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Biomedical subjects

K Niitani

Publications and source records attributed to K Niitani.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Bioavailability of 50- and 75-mg oral etoposide in lung cancer patients.

This study was designed to determine the bioavailability of etoposide capsules administered orally at doses of 50 and 75 mg. Patients with inoperable or relapsed lung cancer, who had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-2 and adequate organ function, were eligible. A group of 17 patients were evaluable, all of whom were 75 years old or less, with an ECOG performance status of 0 or 1. The bioavailability of oral etoposide was determined by measuring the area under the etoposide plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) on days 1, 10 and 21 during a once-daily regimen of oral administration for 21 consecutive days and comparing the value with the AUC achieved following intravenous administration 1 or 2 weeks after the last oral dose. The bioavailability of 50, 75 and 100 mg oral etoposide was determined in six, nine and two patients, respectively. The mean etoposide bioavailabilities (+/- SD) of the 50-mg and 75-mg doses were 47 +/- 11% and 59 +/- 18%, respectively, and of the 100-mg dose in two patients were 51% and 33%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in bioavailability between the 50-mg and 75-mg doses. The bioavailability of low-dose oral etoposide was the same as that reported in previous higher dose oral etoposide bioavailability studies and that shown on the package insert supplied by the manufacturer. Improved bioavailability of low-dose oral etoposide was therefore not observed in a population of Japanese patients.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1996

[Ocular metastasis necessitating enucleation of an eyeball after surgery for primary lung cancer].

A 68-year-old man was referred because of an abnormal shadow in the right upper lung field on a chest X-ray film. After the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the lung, left upper lobectomy was done. Histologically, adenocarcinoma with foci of squamous cell carcinoma was seen. About 11 months after that operation, he suddenly noticed a decrease in visual acuity on the left side. The fundus of the eye was tested and metastatic choroidal cancer was suspected. To prevent rupture, the eyeball was enucleated. The choroidal tumor appeared to have components of squamous cell carcinoma from primary lung cancer. About 7 months after enucleation of his eyeball, the patient was disease-free with no decrease in his quality of life. As a result of a recent increase in the incidence of lung cancer, it is important to pay attention to ophthalmological tests in patients with primary lung cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

[A suspected case of T0N1M0 small cell carcinoma of the lung].

A 51-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a chief complaint of cough. His chest X-ray and CT scan revealed enlargement of a left hilar lymph node. However, no primary lesion was apparent in the rest of the lung. Bronchofiberscopic findings were essentially normal. At surgery the mass was determined to be an enlarged lymph node (No. 11). No apparent malignant lesion was identified in the lung. Postoperative pathological examination showed small cell carcinoma in a part of the No. 11 lymph node. Despite a thorough systemic examination, no primary foci were detected. We have been following up this patient with chemotherapy for the approximately 2 year period since the operation, but no primary lesions have been detected as yet. Therefore, we speculate that this patient is a very rare case of primary unknown T0N1M0 lung cancer.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗
PubMed1989

[Chronic myelogenous leukemia characterized by successive lymphoid and myelomonocytic blast crises].

We report a 25 year-old male of CML, who repeated lymphoid blast crises twice and finally experienced a myelomonocytic blast crisis. In the first and the second crises, after 2 years of chronic phase, the blasts were only weakly positive or negative for terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. Based on other morphological features of the blasts, however, lymphoid blast crisis was strongly suspected. Actually, he responded well to the vincristine and prednisolone therapy. In the third crisis, the blasts showed myelomonocytic features. He did not respond to the same regimen, and died of intracranial infiltration during daunorubicin and cytosine arabinoside therapy after one year from the first crisis. Chromosomal analysis showed the karyotypes of 46, XY, t(9:22) (q34:q11) in the chronic phase, 45, XY, -7, -9, +der(9) t(7;9) (q11;p11), t(9:22) (q34:q11) in the lymphoid blast crisis, and 46, XY, t(9:22) (q34:q11), t(11:17) (q23:q25) in the myelomonocytic blast crisis.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Ultrastructural evidence for neural crest origin of the malanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy.

A case of malanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy, which occurred in the anterior maxilla of a 3-month-old girl, was studied by electron microscopy. Polymorphic cellular elements were revealed to be present: large melanin-producing cells with some of the characteristics of a neuroepithelium, small non-pigmented cells resembling immature neuroblasts, and many intermediate forms resembling differentiating neuroblasts. All cell types clearly demonstrated ultrastructural features of neurogenic cells, e.g. neurite-like cytoplasmic processes, fine filaments and microtubules indistinguishable from those seen in normal neurites, synaptic-like structures, and neurosecretory-like vesicles. Based on these fine structures, the lesion was presumed to represent a hamartoma of primitive neuroectodermal cells with a tendency toward the differentiation into melanin-producing cells. The neural crest origin of this tumor was convincingly supported by ultrastructural analysis.

Cell Nucleolus↗