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy could be useful for noninvasive monitoring of glucose through oral mucosa.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1993

A case of perianal Paget's disease associated with a sigmoid colon carcinoma.

A case of perianal invasive Paget's disease associated with a sigmoid colon carcinoma is presented. The chief complaint was perianal irritation for a year. Histologic examination yielded a correct diagnosis and abdominosacral resection with wide excision of the cutaneous component was performed. Histology of the resected specimen revealed the Paget's disease to be invasive of the dermis, the sigmoid colon carcinoma to be in Dukes' A stage and the two lesions to be different. The patient has been disease-free for more than 5 years after the operation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Supported angioplasty with synchronized retroperfusion in high-risk patients with left main trunk or near left main trunk obstruction.

To test the feasibility of synchronized retroperfusion (SRP) as a support device of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) for high-risk patients, 10 patients with left main trunk or near left main trunk obstruction underwent PTCA with SRP. An 8.5F retroperfusion catheter was inserted from the antecubital vein into the coronary sinus. Arterial blood was supplied through the catheter into the myocardium with a retroperfusion pump during the diastolic phase by means of ECG triggering. In all patients, the narrowings were successfully dilated and an improvement of more than 20% in the luminal diameter stenosis was achieved; however, narrowing of more than 50% (58%) remained in one patient. In all patients, systemic hemodynamics was maintained for more than 30 seconds during balloon inflation. In seven patients, a 60-second balloon inflation was possible without any collapse of systemic hemodynamics. To test the protective effect of SRP on myocardial ischemia and impairment of systemic hemodynamics, balloon inflation without SRP was performed in eight patients after successful dilatation. The duration for balloon inflation with SRP (71 +/- 30 seconds; n = 8) was significantly longer than that without SRP (56 +/- 30 seconds; n = 8). The decrease in systolic aortic pressure, the increase in pulmonary diastolic pressure, and ST-T segment elevation in the precordial lead of ECG during balloon inflation with SRP were less than those during balloon inflation without SRP. After PTCA, angina was not provoked by exercise stress testing in any of the 10 patients. We concluded that SRP is a beneficial support device of PTCA for high-risk patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Characterization of OM-B monoclonal antibody-defined antigen associated with mucinous type human ovarian tumor.

Partial characterization of the OM-B antigen associated with mucinous-type ovarian tumors was conducted. This antigen was defined by OM-B monoclonal antibody, which was raised against a mucinous-type ovarian tumor, and was present in all the mucinous-type tumors tested, but only a fraction of serous-type tumors. The OM-B crude antigen preparation fractionated from cystic fluids had a density of 1.40-1.43 g/ml, with a high neutral sugar content. Molecular mass (M(r)) estimated by gel filtration was more than 2,000,000. Trypsinization of the antigen preparation under appropriate conditions resulted in two major bands and one minor band with molecular sizes of less than M(r) 250,000, as detected by immunoblotting. Immunoaffinity chromatography was then conducted and the amino acid composition of the purified product was determined; the high contents of serine, threonine and proline are characteristic of a mucin. Binding inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed to measure OM-B antigen activity in cystic fluids and sera from patients with mucinous-type tumors. The antigen was easily detected in most cystic fluids, but not in sera, suggesting that improvement in the sensitivity of this assay is necessary before its utilization for serum diagnosis will be feasible.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1993

Characterization of pigmented granules in minocycline-induced cutaneous pigmentation: observations using fluorescence microscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography.

We describe a technique to facilitate histopathological detection and quantitative measurement of trace amounts of tissue minocycline. In a patient with minocycline-induced hyperpigmentation, a series of biopsies were taken from the affected skin over a period of 54 months, and examined for tissue minocycline deposition. Frozen sections treated with 1 M MgCl2-ethanol yielded minocycline-specific yellowish fluorescence, the location of which corresponded to clumps of granular deposits in the dermis. A decrease in the number of fluorescent granules correlated with the clinical resolution of hyperpigmentation and a significant decrease in the tissue minocycline level. Our data also provide further support for the concept that the pigment granules contain insoluble complexes of minocycline chelated with iron. The fluorescence technique is simple, sensitive, and reproducible.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1993

A new aspect of tolbutamide metabolism in the rabbit: the role of 1-butyl-3-(p-formylphenyl)sulphonylurea.

We investigated the metabolism of tolbutamide by using synthetic 1-butyl-3-(p-formylphenyl)sulphonylurea (ATB), an intermediate in the metabolic pathway of tolbutamide. ATB (40 mg kg-1) administered intravenously to rabbits was oxidized to 1-butyl-3-(p-carboxyphenyl)sulphonylurea (CTB) and also reduced to 1-butyl-3-(p-hydroxymethylphenyl)sulphonylurea (HMTB). Therefore, it is likely that in the metabolism of tolbutamide, the oxidation of HMTB to ATB involved the reverse reaction, suggesting the reduction of ATB to HMTB. The oxidation of ATB to CTB was inhibited by disulfiram pretreatment. ATB was detected in the blood following intravenous administration of HMTB in rabbits pretreated with disulfiram. These results, confirm that ATB is an intermediate in the oxidative metabolism of tolbutamide in the rabbit.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Evidence for serum factors modulating antibody production in normal and macular mice.

The macular mutant mouse is a model of Menkes' kinky hair disease, which is characterized by a deficiency of ceruloplasmin in the serum. In hemizygotic mice (ml/y), the antibody production against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was decreased. Treatment with normal (+/y) mouse serum increased in a dose-dependent manner the antibody response of ml/y mouse spleen cells in vitro. However, +/y mouse serum had no effect on +/y mouse spleen cells, even at high doses up to 5%. In contrast, ml/y mouse serum decreased antibody production in +/y mouse spleen cells in a dose-dependent manner. Antibody production in +/y mouse spleen cells decreased with time, after pretreatment with ml/y mouse serum. However, serum from ml/y mice injected with ceruloplasmin did not decrease antibody production in +/y mouse spleen cells but rather increased it in ml/y mouse spleen cells. Ceruloplasmin had no effect on the production of antibodies against SRBC in ml/y and +/y mouse spleen cells in vitro. These findings suggest that one or more enhancers of antibody production exist in normal mouse serum and that one or more suppressors of normal antibody production exist in ml/y mouse serum. It is proposed that the activities of these factors in serum may be regulated by ceruloplasmin.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Comparison of cytoprotective effects of saponins isolated from leaves of Aralia elata Seem. (Araliaceae) with synthesized bisdesmosides of oleanoic acid and hederagenin on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury.

Glycosylations of 3-O-(2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)- 3,4-di-O-acetyl-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl)-23-O-acetylhederageni n (15) with mono- (16), di- (17) and trisaccharide bromide (18) gave the bisdesmoside peracetates 19, 20 and 22, respectively, which were treated with 5% KOH in MeOH to give the bisdesmosides 25-27. Hydrolysis of the glycosides 6 and 9 having beta-D-glucopyranose as a terminal sugar component with beta-glucosidase in acetate buffer (pH 4.7) gave compounds 28 and 29, respectively. Cytoprotective effects of the synthesized triterpenoidal saponins against CCl4-induced hepatic injury were compared with those of saponins isolated from the leaves of Aralia elata Seem. (Araliaceae) using isolated hepatocytes from rat liver. Although the monodesmosides 1-4 having neutral sugar components only at the O-3 position on the aglycones showed no cytoprotective effect, bisdesmosides having sugar components at both the O-3 and O-28 positions on the aglycones had potent effects, even when the species of the sugar components were different. The bisdesmosides 10, 11, and 27 having five monosaccharides in the molecules exhibited the most potent cytoprotective effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Preparation of glycyrrhetic acid beta-glycosides having beta (1-->2)-linked disaccharides by the use of 2-O-trichloroacetyl-beta-D-pyranosyl chlorides and their cytoprotective effects on hepatic injury in vivo.

Stepwise glycosidation was adopted for the construction of glycyrrhetic acid beta-glycosides (27-30) having beta (1-->2)-linked disaccharides such as 2-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranose, 2-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-beta-D-galactopyranose, 2-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucuronopyranose and 2-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-beta-D-glucuronopyranose. In the first glycosidation, 2-O-trichloroacetyl-beta-D-payranosyl chlorides (9-11) were utilized as starting sugar derivatives to react with methyl glycyrrhetinate (5): Glycosidation of 5 with 9 and 10 gave beta- and alpha-monoglycosides (12) and (13), and (15) and (16), respectively. Treatment of the beta-glycosides 12 and 15 with ammonia-saturated ether gave products (14) and (17), respectively. The glycosidation of 5 with 11 followed by treatment with ammonia-saturated ether gave compounds (18) and (19), respectively. The second step glycosidations of 14 and 17 with methyl 2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-alpha-D-glucuronatopyranosyl bromide (20) gave diglycoside derivatives (23) and (24), respectively, and that of 18 with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl bromide (21) and -alpha-D-galactopyranosyl bromide (22) gave diglycoside derivatives (25) and (26), respectively. The removal of the protecting groups of 23-26 gave diglycosides 27-30, respectively, having a beta-D-glucuronopyranose (beta-D-glcUA) as one of two sugar components in the molecules. The cytoprotective effects of the synthesized glycosides 27-30 on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity in vivo were compared with diglycosides 31-33 having only neutral sugar components and naturally occurring glycyrrhizin (34) having two acidic sugar components (beta-D-glcUA).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Three cases of acquired megacolon in the elderly].

As the number of the elderly in society increase, cases of abnormal bowel habit in the aged have also increased. This report describes 3 cases of acquired megacolon in the elderly. Case 1, a 71-year-old female, complained of constipation and developed megacolon after an attack of cerebral infarction. Case 2, a 82-year-old male, developed megacolon while receiving psychoactive medication. Case 3, a 69-year-old male who complained of constipation for a long time and rapidly developed megacolon was diagnosed as idiopathic megacolon.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[A case of early duodenal cancer resected by endoscopic polypectomy in the elderly].

Early duodenal cancer has been detected with increasing frequency of endoscopy and the advent of an aging society. Aged patients, however, are often inoperable because of complications due to various underlying diseases. The authors report a case of early duodenal cancer curatively operated by endoscopic polypectomy and refer to related cases in the literature.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

[A case of pancreatic pseudocyst with intracystic hemorrhage and repeated gastrointestinal bleeding].

The case is a 83-year-old woman who came to our hospital with melena and epigastralgia as chief complaints, presenting pre-shock state with high serum amylase value. ERP revealed diffuse dilatation of pancreatic duct and cyst of the accessory pancreatic duct. Endoscopy showed hemorrhage of the accessory papilla. A diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis and hemosuccus pancreaticus was made. Because of the patient's advanced age, conservative treatment (total parenchymal nutrition, transfusion, hemostatics, etc.) were prescribed. The patient succumbed due to heart failure 15 months later. This case of gastrointestinal bleeding from a pancreatic pseudocyst due to neighboring arterial rupture is discussed with reference to some related literature.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Expression of the c-kit protein in human solid tumors and in corresponding fetal and adult normal tissues.

The proto-oncogene c-kit encodes a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor that is thought to play an important role in hematopoiesis, spermatogenesis, and melanogenesis. We previously showed that the c-kit messenger RNA is preferentially expressed in small cell lung cancer and that its ligand, stem cell factor, is expressed in a broad spectrum of human cancers. Using anti-c-kit antisera raised against synthetic peptides, in situ localization of the c-kit protein in various human solid tumors as well as in corresponding fetal and adult normal tissues was studied by the ABC method. The results suggest that the c-kit gene products may be involved in the pathogenesis of a very restricted subset of human solid tumors such as small cell lung cancer. Interestingly, nuclear protein immunologically related to c-kit was found in both normal and neoplastic medullary cells of the adrenal gland.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

[Fluorophotometric measurement of tear volume and tear turnover rate in human eyes].

Tear volume and turnover rate were measured in 31 normal eyes using a newly designed objective fluorophotometer. After instillation of 1 microliter of 50,000 ng/ml fluorescein solution, its concentration in the lower marginal strip was measured every minute for 10 minutes after instillation. The tear volume and the tear turnover rate were determined using the method of Mishima et al. (Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 1966). The tear volume in this study was 12.4 +/- 6.2 microliters, initial turnover rate was 31.5 +/- 14.4%/min., and basal turnover rate was 24.0 +/- 14.2%/min. (Mean +/- SD). There were no significant differences in sex, age or use of contact lens. We also measured the tear volume and turnover rate using 5 microliters of 10,000 ng/ml fluorescein solution in the same way. The result turned out to be significantly higher, suggesting that minimal irritation is required for evaluating the tear flow.

Adult↗